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分离植物叶片上、下表皮新方法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
有很多植物的叶片不能直接用镊子将表皮撕取下来,通常用指甲油、琼脂等物质的印拓法和次氯酸钠离析法,但这些方法不适用于像北极植物矮桦和北极柳这样很小的叶片,笔者改用502胶粘贴的办法很好地解决了这一难题。并发现此方法简便,适用于各种大小材质的叶片,很值得广泛应用。 相似文献
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利用离析法、扫描电镜和石蜡切片法对安徽产2种3居群山罗花属植物的叶进行了微形态比较研究,结果表明:该属植物叶表皮细胞形状为不规则形,垂周壁呈波状、深波状至重波状;表皮细胞内含叶绿体;角质层具条状纹饰;表皮上有表皮毛和腺毛分布,扫描电镜下表皮毛具瘤状突起的纹饰;栅栏组织只有1层,排列比较疏松,海绵组织有发达的胞间隙;气孔器多为无规则型,极少数仅有一个副卫细胞,仅分布于下表皮,扫描电镜下气孔外拱盖内缘近光滑或浅波状。2种植物在垂周壁式样、表皮毛密度、气孔器长宽比、栅栏组织和海绵组织的厚度比以及中脉的结构特征等具有明显的差异,而山罗花3居群间的差异不明显。 相似文献
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麦冬、土麦冬和阔叶土麦冬叶表皮形态结构的观察 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
用光镜和扫描电镜观察了麦冬(Ophiopogon japonicus(L.f)Ker—Gawl.]、土麦冬(Liriope spicata Lour.)和阔叶土麦冬(L.platyphylla Wanget Tang)叶表皮显微结构、亚显微结构和角质层内表面的形态结构。结果表明,气孔主要分布于麦冬、土麦冬和阔叶土麦冬叶片的下表皮,气孔密度分别为76.4、114.3和99.8个·mm^-2;仅阔叶土麦冬叶片上表皮有少量气孔分布。3种植物的气孔器均不具有副卫细胞,并在叶脉间形成纵向气孔带。表皮细胞长方形,气孔带与非气孔带处表皮细胞的形态和大小差异较明显。麦冬气孔周围的表皮细胞平周壁具明显瘤状突起,导致气孔下陷;土麦冬气孔周围的表皮细胞平周壁呈波浪状突起,使气孔相对下陷;阔叶土麦冬气孔周围的表皮细胞平周壁基本无突起,气孔不下陷。3种植物的叶表皮均有发达的角质层和丰富的蜡质,且蜡质主要分布于下表皮气孔带处。这些结构特征可能与它们所具有的喜阳、耐阴和耐旱等特性有一定的相关性。 相似文献
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应用光学显微镜和扫描电镜技术对新疆12种黄芩属植物叶片上的微形态特征进行观察。结果表明:该属植物叶的上表皮细胞形状及垂周壁式样有多种形式;而下表皮细胞形状均为不规则形,垂周壁式样均为深波形,不具分类学意义,但叶片两面分布的气孔器,在不同种间气孔大小、气孔密度、气孔指数、气孔外拱盖内缘等方面都存在着显著差异;其表皮角质层纹饰和表皮毛的微形态也各有不同;大多数植物叶片表面具腺点,其大小、分布及疏密程度也有不同。植物叶表皮上的这些微形态特征,可为探讨本属种间的分类学及亲缘关系提供一定的佐证。 相似文献
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珍稀植物青檀叶的解剖结构及其生态适应性特征 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
采用石蜡切片法、叶表皮离析法对不同居群青檀叶片的解剖结构进行了对比观察和分析,以期探讨中国特有属植物青檀在解剖结构方面对石灰岩地区贫瘠干旱的适应特征及其机理。结果表明,青檀在叶的解剖结构方面对干旱的石灰岩生境有良好的适应性,其中生境条件最差的巢湖银屏山居群青檀的耐旱性最强,具体表现为:叶片厚,表皮细胞小,具有较厚的表皮细胞外壁和角质层;栅栏组织发达,细胞排列紧密;气孔小且密度大,成簇分布等特征。本研究对青檀在石灰岩地区的推广栽培提供了理论基础。 相似文献
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中国荩草属叶片表皮的微形态及其分类意义 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文报道荩草属及其邻近属共5属17种4变种的叶片表皮微形态研究,其中有些种类为首次报道。主要有以下几点: 1、荩草属叶片表皮微形态有5种类型,根据这几种类型结合小穗的外部形态,可在荩草属下分为两亚属及5个组。 2、荩草属及其哑铃形的硅细胞及三角形或圆屋顶形的气孔副卫细胞等近似须芒草属Andropogon Linn.应位于禾本科Gramineae蜀黍族Andropogoneae下,但硅细胞多为短哑铃形而且伴有其它各种类型,微毛的顶细胞远长于基细胞的独特性状,应独立成为荩草亚族Arthraxoninae Benth。 3、根据A.breviaristatus Hack.,A.quartiniana A. Rich.,A.pauciflorus Honda and A.hispidus(Thunb.)Makino 4者叶片表皮细胞类型完全相似特征,赞同P.C.van Weltzen意见,应作一种处理;根据国际命名法规优先律,应用A.hispidus (Thunb.) Makino。 4、海南荩草A. hainanensis Keng et S.L.Chen与茅坪荩草A. maopingensis S.L.Chen et Y.X.Jin应当独立成种.因其两种的叶片表皮细胞类型完全不同。 相似文献
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In experiments on Black Sea skates (Raja clavata), the potential of the receptor epithelium of the ampullae of Lorenzini and spike activity of single nerve fibers connected to them were investigated during electrical and temperature stimulation. Usually the potential within the canal was between 0 and –2 mV, and the input resistance of the ampulla 250–400 k. Heating of the region of the receptor epithelium was accompanied by a negative wave of potential, an increase in input resistance, and inhibition of spike activity. With worsening of the animal's condition the transepithelial potential became positive (up to +10 mV) but the input resistance of the ampulla during stimulation with a positive current was nonlinear in some cases: a regenerative spike of positive polarity appeared in the channel. During heating, the spike response was sometimes reversed in sign. It is suggested that fluctuations of the transepithelial potential and spike responses to temperature stimulation reflect changes in the potential difference on the basal membrane of the receptor cells, which is described by a relationship of the Nernst's or Goldman's equation type.I. P. Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. I. M. Sechenov, Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. Pacific Institute of Oceanology, Far Eastern Scientific Center, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Vladivostok. Translated from Neirofiziologiya, Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 67–74, January–February, 1980. 相似文献
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Birefringence of flow of preparations of myosin 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
BINKLEY F 《The Journal of biological chemistry》1948,175(1):385-390
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A sensitive method for the detection of small quantities of hydrophobic antioxidant free radical scavengers such as butylatedhydroxytoluene (BHT) and butylatedhydroxyanisole (BHA) in aqueous samples is described. The procedure involves extraction of the hydrophobic free radical scavenger into an organic solvent phase, followed by the subsequent reaction of an aliquot of this extract with the stable cation radical tris(p-bromophenyl)amminium hexachloroantimonate (TBACA). In experiments with BHT and BHA, the loss of TBACA absorbance at 730 nm was found to be linearly proportional to the amount of antioxidant added, with quantities of BHT as small as 200 pmol being easily detectable. In aqueous suspensions of dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine vesicles, assays of the aqueous BHT concentration showed that BHT partitioned strongly into the membrane phase, achieving very high BHT/phospholipid ratios. For a given concentration of BHT, partitioning into the membrane phase was greater in large, multilamellar liposomes than in either small, single-walled vesicles or in purified rat brain synaptic vesicle membranes. Direct assay of BHT and BHA in phospholipid membranes, however, was complicated by a nonspecific interaction between TBACA and the phospholipid. 相似文献