银川市职工基本医疗保险总额预付制实施效果分析

目的 了解银川市定点医疗机构总额预付制的实施效果,在此基础上探究总额预付制下不同方式下医保基金的控制与管理。方法 采用定性分析与定量分析相结合的方法,采用SPSS软件对数据进行分析,采用病例组合方法进行改进方法研究。结果 银川市总额预付制实施后费用控制效果不明显,次均费用等指标呈现上升趋势,同时也发现实施方案中存在一些问题。结论 针对总额预付实施方案中出现的问题,提出以病例组合平均费用作为总预付方案,控制费用的同时合理利用医疗资源,促进病人合理分流。     

总额预付背景下医院医保管理策略的调整与思考

目的 探寻总额预付制度对于三级综合医院医保管理工作的影响,并有针对性的提出改进措施。方法 采用访谈法、比较法等收集信息资料,并对相关数据进行统计处理和实施效果分析。结果 医院对管理策略的合理调整,有助于多种角度控制医疗费用增长,临床医务人员在诊疗行为方面趋于规范化,不合理用药现象减少。结论 总额预付制度的实施有助于医院医疗费用的控制,医保的管理意识得到强化。     

医学影像科检查在医保总额预付改革政策下的变化

目的 探讨医保制对医院影像科检查量的影响以及应对的方法。 方法 对北京大学肿瘤医院医学影像科2012年度全年检查量数据进行统计分析,组间率的比较采用χ²检验或Fisher精确概率法。 结果 医保总额预付制前后放射科检查量总体情况变化不大。非医保群体中,各种检查的构成比情况变化不大。结论 医保总额预付制使医保病例的影像检查手段构成发生了积极变化,减少了病人的医疗支出,促进医疗资源的优化配置;放射科应针对变化采取相应措施,以保证临床医疗和科研工作的平稳开展。     

新农合支付方式改革对患者住院均次费用的影响研究

目的 通过多种形式的新农合支付方式改革,提高参保人群的受益程度,有效控制患者住院均次费用的不合理增长,促进医疗机构内部运行机制的转变,提高医保资金的使用效率。方法 采集不同类别的医疗机构,不同支付方式的住院均次费用的增幅数据,进行改革前后的数据分析。结果 改革前后各级各类医院住院均次费用的逐年增幅差距很大,利用支付方式综合改革后的各级各类医疗机构患者住院均次费用得到控制。结论 多种形式的支付方式改革是影响医疗机构内部运行机制、降低住院均次费用增幅的有效手段。     

总额预付制下医保费用管理措施对医疗服务行为影响

目的 了解医院在总额预付制下所采取的费用管理措施以及这些措施对医生处方行为与患者诊疗结果的具体影响。方法 采用问卷调研的方法进行实证研究,并结合专家访谈的方法进行论证讨论。结果 研究发现,总额预付制下,目前医院医保费用管理措施在控制费用的同时对临床服务质量与患者满意度产生了一些意想不到的影响。结论 总额控费带来的相关问题应引起关注,建议可从保证医疗服务质量、优化医疗费用结构和控费方法精细化三方面对控费进行完善。     

医疗保险费用分析及管理探讨

目的 了解影响医保患者医疗费用的主要因素,为控制医疗费用的不合理增长和医疗保险支付方式的改革提供参考依据。方法 收集2006—2009年三级基本医疗保险定点医疗机构住院费用,对可能的影响因素进行相关分析。结果 人均住院费用呈逐年上涨趋势。次均费用与药品比例、材料呈正相关（决定系数分别为0.914和0.909,P＝0.044和0.046）,P＜0.05。结论 合理降低药费比例和耗材比例是控制医疗费用过快增长的关键。应加快医疗保险支付方式的改革,制定科学的诊疗规范、临床路径。     

基于模糊综合评判法的医院费用规制效果综合评价

??????? 目的 评价我国医疗费用规制策略效果,筛选优先干预策略。方法 运用模糊综合评判法对医院费用的重要规制手段：医疗服务定价方式、药品流通体制、医疗保险支付方式的重要性、可操作性、失效程度、干预迫切性四个维度进行综合评价。 结果 导致我国医疗费用控制效果不佳的首要原因在于药品流通体制的管制失效;现行医保支付方式对医疗费用的规制作用不强,这是导致快速上涨的医疗费用难以得到有效遏制控制的第二位原因。 结论 改善我国医疗费用规制效果的优先策略是进一步强化药品流通体制规制改革的推进力度;其次,亟待深化医保制度支付方式的费用控制机制探索,发挥医保制度作为第三方对医疗费用的重要规制作用。     

JL-DRGs在综合医院管理中的应用探讨

目的 探讨JL-DRGs在综合医院管理中的应用。方法 对2012年和2013年运行JL-DRGs管理前后的全部出院病例进行统计分析。结果 2013年开始全面运行JL-DRGs后平均住院日下降17.74%,均次费用下降13.49%,医保超支年度累计减少1 866万元,平均每月医保超支额度下降39.23%,医疗质量、效率均显著提升。结论 JL-DRGs在大型综合医院管理中应用效果好,可以积极促进医院提质升效并降低运营成本。     

慢性疾病医保患者个人支付及统筹支付费用影响因素分析

调查2所三级甲等综合医院5种慢性疾病医保患者住院费用中的个人支付和统筹支付费用构成情况,分析影响医保患者住院费用的因素,探究控制医保患者住院费用增长的途径和方法。关注老年人的健康需求和慢性病年轻化趋势,对影响医保患者的住院医疗费用和个人、统筹支付费用的可控因素加以严格管理, 积极促进非可控因素的转化, 减少或杜绝低效或无效性医疗费用。     

某三甲医院手术科室麻醉自费项目现状调查

????? 目的 探讨现阶段北京某三甲医院手术科室住院医疗保险项目付费自费费用中麻醉自费费用所占比例以及麻醉自费项目发生情况。方法 对北京某三甲医院2011年3月1-7日一周的15个手术科室医保出院病人麻醉自费项目进行现状调查。结果 北京某三甲医院手术科室麻醉自费费用占总自费费用比例12.04%,麻醉自费项目费用构成排名前5位的是凯纷注射液（占43.20%）、瑞芬太尼注射液（占17.43%）、镇痛泵（占10.04%）、赛机宁注射液（占8.20%）、天普洛安粉针（占8.14%）,自费比例与麻醉自费费用正相关,与麻醉自费项目费用构成负相关。结论 只有解决凯纷注射液、瑞芬太尼注射液和镇痛泵等的报销问题,才能从根本上控制麻醉自费费用。     

六种藓类植物茎的比较解剖学研究

通过对6种藓类植物,即褶叶青藓(Brachythecium salebrosum(Web.et Mohr.)B.S.G.)、湿地匐灯藓(Plagiomnium acutum(Lindb.)Kop.)、侧枝匐灯藓(Plagiomnium maximoviczii(Lindb.)Kop.)、大凤尾藓(Fissidensnobilis Griff.)、大羽藓(Thuidium cymbifolium(Doz.et Molk.)B.S.G.)和大灰藓(Hypnum plumaeforme Wils.)嫩茎和老茎的石蜡切片和显微观察发现,同一藓类植株的嫩茎和老茎,茎结构稳定,不同种藓类植物茎横切面具有不同特征.植物体茎横切面形状、表层细胞的层数、细胞大小和细胞壁厚薄、皮层细胞大小和形状、中轴的有无以及比例等特征可以作为藓类植物的分科分类依据之一.     

Photoregulation of seed germination of wild-type and of an aurea-mutant of tomato

Seed germination of an aurea mutant of tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is promoted by continuous irradiation with red, far-red or long-wavelength far-red (758 nm) light as well as by cyclic irradiations (5 min red or 5 min far-red/25 min darkness). Far-red light applied immediately after each red does not change the germination behaviour. Seed germination of the isogenic wild-type, cv. UC-105, is promoted by continuous and cyclic red light while it is inhibited by continuous and cyclic far-red light and by continious 758 nm irradiation. Far-red irradiation reverses almost completely the promoting effect of red light. The promoting effect (in the aurea mutant) and the inhibitory effect (in the wild-type) of continuous far-red light do not show photon fluence rate dependency above 20 nmol m⁻² s⁻¹. It is concluded that phytochrome controls tomato seed germination throgh low energy responses in both the wild type and the au mutant. The promoting effect of continuous and cyclic far-red light in the au mutant can be attributed to a greater sensitivity to P_fr.     

Cause of Senescence of Nine Sorts of Flowers

The levels of endogenous phytohormones and respiratory rate in nine sorts of flowers such as Cymbidium faberi Rolfe, Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth and others were investigated both at full bloom and senescence and meanwhile the effect of exogenous phytohormones on prolonging the blossoms and promoting ethylene production were tested. There is a high content of endogenous ethylene in all the long-lived flowere, about 3–16 folds higer than the short-lived ones. There is a high level of ABA at full blooming flowers of short-lived flowers, in which there is no or only some cytokinins in it, but the ratio of CTK (6BA+zeatin)/ABA is smaller(l.7). The endogenous ABA reached a much higher level at senescence in all nine sorts of flowers, so it is reasonable to consider that it is ABA which plays an important role of regulation in controlling flower's senescence. There is a much higher level of GA3 and zeatin in the long-lived flowers which is not demonstrated in the shortlived ones. The respiratory rate is one of the factors controtling the longevity of flowers, but it does not play a decided role. Application of 6BA and zeatin prolongs distinctly orchid’s longevity, however exogenous IAA through the promotive action on ethylene production, evidently extends the longevity of the flowers of the Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth.     

真菌类遗传学分析的知识结构教学

本文以认知结构理论为指导,讨论了真菌类遗传分析与高等动植物遗传分析的内在联系,认为利用这种内在联系进行教学可收到好的效果并说明了作者的具体教学过程。 Abstract:In the paper, the relationship between genetic analysis of Fungi and genetic analysis of high animal and plant was discussed.A good results were obtained when we adopted this method in the teaching.     

龙胆科药用植物化学成分的研究现状

龙胆科植物在我国的分布范围很广,且多数为药用植物,其多数种属的药用植物,至今其化学成分尚未被系统研究。综述了目前龙胆科药用植物的化学成分的研究现状及一般提取方法,对近年来发现的环烯醚萜及裂环烯醚萜类化合物进行了总结,为本科药用植物的更深入研究提供了参考。     

Interconnection of parameters of regulation system of lipid peroxidation and of morphophysiological parameters of mouse liver

A complex analysis of seasonal fluctuations of the mean group parameters of the system of regulation of lipid peroxidation has been performed in liver of Balb/c mice. Association of lipid characteristics and morphophysiological parameters is studied in the Balb/c mouse liver. An inter-connection is revealed between the liver index and the amount of lysoforms of phospholipids, the scale and character of the interconnection differing essentially depending on proportion of phos-phatidylcholine in mouse liver phospholipids.     

The effects of glutamine of the maintenance of embryogenic cultures of Cryptomeria japonica

Summary Embryogenic tissues of sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) were induced on a modified Campbell and Durzan (CD) medium containing 1 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 600 mg l⁻¹ glutamine, and subcultured in the medium of the same composition for over 1 yr. This resulted in a mixed culture of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells. When embryogenic cells were isolated and cultured independently, their capacity to form embryogenic aggregates was lost. Thus, the non-embryogenic cells present within a mixed culture system were essential to the formation of embryogenic aggregates. When embryogenic tissues were isolated and cultured independently on a high glutamine-containing (2400 mg l⁻¹) medium, dry weights and endogenous levels of glutamine increased, and the tissue could generate a large number of embryogenic aggregates. Amino acid analysis of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells from the maintenance culture indicated a higher level of glutamine was present in the latter. The high endogenous level of glutamine in the non-embryogenic portion of mixed cell masses may be the supplier of glutamine for maintaining the embryogenic property of the tissues.     

Specificity of action of piperidylcholine derivatives as substrates of cholinesterases of various origin

The review deals with study of enzymologic properties of a novel highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate, N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium iodomethylate (“piperidylcholine”), and its 30 derivatives that were tested as effectors of cholinesterases of mammals and various species of Pacific squids. It was proven for the first time that responsible for specificity of action was structure of cyclic ammonium grouping of the alcohol part of molecule of the ester substrate. Analysis of specificity is performed based on enzymatic hydrolysis parameters—activity of catalytic center of cholinesterases and bimolecular constant of the reaction rate that are determined at optimal and low substrate concentrations. Among the specially synthesized group of thioester compounds there is revealed one more highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate—N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium.