5种石杉属植物叶表皮特征研究

利用光学显微镜及电子显微镜对石杉科(Huperziaceae)石杉属(Huperzia)5种植物:蛇足石杉(Huperzia serrata(Thunb.ex Murray)Trev.)、皱边石杉(Huperzia crispata(Ching)Ching.)、四川石杉(Huperzia sutchueniana(Herter)Ching.)、南岭石杉(Huperzia nanlingensis)和长柄石杉(Huperzia javaensis)的叶片微结构进行观察与研究。结果显示:这5种石杉均无叶表面附属物,具无规则四细胞型和不规则型两种类型的气孔,不规则型为主要气孔类型。这5种石杉在气孔组成上具多型现象,气孔多为下生型,分布方式及大小多样;叶表皮细胞在不同类型中有大小差异但均呈不规则状,表皮细胞垂周壁呈波纹状(深波状、浅波状)。上述研究结果为石杉属植物的进一步分类与研究提供依据。     

中国石杉属(狭义)小杉兰组的分类学研究

本文将石杉科石杉属(狭义)分为两组,即小杉兰组Sect．Huperzia和蛇足石杉组Sect．Serratae (Rothm．)Holub,对小杉兰组的概念进行了修订并对国产有关种类进行了分类学研究。共记载国产小杉 兰组植物12种1变种,并包括1个新组合:Huperzia quasipolytrichoides(Hayata)Ching var. rectifolia (J．F．Cheng)H．S．Kung et L．B．Zhang,2个新异名:H．hupehensis Ching和H．whangshanensisChing et P．C．Chiu．     

三种石杉属植物孢子形态的扫描电镜观察

利用扫描电镜对采自湖北省利川市的蛇足石杉Huperzia serrata（Thunb.ex Murray）Trev.、皱边石杉H.crispate（Ching ex H.S.Kung）Ching和四川石杉H.sutchueniana（Herter）Ching3种植物孢子的大小、形态及表面纹饰等方面进行观察测量,并对每个种孢子形态特征进行了描述。结果表明,3种石杉属植物孢子均为四面体型、三裂缝、辐射对称,表面纹饰均呈穴状。不同种在孢子大小、裂缝长度、孔穴深浅程度以及辐射间区凹陷程度上存在差异。因孢子形态是稳定的,可作为种间划分的重要依据,同时,也为蕨类植物孢子形态学的研究提供参考。     

中国石杉属(狭义)蛇足石杉组的分类研究

本文对石杉科石杉属(狭义)蛇足石杉组的概念进行了修订并对国产有关种类进行了分类学研 究。共记载本组植物12种,并包括3个新异名：H．minimadenta J．F．Cheng,H．kamaensis Ching et S．K．Wu及H．lucidula(Michx．)Trev．var．asiatica Ching．     

中国马尾杉属拟石杉组(新组)的分类研究及马尾杉属的属下分类

1964年J．Holub建立马尾杉属Phlegmariurus(Herter)Holub之后,植物学界有各种不同的反映。 本文在研究中国种类基础上将这个属看作不同于石杉属Huperzia Bernh．的独立的属,其特殊性尤表现 在附生习性和热带分布两方面。本文将该属中国种类划分为三个组,列出其分组检索表。对其中新组 拟石杉组Sect. Huperzioides(sect. nov．)作了分类学研究,共记载了该组植物13种,内含4个新组合： Ph．petiolatus(Clarke)H．S．Kung et L. B．Zhang,Ph．cryptomerianus (Maxim．)Ching,Ph．ovatifolius (Ching)W. M. Chu, Ph. nylamensis (Ching et S. K. Wu)H. S. Kung et L. B. Zhang; 7个新异名: Hu- perzia formoana Holub [ = Ph. taiwanensis Ching], H. austrosinica Ching [ ＝ Ph. petiolatus ], Lycopodi- um minchegense Ching [ = Ph. mincheensis Ching ], Ph. mincheensis var. angustifolius C. Y. Ma [ ＝ Ph. mincheensis ], Ph. longyangensis C. Y. Ma [ = Ph. fordii ], Ph. nanus C. Y. Ma [ = Ph. fordii ], Ph. yangdongensis Ching et C. F. Zhang [ = Ph. fordii ]; 以及1个中国分布新记录种: Ph. hamiltonii。     

光照对蛇足石杉某些生理生化指标的影响

蛇足石杉[Huperzia serrata (Thunb.ex Murray) Trev.]是石杉科(Huperziaceae)石杉属(Huperzia Bernh.)植物,其含有的药用成分石杉碱甲是一种高效胆碱酯酶抑制剂,可用于治疗老年人记忆减退、早老性痴呆症及重症肌无力症等[1],目前,已有学者将石杉碱甲开发成治疗早老性痴呆症的一类新药.     

中国石杉属植物上的叶楯藻

报道了叶楯藻（Phycopeltis epiphyton）附生在石杉属（Huperzia）植物的叶片上。对贵州分布的叶楯藻（P. epiphyton）标本做了仔细的观测和详细的描述。     

蛇足石杉产石杉碱甲内生真菌的分离鉴定

从9月份采集的野生药用植物蛇足石杉(Huperzia serrata)的茎、叶中分离纯化得到15株内生真菌,将上述内生真菌进行液体培养后,通过薄层层析法(TLC)和高效液相法(HPLC)对其代谢产物进行检测,结果表明菌株WX13产石杉碱甲(Huperzine A,HupA)。运用形态和培养特性观察,初步确定菌株WX13属于镰刀菌属(Fu-sarium sp.)。     

叉蕨科4属5种植物配子体的发育模式及其系统学意义

利用光学显微镜详细观察了叉蕨科(Aspidiaceae)4属5种植物, 即肋毛蕨属(Ctenitis (C. Chr.)C. Chr.)的亮鳞肋毛蕨 (C. subglandulosa (Hance)Ching)和海南肋毛蕨(C. decurrenti-pinnata (Ching)Ching)、轴脉蕨属(Ctenitopsis Ching ex Tard.-Blot et C. Chr.)的轴脉蕨(C. sagenioides (Mett.)Ching)、黄腺羽蕨属(Pleocnemia Presl )的黄腺羽蕨(P. winitti Holtt.)以及叉蕨属(Tectaria Cav.)的剑叶叉蕨(T. leptophylla (C. H. Wright)Ching)的配子体发育过程, 记录了配子体各发育阶段的模式特征, 认为这5种植物的孢子、丝状体、片状体、生长点、翼片、细胞、毛状体和假根等具有稳定的系统学意义。检索结果与该科的经典分类结果基本相似, 并在此基础上编写了各分类群的检索表。本研究为叉蕨科系统学研究积累了详实的配子体形态学资料。     

长柄石杉芽胞及芽胞植株形态研究

为研究石杉属植物芽胞形态特征以及芽胞在石杉属植物无性繁殖中的作用,对野外采集和移栽后新生的长柄石杉（Huperzia javanica）芽胞体、芽胞的形态特征、芽胞萌发形成芽胞植株的过程进行了描述,并对芽胞和芽胞残体发生数量进行计数。结果表明,芽胞体由芽胞和芽托部组成,前者是6个小叶围住的小芽,后者为具有6个鳞状叶的柄状体;芽胞脱落后一周开始萌发并进一步发育为芽胞植株;芽胞体发生枝条上平均有5个芽胞发生;芽胞发生具有一定程度的周期性,可以据此估计石杉植株株龄和生长速度。     

On the taxonomy of Phlegmariurus (Herter) Holub sect. Huperzioides H. S. Kung et L. B. Zhang (sect. nov.) with notes on the infrageneric classification of the genus Phlegmariurus in China

After the genus Phlegmariurus (Herter)Holub was proposed by J. Holub 1964, the repercussions are different, with some botanists accepting it, while others refusing. We take it as a separate genus since the related species from China are distinctly different from those of Huperzia Bernh. The plants of this genus in China are classified into three sections: Sect. Huperzioides H. S. Kung et L. B. Zhang, sect. nov.; Sect. Carinaturus (Herter)H. S. Kung et L. B. Zhang, comb. nov. and Sect. Phlegmariurus. A key to sections is given. The taxonomy on the new section, Sect. Huperzioides, is presented. Thirteen species are reported in China, involving 4 new combinations: Ph. petiolatus (Clarke)H. S. Kung et L. B. Zhang, Ph. cryptomerianus (Maxim.)Ching, Ph. ovatifolius (Ching)W. M. Chu, Ph. nylamensis (Ching et S. K. Wu)H. S. Kung et L. B. Zhang; and 7 names are considered for the first time as synonyms: Huperzia formosana Holub [ = Ph. taiwanensis Ching ], H. austrosinica Ching [ = Ph. petiolatus ], Lycopodium mingchgense Ching [ = Ph. mincheensis Ching ], Ph. mincheensis var. angustifolius C. Y. Ma [ = Ph. mincheensis ], Ph. longyangensis C. Y. Ma [ = Ph. fordii ], Ph. nanus C. Y. Ma [ ＝ Ph. fordii ], Ph. yandongensis Ching et C. F. Zhang [ ＝ Ph.fordii]. One new record in China is found: Ph.hamiltonii.     

东北石杉生物碱成分的研究

从东北石杉中分离得到7个石松生物碱,通过NMR、MS及IR等光谱分析,分别鉴定为：luciduline(1),dithydroluciduline(2),lycocline(3),huperzine B(4),serratinine(5),serratidine(6),mecleanine(7)。这些化合物均为首次从该植物中分得。     

福建蕨类植物新资料

对凤丫蕨属(裸子蕨科)井冈山凤丫蕨一新变型,即条纹凤丫蕨(Coniogramme jinggangshanensis Ching et Shing f.zebrina X.X.Wang et M.M.Lin)和福建新记录种漏斗瓶蕨(Trichomanes naseana),碗蕨(Dennstaedtia scabra),桃花岛鳞毛蕨(Dryopteris hondoensis)和尖齿拟水龙骨(Polypodiastrum argutum)进行了报道.     

狭叶金星蕨的快速繁殖

The rapid propagation system of Huperzia serrata(Thunb.) Trev. associated fern (Parathelypteris angustifrons(Miq.) Ching) was established by culturing its prothallium. MS+1.0 mg·L^-1 NAA was the most suitable medium for prothallium proliferation. After 60 days of growing in this medium, the fresh weight of prothallium weighed twice heavier compared with one in the control medium (MS without hormone). MS without plant hormone was the optimal medium for inducing sporophyte. The shortest induction time was 22 days and the induction rate was 15%. 6-BA and TDZ showed inhibitory effect on the formation of the sporophyte. The best medium for root induction of sporophyte was MS+1.0 mg·L^-1 IAA. Within 60 days, the medium induced a mean root length of 1.72 cm and 13 roots per explant. Sporophyte grew best in water moss by which the survival rate of transplantation reached 100%.     

安蕨属的分类与分布

1849年,捷克人Presl根据菲律宾产的一种蕨类植物Anisocampium cumingia-num Presl,建立了安蕨属Anisocapium Presl,几十年来未被各国植物学家(如Baker、Beddom、Makino、C.Christensen、Christ、Nakai、秦仁昌、Devol、Ohwi和Tagawa)所承认。1940年,Tard.-Blot et C.Chr.编写《印度支那植物通志》(Fl.Gen.Indo-Chine)时接受了安蕨属的概念。1947年,美国人Copeland研究东南亚蕨类植物时,也肯定了安蕨属是一个自然分类群。以后,     

Taxonomic revision of Lepisorus （J. Sm.） Ching sect. Lepisorus （Polypodiaceae） from China

The taxonomy of Lepisorus （J. Sm.） Ching sect. Lepisorus in China was revised based on herbarium specimen examinations, field observations, and microscopic study of rhizome scales, soral paraphyses, leaf epidermis, and spores. As a result, nine species were recognized： Lepisorus macrosphaerus （Baker） Ching, Lepisorus asterolepis （Baker） Ching, Lepisorus marginatus Ching, Lepisorus kuchenensis （Y.C. Wu） Ching, Lepisorus megasorus （C. Chr.） Ching, Lepisorus kawakamii （Hayata） Tagawa, Lepisorus subsessilis Ching ＆ Y.X. Lin, Lepisorus affinis Ching, and Lepisorus nudus （Hook.） Ching. Lepisorus kawakamii （Hayata） Tagawa was reinstated; Lepisorus gyirongensis Ching ＆ S.K. Wu and Lepisorus longus Ching were reduced to synonyms ofL. nudus and L. affinis, respectively. The subdivision ofLepisorus macrosphaerus was not accepted. Rhizome scales and paraphyses are the most useful characters for species delimitation as well as for infrageneric classification. Characteristics of the leaf epidermis and spore ornamentation are usually stable and thus of great significance in understanding the relationships among groups within the genus.     

基于叶绿体基因rbcL和psbA-trnH间区探讨石杉科植物系统关系

关于石杉科Huperziaceae植物的分类,一直存在一些争议。在旧的分类体系中石杉科植物被包含在一个混合的石松科Lycopodiaceae和多谱系的石松属Lycopodium中。本文利用叶绿体rbcL基因和psbA-trnH基因间区序列探讨石杉科植物的系统位置及石杉科内部的分类关系,用最大简约法和邻接法对自测序列结合由GenBank下载的rbcL及psbA-trnH基因间区序列进行系统发育分析。结果显示,石杉科与Phylloglossum属关系较近,与石松科关系较疏远。在石杉科中热带石杉属Huperzia植物和马尾杉属Phlegmariurus植物的关系要比它们与其他石杉属植物更近。所以,我们的rbcL基因数据不支持秦仁昌关于石杉科分为石杉属和马尾杉属的分类处理。但是,因为我们的psbA-trnH序列没有包括热带种类,对石杉属植物和马尾杉属植物的关系无验证。因此需要更多的样品和序列数据进一步探讨石杉科的演化关系。     

Taxonomic revision of Lepisorus (J. Sm.) Ching sect. Lepisorus (Polypodiaceae) from China

The taxonomy of Lepisorus (J. Sm.) Ching sect. Lepisorus in China was revised based on herbarium specimen examinations, field observations, and microscopic study of rhizome scales, soral paraphyses, leaf epidermis and spores. As a result nine species were recognized: Lepisorus macrosphaerus (Baker) Ching, L. asterolepis (Baker) Ching, L. marginatus Ching, L. kuchenensis (Y. C. Wu) Ching, L. megasorus(C. Chr.) Ching, L. kawakamii (Hayata) Tagawa, L. subsessilis Ching & Y. X. Lin, L. affinis Ching and L. nudus (Hook.) Ching. Lepisorus kawakamii (Hayata) Tagawa was reinstated; L. gyirongensis Ching & S. K. Wu and L. longus Ching were reduced to synonyms of L. nudus and L. affinis respectively. The subdivision of L. macrosphaerusis was not accepted. Rhizome scales and paraphyses are the most useful characters for species delimitation as well as for infrageneric classification. Characteristics of the leaf epidermis and spore ornamentation are usually stable and thus of great significance in understanding the relationships among groups within the genus.