中国中生代鞘翅目化石研究现状

1923年A.W.Grabau通过对山东省莱阳盆地莱阳组早白垩世昆虫化石的研究,命名了我国第1种鞘翅目化石昆虫(Proteroscarabaeus yeni).此后,中国昆虫化石分类学者先后发表了40余篇关于我国中生代鞘翅目化石昆虫的分类论著,共描述鉴定了182种,涉及35科,137属.这些化石分布于12个省,其中三叠纪11个种,侏罗纪68个种,白垩纪103个种.本文通过图表列举出我国已发现的中生代鞘翅目化石昆虫名录以及它们的分布和年代,总结了国内中生代甲虫化石当前的研究状况,并初步分析了研究中存在的一些问题.另外本文还介绍了国外学者对于中国古昆虫学者所建立的4个新科提出的不同意见.     

山东莱阳鞘翅目化石

近几年来,随着地层古生物工作的进一步开展,在东亚中生代晚期非海相沉积地层中发现了大量的昆虫化石,其中,鞘翅目的种类十分丰富。这些化石产地主要分布于我国甘肃酒泉,山东莱阳,蒙古人民共和国前杭爱(Ubur-Khangai)安达呼都克(Anda-Khuduk—Odai Sair),南戈壁(south-Gobi)曼来(Manlay),戈壁阿尔泰(Gobi-Altai)伊赫埃斯努尔(Ikhesnur),苏联外贝加尔(Transbaikalia)拜萨(Baissa)。从已知生物地层的     

皮蠹科昆虫化石研究进展

皮蠹科化石主要发现于新生代波罗的海和多米尼加琥珀,以及中生代和新生代欧洲、北美等地的湖相遗迹化石中,近期在白垩纪缅甸琥珀中发现了大量皮蠹科化石。本文回顾了世界皮蠹科昆虫化石研究进展,统计了已发表的化石属种,探讨了皮蠹科昆虫化石分布的地质年代及地层,简要介绍了皮蠹科昆虫的分类系统,并提出了目前皮蠹科化石研究中有待解决的问题。     

山东莱阳白恶纪后期龟类化石

一.绪言本文记述的两种白垩纪龟类化石,是1951年前新生代及脊椎古生物研究室在山东莱阳采集的大批脊椎动物化石中的一部分,系刘东生与王存义两同志在莱阳的陡山及金刚口两处所发现。金刚口发现的仅一片肋甲;陡山的包括一异常完整的龟类甲壳与另一个体的一部分甲壳,前者为我国至目前为止所发现的中生代龟类化石中最完整的标本,在地层与地理分布上都有相当意义。     

山东蒙阴早白垩世青山组介形类

最早对山东中生代地层层序和时代进行系统调查研究的是谭锡畴先生(1923)。1923年,葛利普根据山东等地的淡水软体动物、鱼类、昆虫等化石和山东莱阳群的植物化石,确定了我国陆相“下白垩统”的存在。1942—1949年,经日本铃木好一重新研究     

山东莱阳晚白垩世恐龙蛋化石一新类型

山东莱阳是中国最早发现的含有丰富的晚白垩世恐龙及恐龙蛋化石产地。上个世纪50～60年代,周明镇(1951,1954)及杨钟健(1954,1959,1965)对莱阳首次发现的恐龙蛋化石进行了研究。1974年,赵资奎、蒋元凯在前人工作基础上,采用显微镜技术方法重新研究了莱阳恐龙蛋壳的显微结构,结果发现它们的显微结构有很大差异。根据赵资奎(1975)提出的恐龙蛋分类方法(Parataxonomy),将莱阳地区已发现的恐龙蛋分别归入圆形蛋科(spheroolithidae)、椭圆形蛋科(Ovaloolithidae)和长形蛋科(Elongatoolithidae)等3个科,共5个属12个种(赵资奎,1979,1993)。最近,大连自然博物馆在整理馆存的化石标本时,发现有4枚形状为扁圆形的恐龙蛋化石是1973年10月从山东莱阳将军顶采集到的。根据目前有关莱阳地区晚中生代地层划分修订的标准(胡承志等,2001),这些标本的出土层位应为上白垩统王氏群将军顶组。我们的初步观察表明,蛋化石的形状、大小及其蛋壳显微结构特征与上述已报道的莱阳恐龙蛋3个类群的明显不同,在此简单记述,以期对莱阳地区晚白垩世恐龙蛋群的综合研究提供些许资料。     

中国北方化石昆虫群的建立及其演化序列(英文)

作者几十年来已积累了众多的中国北方古生代晚期、中生代和第三纪的昆虫化石标本,对其长期的系统研究结果表明：中国北方昆虫化石演化序列可以划分为三个大的演化阶段,即古生代晚期、中生代和第三纪演化阶段,其中包含14个昆虫群虫和29个昆虫组合。这些昆虫群及其组会既反映了北方昆虫在地质历史上兴衰的发展规律,也为地层划分、对比与地质时代的鉴定提供了依据。     

山东莱阳晚侏罗世原始蠼螋化石（昆虫钢）的发现及其意义

描述了中国山东莱阳晚侏罗世的蠼螋化石３新２新属,分别隶属于２亚目１新科和１现生科。这些标本是中国已知的最石老的蠼螋化石,具有许多原始特征,在昆虫钢革翅目的系统发生中具有重要的意义。     

内蒙古伊克昭盟白垩系中弓鳍鱼科一新属

本文记述的标本是1960年底由内蒙古自治区地质局送交中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所鉴定的。化石产于薄层浅灰色泥质砂岩中,保存的尚称完好;在同一层位中还有介形虫、昆虫和植物化石。据李龙云同志说,这一层以下约50米处还产有龟化石。这些龟化石经笔者观察,其系统位置应归属于弓鳍鱼科(Amiidae)。我国华北中生代晚期地层中曾发现过中华弓鳍鱼     

中国异翅目化石研究现状

自1928年秉志命名了早白垩世山东莱阳盆地莱阳组的我国第1种异翅目化石昆虫(莱阳中蝽Mesolygaeus laiyangensis)以来,近30篇关于中国异翅目化石昆虫分类论著被发表,共记述我国异翅目化石昆虫22科85种.由于中国该类群化石没有被系统采集与研究,其中一些分类阶元的可靠性存在一定的问题.显然,目前对中国该类群化石昆虫的了解相当有限;大量的工作,甚至是最基础的分类研究亟待开展.     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒研究进展

传染性法氏囊病(Infection bursal disease, IBD)是由鸡传染性法氏囊病毒(Infectious bursal disease virus, IBDV)引起的鸡和火鸡的一种高度接触性传染病,给世界各国的禽养殖业带来了巨大损失.自IBDV发现至今新的变异株不断出现,分子结构的改变导致病毒致病力的改变及宿主对疫苗应答的改变,使得传统的疫苗已不能控制其流行,因此各国学者对其基因组结构和功能进行了广泛深入的研究,并积极研制新型有效的疫苗以达到防治的目的.     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.