人源性抗HBsAg Fab抗体的发酵生产研究

为了适应工业生产的需要,利用fed—batch方法,重组人源性抗HBsAg Fab抗体酵母工程菌在30L发酵罐中进行了高密度发酵,发酵最适温度30℃,pH值范围5．0～5．3,溶氧范围20％～30％。发酵液OD600值达到300时开始诱导,甲醇最佳诱导浓度为10mL／L。重组人源性抗HBsAg Fab抗体经离子交换层析纯化,纯化产品经SDS-PAGE、Western blot进行分析和ELISA方法进行活性测定。结果显示,重组Fab抗体在Fed-batch发酵系统中可高效表达,经过192h的发酵生产,重组人源性抗HBsAg Fab抗体的表达量可达412mg／L。发酵上清经过离子交换层析纯化,获得纯度为95％的重组Fab抗体,该Fab抗体经ELISA分析具有较高的HBsAg抗原亲和力和特异性。结果证实可以通过高密度发酵毕赤酵母工程菌来高效生产重组人源性抗HBsAg Fab抗体,为后续的工业化生产应用奠定了基础。     

人源性抗HBsAg抗体Fab段在酵母中的表达

通过分步整合的方式,将人源性抗乙肝表面抗原（HBsAg）抗体Fab的轻、重链基因分步整合到巴斯德毕赤（Pichia pastoris）酵母GS115菌株的染色体上,经甲醇诱导,成功地分泌表达出抗HBsAg抗体的Fab片段,表达量达50～80mg/L。ELISA结果显示重组酵母分泌表达出的Fab具有较强的结合HBsAg的能力。通过抗Fab的抗体柱亲和层析,纯化出了纯度较高的Fab产品。     

重组人小分子抗体ScFv-Fc发酵条件的优化及纯化

目的：研究重组人小分子抗体ScFv—Fc在毕赤酵母中分泌表达的最佳条件,以及ScFv—Fc的纯化方法。方法：分别从甲醇浓度、pH、诱导时间等方面对毕赤酵母重组菌株产生ScFv-Fc的发酵过程进行了优化;通过硫酸铵沉淀结合proteinA亲和层析柱,对ScFv—Fc的纯化方法进行了研究。结果：确定ScFv—Fc在毕赤酵母中分泌表达的最佳条件为：在pH5．2的条件下,以0．5％甲醇诱导72h。经过proteinA亲和层析柱纯化后,ScFv—Fc纯度可达94％以上。结论：确定了ScFv-Fe在毕赤酵母中分泌表达的最佳条件以及纯化方法,为重组抗体分子诊断、治疗试剂的开发以及抗体的人源化奠定了物质基础。     

重组人源性抗HBsAg Fab抗体的肽质量图谱分析

重组人源性抗HBsAg Fab抗体具有较好的特异性和抗原结合活性,为了更好的阐明毕赤 酵母表达的重组人源性抗HBsAg Fab抗体的性质,用基质辅助激光解析飞行时间质谱(MALDI- TOF-MS)对重组Fab抗体的分子质量和肽质量图谱进行了分析。结果显示,毕赤酵母表达的重组 人源性抗HBsAg Fab抗体的分子质量为50678．49Da,与根据其一级结构计算的理论分子质量相 比多2763．84 Da,显示酵母表达的重组Fab抗体为糖蛋白。用胰蛋白酶酶解重组Fab抗体后进行 MALDI-TOF-MS分析显示,大部分的酶解肽段均能检测出来。结果表明毕赤酵母表达的重组Fab 抗体与预期的结构一致。     

人源性抗bFGF单链抗体表达载体的构建与酵母表达

为了提高人源性抗bFGF抗体的表达量,从噬菌体抗体库筛选出的人源性抗bFGF抗体基因中亚克隆单链抗体(single chain fragment variable,ScFv)基因,并将其构建到酵母表达载体pPICZαA中。表达载体质粒经线性化后,电转化法转化至毕赤酵母GS115中,甲醇诱导表达。表达产物经镍离子亲和层析和阴离子交换层析纯化,并检测其生物学活性。酶切鉴定结果显示人源性的酵母表达载体构建成功。SDS-PAGE和Western blot结果显示,抗bFGF单链抗体获得了高效表达,表达量可达124mg/L,目的蛋白大小为36 kDa左右。通过两步纯化方案,目的蛋白的纯度可达95%以上。ELISA结果显示纯化的目的蛋白可与bFGF特异性结合。CCK8检测结果显示,纯化的抗bFGF单链抗体可剂量依赖性地抑制人肺腺癌细胞株A549的增殖。研究结果表明在毕赤酵母中可获得人源性抗bFGF单链抗体高效表达,表达产物具有很好的生物学活性。     

一种融合抗体ScFv-Fc通用表达载体的构建

为了构建一个可供自由替换的ScFv区,表达人小分子融合抗体ScFv-Fc的通用载体,利用RT-PCR技术扩增人抗体IgG1的Fc片段克隆至毕赤酵母表达载体pPICZα,将一段人工合成的互补寡核苷酸链插入重组载体pPICZα/Fc中Fc区的上游,引入2个可供小分子抗体ScFv-Fc的ScFv区自由替换的限制性酶切位点。分别扩增人抗狂犬病毒以及抗乙型肝炎表面抗原的ScFv片段,克隆至已构建的通用载体pPICZα/Fc,在毕赤酵母中诱导表达。进一步在1L条件下对活性抗体进行发酵,并利用protein A亲和层析柱进行纯化。应用酵母基因组PCR、ELISA、Western blotting、活性检测等试验对此小分子抗体的表达进行生物学及免疫学分析。结果表明具有狂犬病毒抗原结合活性以及乙肝表面抗原结合活性的人源抗体分子均获得成功表达,1L发酵条件下表达量达到20~30mg/L, protein A亲和层析纯化后纯度＞95%。研究构建了可用于功能性抗体分子ScFv-Fc筛选和表达的通用载体并对其发酵、纯化条件进行了摸索,为重组抗体分子诊断、治疗试剂的开发以及抗体的人源化奠定了物质基础。     

人源性抗TNFα小分子抗体的改构和分析

在获得人源性抗人TNF α单链抗体 (ScFv)基因序列的基础上 ,对ScFv的连接肽部分进行基因改造 ,并构建了Fab抗体基因。改构前后的ScFv分别重组入表达载体pBV2 2 0 ,经 42℃热诱导 ,在E .coliDH5α中表达了ScFv蛋白 ,得到分子量约为 30kD的重组蛋白质 ,改构前后ScFv的表达量分别占菌体总蛋白质的 6 .5 %和13 .8%。同时构建Fab可溶性表达载体并转化非抑制型菌株HB2 15 1,经IPTG诱导 ,在约 5 0kD分子量处呈现一条新生蛋白质条带。从大肠杆菌裂解液中对ScFv进行了复性和层析纯化 ,对Fab基因的表达产物进行了亲和层析纯化 ,并证实 :(1)改构后ScFv在大肠杆菌中的表达量有所提高 ;(2 )改构前后的ScFv与Fab均具有与hTNF α相结合的活性 ,具有GGGGS连接肽的ScFv与hTNF α的亲和常数为 6 .70× 10 4 (mol/L) -1,而改构后具有(GGGGS) 3 连接肽的ScFv的亲和常数提高为 7.2 7× 10 5(mol/L) -1,Fab与hTNF α的亲和常数为 7.6 1× 10 5(mol/L) -1,Fab与改构后ScFv的亲和力无明显差异 ;(3)ScFv与Fab均有中和hTNF α细胞毒的作用 ,具有(GGGGS) 3 连接肽的ScFv与Fab的中和活性基本相同 ,但均明显低于一株鼠源性单抗     

抗甲肝病毒基因工程单抗分离纯化与鉴定

为克服血源免疫球蛋白制品的不足,开发了抗甲肝病毒基因工程单克隆抗体anti-HAV IgG。用无血清培养基培养rCHO工程细胞株,上清液经过rProtein A SFF亲和层析→脱盐→离子交换层析→超滤换液纯化后,所得anti-HAV IgG纯度达99%以上,比活性约100IU/mg,anti-HAV IgG活性回收率40%。所纯化的anti-HAV IgG分子量150kD,等电点8.4～9.3。免疫印迹实验证实anti-HAV IgG为人源全抗体分子。亲和层析介质rProtein A SFF确实存在亲和配基脱落问题,但通过后续纯化步骤可有效除去。在亲和层析过程中加入高盐清洗步骤,可有效降低宿主DNA残留量水平。对样品中自由巯基含量进行了测定,认为非还原电泳图谱中低分子量条带是由于抗体分子内存在自由巯基引起。用该工艺制备的anti-HAV IgG各项纯度检测指标均达到我国对基因工程产品的质量要求。     

大肠杆菌表达的单链抗体柱复性的研究

对包含体表达的抗乙肝病毒表面抗原（HBsAg）的单链抗体（ScFv）纯化复性进行了探索.尝试了利用金属螯合亲和层析和凝胶层析柱进行柱上在位复性的可行性. 对包含体表达的ScFv进行透析复性与柱复性,比较其相对复性率及蛋白质回收率,发现柱上复性效果优于传统的透析复性.抗HBsAg ScFv经凝胶色谱Sephacyl S-200柱复性的相对复性率为98%, 蛋白质回收率为81%.由于将纯化复性同步进行,简化了操作程序,提高了产品的回收率.     

大肠杆菌表达的单链抗体柱复性的研究

对包含体表达的抗乙肝病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)的单链抗体(ScFv)纯化复性进行了探索.尝试了利用金属螯合亲和层析和凝胶层析柱进行柱上在位复性的可行性. 对包含体表达的ScFv进行透析复性与柱复性,比较其相对复性率及蛋白质回收率,发现柱上复性效果优于传统的透析复性.抗HBsAg ScFv经凝胶色谱Sephacyl S-200柱复性的相对复性率为98%, 蛋白质回收率为81%.由于将纯化复性同步进行,简化了操作程序,提高了产品的回收率.     

六种藓类植物茎的比较解剖学研究

通过对6种藓类植物,即褶叶青藓(Brachythecium salebrosum(Web.et Mohr.)B.S.G.)、湿地匐灯藓(Plagiomnium acutum(Lindb.)Kop.)、侧枝匐灯藓(Plagiomnium maximoviczii(Lindb.)Kop.)、大凤尾藓(Fissidensnobilis Griff.)、大羽藓(Thuidium cymbifolium(Doz.et Molk.)B.S.G.)和大灰藓(Hypnum plumaeforme Wils.)嫩茎和老茎的石蜡切片和显微观察发现,同一藓类植株的嫩茎和老茎,茎结构稳定,不同种藓类植物茎横切面具有不同特征.植物体茎横切面形状、表层细胞的层数、细胞大小和细胞壁厚薄、皮层细胞大小和形状、中轴的有无以及比例等特征可以作为藓类植物的分科分类依据之一.     

Cause of Senescence of Nine Sorts of Flowers

The levels of endogenous phytohormones and respiratory rate in nine sorts of flowers such as Cymbidium faberi Rolfe, Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth and others were investigated both at full bloom and senescence and meanwhile the effect of exogenous phytohormones on prolonging the blossoms and promoting ethylene production were tested. There is a high content of endogenous ethylene in all the long-lived flowere, about 3–16 folds higer than the short-lived ones. There is a high level of ABA at full blooming flowers of short-lived flowers, in which there is no or only some cytokinins in it, but the ratio of CTK (6BA+zeatin)/ABA is smaller(l.7). The endogenous ABA reached a much higher level at senescence in all nine sorts of flowers, so it is reasonable to consider that it is ABA which plays an important role of regulation in controlling flower's senescence. There is a much higher level of GA3 and zeatin in the long-lived flowers which is not demonstrated in the shortlived ones. The respiratory rate is one of the factors controtling the longevity of flowers, but it does not play a decided role. Application of 6BA and zeatin prolongs distinctly orchid’s longevity, however exogenous IAA through the promotive action on ethylene production, evidently extends the longevity of the flowers of the Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth.     

Photoregulation of seed germination of wild-type and of an aurea-mutant of tomato

Seed germination of an aurea mutant of tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is promoted by continuous irradiation with red, far-red or long-wavelength far-red (758 nm) light as well as by cyclic irradiations (5 min red or 5 min far-red/25 min darkness). Far-red light applied immediately after each red does not change the germination behaviour. Seed germination of the isogenic wild-type, cv. UC-105, is promoted by continuous and cyclic red light while it is inhibited by continuous and cyclic far-red light and by continious 758 nm irradiation. Far-red irradiation reverses almost completely the promoting effect of red light. The promoting effect (in the aurea mutant) and the inhibitory effect (in the wild-type) of continuous far-red light do not show photon fluence rate dependency above 20 nmol m⁻² s⁻¹. It is concluded that phytochrome controls tomato seed germination throgh low energy responses in both the wild type and the au mutant. The promoting effect of continuous and cyclic far-red light in the au mutant can be attributed to a greater sensitivity to P_fr.     

真菌类遗传学分析的知识结构教学

本文以认知结构理论为指导,讨论了真菌类遗传分析与高等动植物遗传分析的内在联系,认为利用这种内在联系进行教学可收到好的效果并说明了作者的具体教学过程。 Abstract:In the paper, the relationship between genetic analysis of Fungi and genetic analysis of high animal and plant was discussed.A good results were obtained when we adopted this method in the teaching.     

龙胆科药用植物化学成分的研究现状

龙胆科植物在我国的分布范围很广,且多数为药用植物,其多数种属的药用植物,至今其化学成分尚未被系统研究。综述了目前龙胆科药用植物的化学成分的研究现状及一般提取方法,对近年来发现的环烯醚萜及裂环烯醚萜类化合物进行了总结,为本科药用植物的更深入研究提供了参考。     

The effects of glutamine of the maintenance of embryogenic cultures of Cryptomeria japonica

Summary Embryogenic tissues of sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) were induced on a modified Campbell and Durzan (CD) medium containing 1 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 600 mg l⁻¹ glutamine, and subcultured in the medium of the same composition for over 1 yr. This resulted in a mixed culture of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells. When embryogenic cells were isolated and cultured independently, their capacity to form embryogenic aggregates was lost. Thus, the non-embryogenic cells present within a mixed culture system were essential to the formation of embryogenic aggregates. When embryogenic tissues were isolated and cultured independently on a high glutamine-containing (2400 mg l⁻¹) medium, dry weights and endogenous levels of glutamine increased, and the tissue could generate a large number of embryogenic aggregates. Amino acid analysis of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells from the maintenance culture indicated a higher level of glutamine was present in the latter. The high endogenous level of glutamine in the non-embryogenic portion of mixed cell masses may be the supplier of glutamine for maintaining the embryogenic property of the tissues.     

Specificity of action of piperidylcholine derivatives as substrates of cholinesterases of various origin

The review deals with study of enzymologic properties of a novel highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate, N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium iodomethylate (“piperidylcholine”), and its 30 derivatives that were tested as effectors of cholinesterases of mammals and various species of Pacific squids. It was proven for the first time that responsible for specificity of action was structure of cyclic ammonium grouping of the alcohol part of molecule of the ester substrate. Analysis of specificity is performed based on enzymatic hydrolysis parameters—activity of catalytic center of cholinesterases and bimolecular constant of the reaction rate that are determined at optimal and low substrate concentrations. Among the specially synthesized group of thioester compounds there is revealed one more highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate—N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium.     

Interconnection of parameters of regulation system of lipid peroxidation and of morphophysiological parameters of mouse liver

A complex analysis of seasonal fluctuations of the mean group parameters of the system of regulation of lipid peroxidation has been performed in liver of Balb/c mice. Association of lipid characteristics and morphophysiological parameters is studied in the Balb/c mouse liver. An inter-connection is revealed between the liver index and the amount of lysoforms of phospholipids, the scale and character of the interconnection differing essentially depending on proportion of phos-phatidylcholine in mouse liver phospholipids.