不同类型磁场对细胞作用的生物学研究

本文就不同参数的磁场的细胞生物学效应研究进行了综述,总结了不同类型不同物理参数的磁场对细胞生物学效应的研究成果,结合实验结果对磁场生物学效应的可能物理机制进行了初步探讨,并对磁场的细胞生物学效应的研究前景进行了展望。     

ELF磁场对3T3细胞生长的影响及其机理的探讨

用细胞分析成像光盘记录系统测量了3T3细胞在某些ELF磁场和温度条件下生长周期的变化.实验结果表明,只有某些频率的ELF磁场才对细胞生长产生影响,磁场对细胞生长的影响还与培养细胞的生化环境有关.温度和ELF磁场都能影响细胞的生长.但二者的机理是不一样的,当撤除ELF磁场后,细胞在短时间内(2天以上)继续保持着ELF场对其生长的影响.而细胞生长周期能在短时间内(2天以内)随着温度的变化而变化.温度引起的细胞生长的变化可能与细胞内的各种生长因子、生物离子的活性有关.ELF磁场引起的细胞生长的变化可能与ELF磁场对细胞膜的影响有关,与细胞内细胞生长必不可少的生物离子(如Ca~(2+))的浓度有关.     

不同类型磁场对细胞作用的生物学研究

本文就不同参数的磁场的细胞生物学效应研究进行了综述 ,总结了不同类型不同物理参数的磁场对细胞生物学效应的研究成果 ,结合实验结果对磁场生物学效应的可能物理机制进行了初步探讨 ,并对磁场的细胞生物学效应的研究前景进行了展望。     

心肌细胞自律性与磁场、液晶的关系及临床研究

心肌细胞的自动节律功能,一直是医学界研究的一个重要课题。笔结合临床病理生理学,粗略地探讨了磁场、液晶、细胞生命体在自动节律性中的地位及其相互的关系。从生物磁学的角度,在磁场、液晶、生命体的层次上,又作了进一步的研讨,似乎为临床病生理研究,提供了又一较富魅力的空间。希望在临床病症研究上更具实力的人们,能够建立一个更新、更充实的操作平台。     

磁场改善人体微循环

微循环是直接参与组织和细胞的物质、能量、信息传递的血液、淋巴液、组织液的流动。磁场改善微循环,治百病。本文还探讨了磁场善微循环的机制。     

强恒磁场对红豆杉细胞分裂和紫杉醇含量的影响

研究了磁场对红豆杉细胞分裂和紫杉醇含量的影响。结果表明,0.4T磁场处理3,4d对红豆杉细胞活力无显著性影响;各实验组中,预培养3d,磁场处理3d,细胞分裂指数提高了162％;加入诱导子后,紫杉醇含量较对照提高115％。     

开路电磁体磁场的研究

对开路电磁体的端面磁场进行了研究。获得了预期的结果。直流电磁体的端面磁场为175．0mT,交流电磁体的端面磁场为150．0mT,脉动全波整流电磁体的端面磁场为170．0mT。音乐磁场在60．120mT之间摆动。     

磁场的生物学效应及其机理的研究

本就不同参数的磁场的生物学效应研究进行了综述,总结了磁场对生命体整体、组织、器官、细胞直至生物大分子层面上的研究成果,并结合实验结果对磁场生物学效应的可能物理机制进行了初步探讨,并对磁场生物学效应的研究前景进行了展望。     

恒定磁场对小鼠空间记忆形成的影响

目的：探讨不同照射时间的恒定磁场作用对小鼠空间记忆形成的影响.方法：应用水迷宫学习模型测定并对比4小时恒定磁场照射组、3小时恒定磁场照射组、2小时恒定磁场照射组和无磁场照射的正常对照组动物的空间记忆能力.结果：水迷宫学习训练的实验表明：第一个训练日中,4小时磁场处理组动物与正常对照组比较,动物到达水下平台所需时间延长,且具有显著性差异（P〈0.05）;3小时磁场处理组与正常对照组比较,动物到达水下平台所需时间缩短,且具有显著性差异（P〈0.05）;第二个训练日中,2小时或3小时磁场处理组与正常对照组比较,动物到达水下平台所需时间延长,且均具有显著性差异（P〈0.05）.第三、四、五连续3个训练日中,3组磁场处理组动物到达水下平台所需的时间与正常对照组相比较均不具有显著性差异（P〉0.05）.结论：一定时间的磁场处理对小鼠空间记忆的形成有促进或损伤作用,究竟是促进还是损伤有可能取决于一个作用“窗口”问题.     

开路电磁体磁场的研究

对开路电磁体的端面磁场进行了研究。获得了预期的结果。直流电磁体的端面磁场为 1 75 .0mT ,交流电磁体的端面磁场为 1 5 0 .0mT ,脉动全波整流电磁体的端面磁场为 1 70 .0mT。音乐磁场在 60～1 2 0mT之间摆动     

音乐治疗效应的动物实验研究

近年来国内外关于音乐治疗效应的动物实验研究认为：音乐能影响动物的情绪;音乐还对动物的免疫功能、学习及记忆能力、以及动物的神经系统结构和功能等均有一定影响。该领域的研究有利于深入探索音乐疗法的作用机理。     

Time on task effects on safety

Reviewing the literature on time on task effects on safety shows contradictory evidence, especially with regard to 12 h shifts. It is argued that this might depend on methodological problems associated with the analysis of accident data, e.g. selectivity of samples, validity of data bases and study designs, especially for analyses at the company level. Analyses of aggregated data seem to indicate an exponential increase of accident risk with time on task beyond the normal working day. This is supported by some recent studies based on data from the Federal Republic of Germany.     

Perspectives on hair evolution based on some comparative studies on vertebrate cornification

Hair evolution contributed to the biological success of mammals. Hair origin from synapsid scales is speculative and requires extensive modifications of the morphogenetic process transforming lens-shaped dermis of scales into small dermal papillae in hair. Hair evolution from glands is hypothetical but is supported from studies on the signaling control of hair vs. glandular morphogenesis. Based on immunocytochemical and comparative studies, it is hypothesized that the onion-like organization of hair derived from glandular pegs which central part produced lipids and some keratin. In a following stage, involucrin, trichohyalin, and keratins were produced in the central cells of the gland and formed a solid medulla surrounded by keratinocytes of the inner root sheath. The origin of this protohair was possibly related to increased concentration of beta-catenin and other signaling molecules in epithelial cells following the evolution of a dermal papilla. The latter activated the keratogenic genes, already utilized in cells of the claws, in concentric layers of cells of the glandular peg. Lipidogenic genes were depressed. As new genes evolved in the genome of synapsids, new circular layers of keratinocytes containing specialized hard keratins and keratin-associated proteins were formed around medullary cells. The new keratinocytes probably originated the cortex separating medulla from the external cells that became the inner root sheath. The hypothesis indicates that in a following stage, the medulla was obliterated or replaced by cortical cells while the external part of the cortex formed a cuticular surface due to the different growth rate with inner root sheath cells.     

热带气旋对红树林的影响研究进展——基于文献计量分析

红树林在防风消浪、促淤保滩、固岸护堤等方面发挥重要的作用,是抵御台风、风暴潮、海岸侵蚀等自然灾害的重要天然屏障。热带气旋是红树林面临的最主要自然威胁之一,削弱了红树林对自然灾害的抵御及生物多性维持等功能发挥。然而,尽管热带气旋对红树林的影响日益受到全球的广泛关注,但缺乏对该领域研究进展的系统分析和总结。以Web of science核心集数据库为数据源,利用CiteSpace软件对1995—2021年间热带气旋对红树林影响研究进行文献计量分析和可视化图谱绘制,以厘清该领域研究的现状、趋势和热点,并揭示未来的发展方向。研究表明：（1）该领域研究年发文量随时间处于波动上升的趋势,尤其2013年后迅速增加,表明该领域的研究日益受到重视;（2）美国、澳大利亚和印度等国家在该领域的研究走在前列,美国的中介中心性最高,其次是德国,美国广泛地与德国、法国、日本等许多国家有密切合作;（3）美国佛罗里达、加勒比地区、澳大利亚北部和印度南部等是当前研究的热点区域;（4）研究热点随时间推移而不断发展,从红树林植被的干扰损害逐渐发展到固碳储碳、海岸防护等功能的影响。全球变化背景下热带气旋对红树林的影响、红树林对热带气旋干扰的弹性、基于遥感和大数据处理的模型模拟等日益受到关注,量化热带气旋对红树林功能的影响、探明热带气旋与海平面上升的关系及对红树林影响、构建完善的观测体系数据集等将是未来研究的重要方向。研究对长期关于热带气旋对红树林影响的研究进展进行定量和可视化分析,可为预测热带气旋对红树林的影响和风险、及减缓和应对其风险等研究提供借鉴参考。     

Studies on Biosynthesis on Biotin by Microorganisms

The accumulation of biotin-vitamers in the culture media of a large number of microorganisms (about 700 strains) was studied. The contents of the biotin-vitamers were quantitatively determined by microbiological assays with Lactobacillus arabinosus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

It was found that large amounts of biotin-vitamers were accumulated by various microorganisms such as Streptomyces, molds and bacteria, and that the yield of biotin-vitamers was enhanced by the addition of pimelic acid or azelaic acid to the media. It was also found that the main portion of the vitamers accumulated by many microorganisms did not support the growth of Lactobacillus arabinosus, while it did support that of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The small amounts of true biotin were observed in the culture media of various Streptomyces and molds, but hardly in the culture media of bacteria.

The identification of biotin-vitamers accumulated by various microorganisms is described, and the distribution of the vitamers in microorganisms is also described.

The results presented in this paper show that the main component of the vitamers accumulated by many microorganisms is identified as desthiobiotin by anion exchange column chromatography, paper chromatography and chemical analysis. Small amounts of fraction B (unidentified vitamers) and Fraction D (biotin) were also detected in the culture media of various molds and Streptomyces. However, these fractions were not observed in the culture media of any bacteria tested.

It was also found that large amounts of an unknown biotin-vitamer was accumulated by various bacteria. The vitamer was avidin-uncombinable, and, from the paper electrophoretic studies, it was assumed that the vitamer might be an analogue of pelargonic acid.