缺氧—再给氧刺激培养的脑微血管内皮细胞表达细胞间粘附分子—1

在缺氧－再给氧条件下,观察了体外分离培养的大鼠脑微血管内皮细胞表面粘附分子ＩＣＡＭ－１的表达及中性粒细胞与内皮细胞粘附作用的改变。结果表明,单纯缺氧１０ｈ不引起内皮细胞ＩＣＡＭ－１的上调,再给氧６ｈＩ－ＣＡＭ－１的表达升高（Ｐ＜０．０１）,再给氧１２ｈ表达量增加了１００％（Ｐ＜０．０１）,此时中性粒细胞与内皮细胞的粘附作用也明显增强（Ｐ＜０．０１）。缺氧前用盐酸川芎嗪（２ｍｇ／ｍｌ）预处理内皮细胞可阻断ＩＣＡＭ－１的表达（Ｐ＜０．０１）,同时也可降低ＰＭＮ与内皮细胞的粘附（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结果提示,脑微血管内皮细胞在缺氧－再给氧刺激下可自身调节Ｉ－ＣＡＭ－１的表达,为中性粒细胞与内皮细胞的粘附提供特异的结合位点。     

脑缺血／再灌流脑微血管内皮细胞ELAM—1和ICAM—1mRNA表达的研究

目的：探讨ELAM-1和ICAM-1在局部脑缺血/再灌流炎性反应过程中的作用。方法：采用厅局级龙线栓堵大脑中动脉造成局部脑缺血/再灌流模型,用RT-PCR方法检测缺血侧脑组织缺血/再灌流不同时间点ELAM-1和ICAM-1mRNA的表达。结果：假手术组脑组织未见ELAM-1和ICAM-1mRNA的表达,手术组非缺血侧脑组织仅见少量表达。脑缺血/再灌流后1h,缺血侧脑组织ELAM-1和ICAM-1mRNA的表达量已开始升高;再灌流后3h,ICAM-1mRNA的上调达高峰,而ELAM-1mRNA的上调在缺血/再灌流后6h达高峰,且持续至缺血/再灌流后48h。结论：EL-AM-1和ICAM-1参与了局部缺血再灌流脑组织损伤的病理过程。二者在白细胞进入缺血区脑组织的病理过程中发挥着重要作用。     

ICAM在着床期小鼠PBLC及EC/DC中表达的研究(英文)

细胞粘附分子（ＣＡＭ）可介导细胞间及细胞与间质之间的相互作用并传导信息,参与机体胚胎发育、免疫调节、炎症反应、组织修复及肿瘤转移等生理和病理过程。细胞间粘附分子１（ＩＣＡＭ１）是主要的ＣＡＭ分子之一,可表达于活化的细胞,内皮细胞等。人膜是母体与胚胎滋养层直接接触的特殊组织、已发现蜕膜细胞在着床过程中参与了局部免疫耐受的形成,但对着床期ＩＣＡＭ１在蜕膜细胞表达的动态研究鲜见报道。本研究采用免疫荧光、多参数流式细胞术,分别从整体和局部角度、着床过程中外周血淋巴细胞（ＰＢＬＣ）及子宫内膜／蜕膜（ＥＣ／ＤＣ）细胞ＩＣＡＭ１的不同表达特点进行了动态观察和对比性分析。结果发现,ＩＣＡＭ１在着床期ＰＢＬＣ及ＥＣ／ＤＣ中的表达均存在明显的动态变化（Ｔａｂ．１;Ｆｉｇｓ．１＆２）。ＩＣＡＭ１在ＰＢＬＣ中的表达于妊娠第一天（Ｄ１）即开始降低,Ｄ２降至最低;与此不同,ＩＣＡＭ１在ＥＣ／ＤＣ中的表达于Ｄ２开始降低,Ｄ４降至最低,Ｄ５开始恢复,但尚未恢复到对照水平。结果表明,ＩＣＡＭ１在蜕膜局部的表达调节方式不同于外周血;ＩＣＡＭ１表达阳性的外周血,淋巴细胞和蜕膜细胞均代表着活化的功能性细胞,这些细胞表面ＩＣＡＭ     

人参二酵组皂甙对缺血-再灌注脑组织超微结构及NOS的影响

目的：研究人参二醇组皂甙（ＰＤＳ）对大鼠脑缺血－再灌注海马超微结构、皮层和海马一氧化氮合酶（ＮＯＳ）活性的影响。方法：双侧颈总动脉阻断和再灌注建立脑缺血－再灌流模型,电镜技术和ＮＡＤＰＨ－ｄ组织化学技术。结果：电镜观察可见,缺血３０ｍｉｎ再灌注２ｈ大鼠海马超微结构发生缺血性病理改变,ＰＤＳ对缺血脑组织病理变化有显著保护作用。ＮＡＤＰＨ－ｄ组织化学实验表明,脑缺血１５ｍｉｎ和再灌注２４ｈ后,皮层及海马ＮＯＳ阳性细胞数目显著增多,ＰＤＳ可显著抑制此增多。结论：ＰＤＳ可通过降低脑内ＮＯＳ的活性,减少脑缺血－再灌注过程中ＮＯ的产生,对缺血脑组织产生保护作用     

人参二酶组皂甙对缺血—再灌注脑组织超微结构及NOS的影响

目的：研究人参二醇组皂甙（ＰＤＳ）对大鼠脑缺血－再灌注海马超微结构、皮层和海马一氧化氮合酶（ＤＮＯ）活性的影响。方法：双侧颈总动脉阻断和再灌注建立脑缺血－再灌流模型,电镜技术和ＮＡＤＰＨ－ｄ组织化学技术。结果：电镜观察可见,缺血３０ｍｉｎ再灌注２ｈ大鼠海马超微结构发生缺血性病理改变,ＰＤＳ对缺血脑组织病变化有显著保护作用。ＮＡＤＰＨ－ｄ组织化学实验表明,脑缺血１５ｍｉｎ和再灌注２４ｈ后,皮层海马Ｎ     

抗氧化剂和糖皮质激素抑制缺氧／复氧时肾小球血管内皮细胞ICAM—1的表达

细胞间粘附分子 1(Ｉｎｔｅｒｃｅｌｌｕｌａｒａｄｈｅｓｉｏｎｍｏｌｅｃｕｌｅ ｌ,ＩＣＡＭ 1)主要在内皮细胞表达 ,作为白细胞 β2 整合素家族的配体在中性粒细胞与内皮细胞紧密结合和随后进入缺血组织中起重要作用。通过降低ＩＣＡＭ 1的表达会减轻缺血 /再灌注损伤 ,这点已在多个脏器的动物实验中得到证实。已有研究发现糖皮质激素和抗氧化剂 ,能降低细胞因子刺激下升高的ＩＣＡＭ 1,本研究旨在探讨抗氧化剂二硫代氨基甲酸吡咯烷 (ｐｙｒｒｏｌｉｄｉｎｅｄｉｔｈｉｏｃａｒｂａｍａｔｅ ,ＰＤＴＣ)和糖皮质激素中的地塞米松 (Ｄｅｘ…     

当归对高脂血清所致ECV_(304)细胞损伤的保护作用

实验观察了高脂血清对培养的人脐静脉内皮细胞（ＥＣＶ３０４）的损伤及传统中药当归的保护作用,以探讨当归的抗动脉粥样硬化作用及其可能机制。培养人脐静脉内皮细胞,以高脂血清作损伤因子,用扫描电镜观察细胞的超微结构,分光光度法检测细胞培养液中一氧化氮（ＮＯ）的含量,免疫细胞化学方法检测细胞表面细胞间粘附分子－１（ＩＣＡＭ－１）、碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（ｂＦＧＦ）及转化生长因子β１（ＴＧＦβ１）的表达。与高脂血清孵育２４ｈ后,内皮细胞的超微结构明显收损,且细胞表面ＩＣＡＭ－１、ｂＦＧＦ的表达明显增加,而细胞培养液中ＮＯ的量及细胞表达ＴＧＦβ１明显减少。加入当归后,高脂血清对内皮细胞的这些作用均可被逆转。当归对内皮细胞中ＩＣＡＭ－１、ｂＦＧＦ、ＴＧＦβ１及ＮＯ表达改变的影响可能与其抗动脉粥样硬化的作用有关。     

野生型p53基因对内皮细胞细胞间粘附分子-1表达的影响

细胞间粘附分子－１（ＩＣＡＭ－１）是介导白细胞与内皮细胞粘附的重要粘附分子．为研究野生型ｐ５３基因对内皮细胞ＩＣＡＭ－１表达的影响,分别采用流式细胞术和ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ／ＨＰＬＣ方法测定ＩＣＡＭ－１蛋白及ｍＲＮＡ水平．静息状态的内皮细胞表面结构性地表达有少量的ＩＣＡＭ－１,在肿瘤坏死因子α（ＴＮＦα,１０～１０００Ｕ／ｍｌ）诱导下,其表达呈剂量依赖性增加．将ｐ５３基因导入内皮细胞,则显著抑制ＴＮＦα诱导的内皮细胞表面ＩＣＡＭ－１的表达．ｐ５３基因的导入对静息状态内皮细胞表面结构性表达的ＩＣＡＭ－１影响较小．ｐ５３基因主要通过降低ＩＣＡＭ－１的ｍＲＮＡ水平而抑制内皮细胞表面ＩＣＡＭ－１的表达,但对蛋白的抑制程度小于对ｍＲＮＡ的抑制程度．提示：ｐ５３基因对内皮细胞ＩＣＡＭ－１表达的影响除转录水平控制外,还存在转录后水平的调控     

大鼠脑缺血区细胞间粘附分子ICAM-1表达和LFA-1阳性细胞浸润的研究

研究粘附分子和白细胞与脑缺血／再灌流损伤的病理联系,运用原位杂交和免疫组化技术对36只SD大鼠脑缺血区细胞间粘附分子（ICAM－1）表达和淋巴细胞机能相关抗原（LFA－1）阳性细胞浸润进行了观察。结果显示,脑缺血区的毛细胞血管内皮细胞表达ICAM－1 mRNA发生于脑缺血1h,在脑缺血1h／再灌流8h达到高峰。而脑缺血区毛细血管ICAM－1蛋白质的表达则发生于脑缺血1h／再灌流2h,高峰出现于脑缺血1h／再灌流16h,LFA－1阳性细胞在脑缺血区的聚集发生在脑缺血1h,并随再灌流时间延长,其聚集数量逐渐增加。结果提示,脑缺血／再灌流能诱导缺血区的血管内皮细胞表达ICAM－1 mRNA和蛋白质,进而导致白细胞在脑缺血区的浸润,此可能是脑缺血／再灌流损伤的病理机制之一。     

Ephrin-B2促进大鼠局灶脑缺血再灌注后VEGF表达及血管新生

目的:探讨Ephrin-B2对大鼠脑缺血再灌注后脑组织中血管新生的调节作用及其可能的机制。方法:雄性SD大鼠随机分为正常组及、缺血再灌注组及Ephrin-B2干预组,后两组再分为4天、7天、14天、28天亚组;线栓法制备局灶性大脑中动脉缺血再灌注模型;改良神经功能评分(modified neurological severity scores mNSS)评分法对各时间点模型进行评分;Western blot及荧光定量PCR检测缺血脑组织中血管内皮生长因子(Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor VEGF)的表达;以免疫荧光双标法定位VEGF表达的细胞类型;以CD31+BrdU计数缺血半暗带中新生微血管密度(microvessel densityMVD)。结果:Ephrin-B2干预组与缺血再灌注组各时间点亚组比较,新生微血管密度测定计数较缺血再灌注组均显著增加(P0.05),神经功能评分均显著降低(P0.05),VEGF mRNA水平及蛋白表达水平均显著增加(P0.05),VEGF主要表达于CD31阳性的血管内皮细胞。结论:Ephrin-B2通过上调VEGF的表达促进脑缺血再灌注后缺血半暗带血管新生,从而促进神经功能缺失的修复。     

大鼠脑缺血再灌注血管壁NOS和ICAM-1的表达

一氧化氮（NO）和一氧化氮合酶（NOS）与脑血管功能有重要关系,细胞间粘附分子1（ICAM－1）可由脑缺血／再灌注诱导产生并与脑组织损伤密切相关,本实验用免疫组织化学和NADPH－d酶组织化学方法,观察了SD大鼠实验性脑缺血再灌注内皮细胞ICAM－1和NOS的表达,结果显示正常对照组大鼠脑血管ICAM－1免疫组织化学显色为阴性或弱阳性反应,再灌注2h,ICAM－1阳性反应明显增强,与对照组相比,P＜0.01。随再灌注至16h,ICAM－1表达增加近一倍。脑缺血1h缺血侧侧脑血管壁开始出现NOS的阳性表达,与对照组相比,P＜0.01,再灌注2h,NOS表达最多,随后逐渐下降,结果提示脑缺血再灌注与ICAM－1和NOS表达升高有关。     

几种不同刺激对血管内白细胞粘附的影响

目的：研究几种刺激引起白细胞与内皮细胞粘附的变化。方法：本实验采用脉冲电刺激、缺血再灌、内毒素和白介素-8等物理或药物的作用,观察大鼠肠系膜细静脉内白细胞粘附及白细胞和血管内皮粘附之间的差别。结果：缺血再灌、内毒素、内毒素、脉冲电刺激和白介纱-8（IL-8）作用后肠系膜细静脉白细胞粘附数量比正常组明显增多,IL-8用药后30min细静脉内白细胞粘附数量最多、缺血再灌、内毒素、脉冲电刺激后白细胞粘附数量大致相同。结论：缺血再灌、内毒素、脉冲电刺激能诱导白细胞的粘附作用。造成内皮损伤,IL-8诱导白细胞的粘附作用最强。     

Post-ischemic transcriptional and translational responses of EC-SOD in mouse brain and serum

Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) is neuroprotective, but its role in cerebral ischemia remains to be determined. We herein describe the topographical localization and quantitative changes in EC-SOD and its mRNA expression following cerebral ischemia in mice. Mice were subjected to transient forebrain ischemia and varied intervals of reperfusion. The measurements of EC-SOD using ELISA showed increased brain EC-SOD after 24 h of reperfusion and an increase in EC-SOD brain/serum ratio after 3 h. The immunohistochemical examination in normal mice showed strong EC-SOD immunoreactivity in the choroid plexus, pia mater, and ventral tuberal area of the hypothalamus. EC-SOD immunoreactivity in cortical and striatal capillary wall was conspicuous after 3 h. EC-SOD immunoreactivity was also noted in cortical neurons after 24 h. Northern blot analysis showed an increased EC-SOD mRNA expression in the brain after 24 h. An in situ hybridization study in normal mice demonstrated the mRNA expression of EC-SOD in choroid plexus and neurons through the brain especially in the cortex or ventral tuberal area of the hypothalamus, but demonstrated no mRNA expression of EC-SOD in the capillary wall. These findings suggest that EC-SOD accumulates on endothelial cells in response to this injury by an unknown mechanism, while cortical neurons produce EC-SOD themselves after cerebral ischemia with reperfusion.     

Dehydroepiandrosterone protects the microcirculation of muscle flaps from ischemia-reperfusion injury by reducing the expression of adhesion molecules

Adhesion molecules contribute to ischemia-reperfusion injury by increasing the endothelial adhesion and extravasation of leukocytes. Scientific evidence suggests that presurgical treatment with dehydroepiandrosterone may protect the microvasculature against this damage, but the exact mechanism is not known. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of presurgical dehydroepiandrosterone treatment on microcirculatory hemodynamic parameters and the expression of adhesion molecules in a rat cremaster muscle flap model. Twenty male rats were randomly assigned to three experimental groups. In group I (n = 5), the muscle flaps did not receive presurgical treatment. In group II (n = 6), propylene glycol (30 mg/kg), the vehicle for dehydroepiandrosterone, was injected intravenously before ischemia was induced. In group III (n = 9), dehydroepiandrosterone (30 mg/kg) was injected intravenously before ischemia was induced. All flaps were subjected to 6 hours of ischemia and 90 minutes of reperfusion. Microcirculatory variables (functional capillary density, red blood cell velocity in the main flap arteriole, and numbers of rolling, sticking, and transmigrating leukocytes), blood levels of three adhesion molecules (L-selectin, Mac-1 integrin, and CD44), and the numbers of leukocytes expressing those molecules were analyzed. Analysis of the microcirculatory parameters revealed that dehydroepiandrosterone treatment before ischemia had significant preservative effects on the red blood cell velocity and functional capillary density 30 and 90 minutes after reperfusion, compared with the control and vehicle-treated groups. Leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions were also affected by dehydroepiandrosterone treatment, as reflected by significant decreases in the numbers of sticking and transmigrating leukocytes 30 and 90 minutes after reperfusion. In dehydroepiandrosterone-treated animals, leukocytes exhibited lower levels of expression of adhesion molecules after the onset of ischemia, compared with the control groups. In this study, intravenous dehydroepiandrosterone administration reduced the activation of leukocytes and improved red blood cell velocity and capillary perfusion in the muscle flap microcirculation during ischemia-reperfusion injury. This protective effect was most likely the result of delayed expression of Mac-1 integrin, L-selectin, and CD44 molecules on leukocytes.