逆行交锁髓内钉治疗股骨远端骨折

股骨远端骨折系临床常见的高能量损伤,一般认为发生在膝关节面上7～9cm,包括髁上、髁间及单髁骨折,其发生率占所有股骨骨折的4%,多见于青壮年。我院于2003年6月-2007年11月应用逆行交锁髓内钉手术治疗Muller A型、C型的股骨远端骨折24例,获得满意效果,现报告如下。     

逆行交锁髓内钉联合单侧骨皮质锁定钢板固定治疗股骨髁上骨不连

目的:探讨逆行交锁髓内钉联合单侧骨皮质钢板固定治疗股骨髁上骨不连的临床疗效。方法:对25例股骨髁上骨不连,均采用逆行交锁髓内钉联合单侧骨皮质钢板固定加自体髂骨植骨治疗。结果:25例获12～24个月随访,平均12个月。4～8个月内均获骨性愈合。结论:应用逆行交锁髓内钉联合单侧骨皮质钢板固定后骨折端可获得坚强内固定,手术操作简便、安全,可早期进行膝关节和股四头肌功能锻炼,是一种治疗股骨髁上骨不连的有效方法。     

顺行髓内钉、逆行髓内钉及锁定加压钢板内固定治疗股骨远端骨折的对比研究

摘要目的：探讨顺行髓内钉、逆行髓内钉及锁定加压钢板内固定3种方法治疗股骨远端骨折患者的疗效。方法：对2011年1月至2012年12月间我院收治的101例股骨远端骨折进行临床随机分组手术,分别在手术中使用顺行髓内钉、逆行髓内钉以及锁定加压钢板内固定。对三组患者手术时间、术中出血量以及切口长度等一般情况进行比较分析,同时采用Harris评分系统对三组患者术后恢复情况进行分析比较。结果：经过手术治疗后,逆行髓内钉组Harris评分显著高于其他两组（P〈0．05）。另外,逆行髓内钉组手术过程短、出血量少、手术切口小,上述指标与其他两组比较均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论：股骨远端骨折行逆行髓内钉治疗的疗效优于顺行髓内钉以及锁定加压钢板内固定,具有手术时间短、术中出血少、切口小等优点,能够有效提高术后膝关节功能的恢复,值得临床推广使用。     

逆行可膨胀髓内钉与锁定钢板治疗股骨远端骨折的疗效比较

目的:探讨比较运用逆行可膨胀髓内钉与股骨远端锁定钢板治疗股骨远端33A、33C1型骨折的疗效。方法:对2013年3月至2015年6月收治并符合纳入标准的43例股骨远端33A、33C1型骨折患者进行回顾性研究。按照不同的手术固定方式分为逆行可膨胀髓内钉组(n=18)和锁定钢板组(n=25),记录并比较两组手术时间、失血量、愈合时间及功能结果、术中及术后并发症。结果:所有骨折最终都获得愈合;逆行可膨胀髓内钉组在手术时间及失血量上都显著低于锁定钢板组,两组在愈合时间及功能评定方面无明显差异;5例开放性骨折的患者中1例出现浅表伤口感染,1例患者延迟愈合。结论:股骨远端逆行可膨胀髓内钉在获得与锁定钢板相当的骨折愈合时间及患肢功能的情况下,具有操作简单、手术时间短、失血量少等特点,对于股骨远端33A、33C1型骨折来说是一个较好的选择。     

交锁髓内钉与锁定钢板治疗肱骨中上段骨折的疗效对比研究

目的:分析交锁髓内钉与锁定钢板治疗肱骨中上段骨折的疗效.方法:选择2010年1月～2011年12月在我院就诊的肱骨中上段骨折患者90例,按照随机配对将其分为两组:交锁髓内钉组和锁定钢板组,每组各45例.观察和比较两组患者的手术时间、术中出血量、骨折愈合时间、住院时间、Constant肩关节评分、Mayo肘关节评分和并发症发生率.结果:两组患者均获随访,平均13(6～24)个月.锁定钢板组的治疗有效率为88.89％,而交锁髓内钉组的治疗有效率为93.33％,两组差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).但交锁髓内钉组患者的手术时间、术中出血量、骨折愈合时间、住院时间、Constant肩关节评分均较锁定钢板组明显缩短、减少或降低(P＜0.05或＜0.01),而两组的Mayo肘关节评分差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).锁定钢板组的并发症发生率为24.44％,明显高于交锁髓内钉组的6.67％(P＜0.05).结论:交锁髓内钉与锁定钢板内固定治疗肱骨中上段骨折的疗效接近,但交锁髓内钉组的具有创伤小,恢复快,并发症少的优点,而锁定钢板组对肩关节功能影响较小.     

交锁髓内钉与经皮锁定钢板治疗胫骨骨折的临床对照研究

目的:探讨交锁髓内钉与经皮锁定钢板治疗胫骨骨折的疗效。方法:选取了100例胫骨骨折患者,按住院单双号分为两组,对照组(48例)给予交锁髓内钉,观察组(52例)给予经皮锁定钢板治疗。通过观察并记录疗效,围手术期指标及随访3个月的并发症发生情况,评价交锁髓内钉与经皮锁定钢板治疗胫骨骨折的疗效。结果:采用经皮锁定钢板内固定和交锁髓内钉治疗胫骨骨折,两种手术方法所需手术时间无统计学差异(P0.05),经皮锁定钢板内固定术术中出血量更少,术后观察组患者住院时间和骨折愈合时间更短(P0.05),术后3个月,观察组患者有效率明显高于对照组(P0.05),随访3个月期间,观察组并发症5例,发生率9.6%,对照组并发症12例,发生率25.0%,观察组并发症发生率明显低于对照组(P0.05)。结论:经皮锁定钢板对胫骨骨折具有较好的疗效,手术安全性高,并发症少,能促进骨折愈合,使患者尽早康复,值得临床推广使用。     

带锁髓内钉治疗胫骨干骨折的疗效观察

目的观察带锁髓内钉治疗胫骨干骨折的疗效。方法对128例胫骨干骨折病人采用带锁髓内钉内固定治疗。结果128例经随访3～20个月。骨折全部达骨性愈合。肢体功能恢复达优109例（85．15％）．良13例（10．15％）。中6例（4．70％）。结论带锁髓内钉是治疗胫骨于骨折的一种较好的内固定方法．     

股骨近端抗旋髓内钉法治疗老年股骨转子下粉碎性骨折的效果分析

目的:探讨利用股骨近端抗旋髓内钉法治疗老年股骨转子下粉碎性骨折的临床效果,为临床提供参考。方法:对我院2009年6月-2013年1月收治的38例老年股骨转子下粉碎性骨折患者行股骨近端抗旋髓内钉法进行手术治疗,分析手术方法、效果及患者的预后效果。结果:28例行闭合复位,7例行骨折端切开复位,患者术后7-14d可下地活动,3 m内扶拐部分负重行走,31例(88.6%)获得随访,随访时间9-24个月,骨折愈合时间为3-6个月,平均3.7个月;Harris髋功能评分标准:优18例,良10例,中3例,优良率90.32%(28/31)。结论:PFNA是一种治疗老年股骨转子下粉碎性骨折的有效装置,能够减少骨折不愈合、髋内翻畸形愈合及内固定断裂、切割股骨头等并发症,在治疗老年股骨转子下粉碎性骨折时可达到较高的骨愈合率、较快的功能恢复。     

髓内钉InterTan 治疗股骨近端骨折的早期疗效分析

目的:分析应用新一代股骨近端髓内钉( InterTan)治疗股骨近端骨折的早期临床疗效.方法:回顾性分析2009年9月至201 1年8月我科共收治股骨近端骨折患者共107例,均采用InterTan髓内钉系统进行治疗,其中男45例,女62例;年龄34-93岁,平均73.05岁.受伤肢体左侧63例,右侧44例.按AO分型,31-A1型32例,31 -A2型59例,31-A3型16例.记录患者手术持续时间、并发症、死亡率、骨折愈合时间、末次复查Harris评分,并对比患者健侧及患侧术前、术中及术后1周的颈干角变化.所有数据采用SPSS 13.0进行统计分析.结果:平均手术持续时间为66.69分钟.颈干角:术前健侧:140.66±9.08度,术前患侧:118.00± 15.49度,术中患侧:135.16± 7.08度,术后1周患侧:137.51±15.21度.术前患侧颈干角与其他三组相比均有显著性差异(P＜0.05),术前健侧、术中复位后患侧、术后1周患侧颈干角之间相比均无显著性差异.3例患者于随访过程中死亡,6例患者失访.98例患者获得随访,随访时间3 -22个月,平均8.6个月.2例患者发生头钉切出,3例患者术后练习后出现股骨疼痛症状,未发生股骨干骨折.96例患者均获得骨性愈合,骨折愈合时间12～18周.临床疗效按Harris评分标准:41-92分,平均78.5分,优良率80.6％.结论:髓内钉InterTan是治疗股骨近端骨折的良好选择.     

股骨近端髓内钉-螺旋刀片治疗老年股骨转子间骨折的临床疗效观察

目的:评价股骨近端髓内钉-螺旋刀片(proximal femoral nail anti-rotation,PFNA)治疗老年患者股骨转子间骨折的临床疗效.方法:2009年6月～2010年9月采用PFNA内固定治疗老年患者股骨转子间骨折28例,统计术中出血量、手术时间、并发症、骨折愈合情况及髋关节功能恢复情况,总结PFNA治疗股骨转子间骨折的临床疗效.结果:术后平均随访13.2个月,术中平均出血170mL,平均手术时间55 min,骨折均达临床愈合,根据髋关节Harris功能评分标准优18例,良8例,优良率为92.9％,无感染及内固定失败等并发症.结论:PFNA具有创伤小,操作简单、固定牢靠等特点,是治疗老年性股骨转子间骨折的理想选择,尤其适用于合并骨质疏松的老年患者.     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒研究进展

传染性法氏囊病(Infection bursal disease, IBD)是由鸡传染性法氏囊病毒(Infectious bursal disease virus, IBDV)引起的鸡和火鸡的一种高度接触性传染病,给世界各国的禽养殖业带来了巨大损失.自IBDV发现至今新的变异株不断出现,分子结构的改变导致病毒致病力的改变及宿主对疫苗应答的改变,使得传统的疫苗已不能控制其流行,因此各国学者对其基因组结构和功能进行了广泛深入的研究,并积极研制新型有效的疫苗以达到防治的目的.     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.     

Detection of EBV and HHV6 in the Brain Tissue of Patients with Rasmussen’s Encephalitis

Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE) is a rare pediatric neurological disorder, and the exact etiology is not clear. Viral infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of RE, but conflicting results have reported. In this study, we evaluated the expression of both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus (HHV) 6 antigens in brain sections from 30 patients with RE and 16 control individuals by immunohistochemistry. In the RE group, EBV and HHV6 antigens were detected in 56.7% (17/30) and 50% (15/30) of individuals, respectively. In contrast, no detectable EBV and HHV6 antigen expression was found in brain tissues of the control group. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in 20.0% (6/30) of individuals. In particular, a 4-year-old boy had a typical clinical course, including a medical history of viral encephalitis, intractable epilepsy, and hemispheric atrophy. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in neurons and astrocytes in the brain tissue, accompanied by a high frequency of CD8⁺ T cells. Our results suggest that EBV and HHV6 infection and the activation of CD8⁺ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RE.