四川雅安地区室内蝇类监测简报

1988年至1989年,作者对雅安地区蝇类在年周期中室内数量变化用目测法在100间不同类型的房屋内进行了监测。共监测成蝇标本6714只,隶属3科7属8种。简报如下。1蝇类群落组成所观察6714只标本中,其群落组成(%)从大到小序列依次为:家蝇(84.56)、巨尾阿丽蝇(9.28)、丝光绿蝇(2.98)、大头金蝇(2.28)、厩腐蝇(0.31)、麻蝇(含棕尾别麻蝇、白头亚麻蝇与黑尾黑麻蝇,0.28)、斑蹠黑蝇(0.71)及巴浦绿蝇(0.14)。从上述情况可以看出,家蝇为当地室内绝对优势种。2阳房率及其密度指数所监测7200间住房中,有蝇房间465间,阳房率6.46%,成蝇密度指数为0.93。各该…     

绵阳市城镇有瓣蝇类初步调查

1990年5月—10月,采用笼诱法及粘蝇带法,对绵阳城区,北川、梓潼县城作了蝇类种群、密度以及季节消长调查,现将结果简报于后:捕获蝇类71729只,经分类鉴定隶属于6科24属43种。平均密度室内为2.4只/条·24小时,室外23.61只/笼·小时。室外主要以丝光绿蝇Lucilia sercata为优势种,密度8.55,其次是铜绿蝇Lucilia porphyrina为4.1、大头金蝇Chrysomyia megacephala3.07、家蝇Musca dometica2.36;室内以家蝇为优势种,为2.3,其次是厩腐蝇Muscina stabulans0.03、大头金蝇0.02。蝇类密度最高月份室外为6、8月,分别是36.68、36.29,室内最高的是7月,…     

山西常见蝇类及其生态学研究

蝇类种类繁多,仅山西省已知蝇类600余种,分布较为常见的有129种,经常出入人畜舍,传播肠道传染病并致蝇蛆病的不外乎30种。为此,讨这些常见及重要蝇种的生态学研究,有助于蝇类的综合治理及蝇媒病与蝇蛆病的防治。     

四川蝇科的调查

五十年代开始,作者对四川有瓣蝇类(Calyptratae)进行了调查,同时参照历史文献,到目前为止,已知四川地区蝇科蝇类(Muscidae flies)有10亚科37属197种,其中《中国常见蝇类检索表》已记载112种,现补记85种及常见种的生态习性。     

雅安市蝇类越冬调查简报

1.本文叙述1956年至1957年雅安蝇类越冬情况的观察,对几种常见蝇类越冬情况,作了简短描叙。 2.冬季成蝇活动场所常与日照强度、气温升降成正比。即天气晴朗、气温升高时,它们随即趁机活动;反之,则隐匿不动。 3.蝇类越冬场所,大多就是夏秋季孳生场所,不过范围有所缩小。 4.蝇类越冬期短者1月余,长者可达7月余。 5.对几种常见蝇类越冬情况,作了初步讨论。     

大头金蝇与广额金蝇三龄幼虫的形态描述

金蝇属在河北省主要发现大头金蝇Chrysomyia megacephala(Fab.)及广额金蝇Ch.phaonis(Seg.)两种。据范滋德(1965)中国常见蝇类检索表载,肥躯金蝇Ch.pinguis(Walk.)亦见于北京。大头金蝇为该省蝇类优势种之一,幼虫孳生在稀人粪中,夏秋季节虫口密度最大,为肠道传染病主要媒介之一;而广额金蝇的习性尚不太了解,在石家庄于11月中旬到12月中旬出现,季节很短,数量也少。该两种幼虫在形态上很近似,大头金蝇幼虫过去在文献上虽有所记载,但不详尽;至于广额金蝇的幼虫则尚无记载。鉴于此,本文将这两种的三龄幼虫作一形态描述,以资鉴别。     

河北省代表地区屠宰场蝇类调查及防制意见

前 言 在河北省各代表地区有瓣蝇类兹生习性的调查中,我们发现屠宰场蝇类的虫口密度大,蝇类相复杂。因此1963-1964年,分别在邯郸、张家口、秦皇岛、承德、石家庄等市的屠宰场进行了比较深入的调查。 在石家庄每月采集一次;其他市区于春夏之间和秋季各采集一次。1963年重点作了幼虫调查,1964年重点作了成蝇调查。在调查成蝇时,有意识的用拍击法15分钟)对蝇种密度作了统计。所有标本均带回实验室进行鉴定。     

济南常见蝇类的种类及其季节消长的调查

本文记述了1960年5月至1961年4月在济南市市区及郊区采用臭鱼诱捕及人工不定期采集对蝇类的种类及季节消长的调查结果。济南市蝇类的种类前人先后报告共有22种, 此次调查共发现42种, 其中21种为本地区的首次记录。蝇类季节消长总的情况是:自3—11月份在室外均可捕获到蝇类, 8月为其高峰:最常见种类的高峰如下:大头金蝇、银绿蝇均在8月, 舍蝇在10月, 市蝇为8、10两个月, 格氏丽蝇则在5月。全年诱得的蝇类总数中以大头金蝇为最多(18.06％):银绿蝇次之(16.64％):再次之为舍蝇(15.49％)及市蝇(15.06％)等。不同场所诱得的蝇类中占比例最高的蝇种则各不相同;北郊厕所以大头金蝇为最多(34.6％), 北郊马厩则以舍蝇(30.94％)、市蝇(30.06％)居首位, 市区食堂、酱园及南郊垃圾堆则以银绿蝇为最多(分别为37.54％、27.11％及19.36％)。此外, 对不同场所常见蝇类组成的季节变化本文也进行了分析。     

厦门丽蝇科麻蝇科及家蝇料记录

作者于1954年11月即开始采集蝇类,旋即中断,仅得常见种7种。至1956年5月又重新开始,迄1957年5月,共得蝇类39种,分隶于丽蝇、麻蝇及家蝇3科,今记录如下:     

太原市常见麻蝇的生态学研究

本文报告1980年3月至1982年5月对太原市常见麻蝇的生态学调查研究结果,共获麻蝇科35种,其中以棕尾别麻蝇、白头亚麻蝇、红尾粪麻蝇、红尾拉蝇、黑尾黑麻蝇及酱亚麻蝇等为当地优势种群。并对优势种群的季节消长、越冬及其幼虫孳生习性分别作了介绍。太原市常见麻蝇活动期限在3月中旬至11月中旬,7、8月份多数种类出现高峰,高峰季节与当地肠道流行病的高峰有关。优势种类主要以蛹期越冬,但急钩亚麻蝇也有幼虫越冬的现象。发现幼虫孳生场所5类:人粪便类、畜粪便类、腐败动物质、腐败植物质及垃圾。文中并对防蝇灭蝇加以讨论。     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Entwicklungsgeschichte und Ultrastruktur von Pollenkitt und Exine bei nahe verwandten entomophilen und anemophilen Angiospermensippen derAlismataceae,Liliaceae, Juncaceae,Cyperaceae, Poaceae undAraceae

Some closely related members of the monocotyledonous familiesAlismataceae, Liliaceae, Juncaceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae andAraceae with variable modes of pollination (insect- and wind-pollination) were studied in relation to the ultrastructure of pollenkitt and exine (amount, consistency and distribution of pollenkitt on the surface of pollen grains). The character syndromes of pollen cementing in entomophilous, anemophilous and intermediate (ambophilous or amphiphilous) monocotyledons are the same in principal as in dicotyledons. Comparing present with former results one can summarize: 1) The pollenkitt is always produced in the same manner by the anther tapetum in all angiosperm sub-classes. 2) The variable stickiness of entomophilous and anemophilous pollen always depends on the particular distribution and consistency of the pollenkitt, but not its amount on the pollen surface. 3) The mostly dry and powdery pollen of anemophilous plants always contains a variable amount of inactive pollenkitt in its exine cavities. 4) A step-by step change of the pollen cementing syndrome can be observed from entomophily towards anemophily. 5) From the omnipresence of pollenkitt in all wind-pollinated angiosperms studied one can conclude that the ancestors of anemophilous angiosperms probably have been zoophilous (i.e. entomophilous) throughout.

     

Identification and Characterization of the First Equine Parainfluenza Virus 5

正Dear Editor,Parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5), known as canine parainfluenza virus in the veterinary field, is a negative-sense,nonsegmented, single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Paramyxoviridae family (Chen 2018). The virus was first reported in primary monkey kidney cells in 1954 (Hsiung1972), then it has been frequently discovered in various