陕西秦艽药源植物及秦艽药材HPLC的比较研究

目的:系统比较研究秦艽药材与其药原植物间主要化学成分的差异。方法:高效液相色谱法,色谱柱:Diamonsil C18(200 mm×4.6 mm,5um);洗脱条件:乙腈-水溶液梯度洗脱;检测波长:240 nm;柱温:30℃;流速:0.5 mL.min-1。结果:陇县、太白秦艽中龙胆苦苷含量明显高于市售秦艽药材;通过确定7个共有峰建立陕西秦艽HPLC指纹图谱,所测定的29批秦艽药材具有很高的相似度,而秦艽伪品相似度较低。采用HPLC各峰面积及其相对之比进行聚类分析结果显示,采自太白的10个样本和陇县的8个样本分别聚为两支,表明秦艽化学成分含量与其地理分布存在密切关系。结论:本实验建立的指纹图谱可用于秦艽及其药材鉴别和质量控制;聚类分析可以鉴别秦艽产地。     

萆薢类药材的HPLC指纹图谱研究

应用HPLC方法测定了薯蓣属根状茎组10种1亚种1变种植物23个样本,建立了萆薢类药材总皂苷元粗提物的HPLC指纹图谱.色谱柱为Zorbax Eclipse XDB-C_(18)柱(4.6×250 mm,5 μm),流动相为乙腈-水,柱温30℃,检测波长为203 nm.结果表明,用上述条件所建立的指纹图谱共标示出7个共有峰,且可较全面地反映萆薢类药材的皂苷元类成分,为萆薢类药材薯蓣属根状茎组植物鉴别及质量控制提供一种方法.     

肿节风药材HPLC指纹图谱研究

采用反相高效液相色谱法建立了肿节风药材的指纹图谱,色谱柱为Hypersil C18(4.6 mm × 250 mm,5 μm),以乙腈-0.1%磷酸水溶液为流动相进行二元梯度洗脱,流速1.0 mL/min,柱温35 ℃,检测波长300 nm.对10批不同产地的肿节风药材进行了检测,并应用"中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价软件"生成了共有模式色谱图,共有16个色谱峰,各色谱峰分离情况良好.精密度、重复性和稳定性试验中各共有峰相对保留时间和相对峰面积的RSD均小于3%,符合指纹图谱要求.该方法简便,可靠,精密度、稳定性和重复性良好,可用于肿节风药材的质量评价.用该方法比较了肿节风药材不同部位指纹图谱的差异,为最佳用药部位的确定提供了理论依据.     

不同产地水飞蓟药材HPLC指纹图谱研究

目的建立水飞蓟药材的HPLC指纹图谱分析方法,并对不同产地水飞蓟药材进行指纹图谱比较研究。方法采用反相高效液相色谱法,Shimadzu C18(150 mm×4.6 mm)为色谱柱,流动相为甲醇-水-冰醋酸(48:52:1),流速:1.0 mL/min,检测波长为287 nm,柱温40℃,进样量10μl。对水飞蓟药材的指标成分水飞蓟宾进行了定性定量,并以相似度鉴别药材质量。结果建立了水飞蓟药材的HPLC指纹图谱,标定了12个共有峰,方法学考察结果符合指纹图谱技术要求,经相似度计算11个不同产地药材之间的相似性均高于0.944。结论本法简便准确、结论可靠,可用于不同产地水飞蓟药材的指纹图谱测定和质量评价,为有效控制水飞蓟药材的内在质量提供了实验依据。     

不同产地野生与栽培伊贝母药材水溶性成分指纹图谱研究

目的:建立伊贝母药材水溶性成分高效液相色谱指纹图谱,为科学评价和有效控制其质量提供可靠的方法。方法:采用HPLC-DAD方法,以Kromasil C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×150 mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇和水,梯度洗脱,流速0.5 mL·min-1,柱温25℃,检测波长:260 nm。采用药典委员会颁布的中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统2004 A版软件,对29批野生与栽培伊贝母药材进行指纹图谱分析。结果:29批伊贝母药材中有14个共有特征峰,建立了HPLC指纹图谱共有模式。各批次伊贝母药材相似度都在0.714以上,29批野生与栽培伊贝母药材可通过系统聚类分成5类,不同产地野生与栽培药材组成质量相似性较好,并定量测定了样品中的β-胸苷和腺苷。结论:所建立的HPLC指纹图谱及定量分析均具有良好的精密度、重复性、稳定性,可用于伊贝母药材的质量综合评价。     

广西产拳卷地钱HPLC指纹图谱研究

为了对广西产拳卷地钱药材进行质量控制,采用HPLC指纹图谱法对8批药材进行了研究,色谱条件为安捷伦ZORBAX SB-C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈(B)-0.1%磷酸水溶液(D),梯度洗脱,检测波长为230 nm,柱温为25℃。结果表明:建立了参考指纹图谱,共有峰6个,8批广西产拳卷地钱药材HLPC指纹图谱相似度均大于0.75,其精密度、重复性、稳定性实验均符合指纹图谱技术要求。HPLC指纹图谱分析,数据稳定可靠,方法简便高效,可为广西产拳卷地钱质量评价提供参考。     

紫花地丁HPLC指纹图谱研究

目的:建立紫花地丁药材HPLC指纹图谱,提供药材质量控制的可靠方法。方法:采用HPLC方法,以Agi-lent C18(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm)为色谱柱,甲醇-0.5%醋酸水溶液进行梯度洗脱;检测波长353 nm,流速1.0mL/min。结果:检测了12批不同来源的紫花地丁药材,确立了18个共有峰,建立了紫花地丁对照指纹图谱,计算各被测样品的HPLC指纹图谱的整体相似度,并指认了菊苣苷、七叶内酯、东莨菪素、早开堇菜苷4个特征峰,比较了上述成分在不同药材中的含量。结论:所建立的指纹图谱具有良好的精密度、重现性和稳定性,可作为紫花地丁药材质量控制标准。     

鹅不食草液相色谱指纹图谱及化学成分表征

目的:建立鹅不食草的HPLC指纹图谱,并对其化学成分进行表征。方法:指纹图谱采用Alltima~(TM)C_(18)色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),柱温为35℃,流动相为乙腈-0.2%磷酸溶液,梯度洗脱;流速为1.0 m L/min;检测波长为290 nm,进样量为20μL。成分表征采用UPLC-QTOF-MS分析,Waters ACQUITY HSS T3(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.8μm)色谱柱,0.1%甲酸乙腈(A)-0.1%甲酸水(B)梯度洗脱,ESI离子源,正离子与负离子模式下采集数据。结果:通过12批鹅不食草的HPLC指纹图谱分析,确定了13个特征峰,12批样品的相似度在0.837~0.997之间;UPLC-QTOF-MS鉴别出26个化学成分,其中Dulcoside A、Kaurane pentanedioic acid derivative及3’,4’-didesulphatedcarboxyatractyloside等二萜苷类化合物系首次在鹅不食草药材中发现。结论:本研究建立的HPLC指纹图谱和化学成分表征信息具有"全息"特征,可为鹅不食草药材整体质量评价提供科学依据。     

UPLC指纹图谱结合化学模式识别评价白芷药材质量

为建立白芷药材UPLC指纹图谱测定方法,并用于白芷药材的质量评价。研究采用Waters UPLC超高效液相色谱仪,ACQUITY UPLC BEH C_(18)(50 mm×2.1 mm,1.7μm)色谱柱,以乙腈-水为流动相进行梯度洗脱,检测波长254 nm,建立10批白芷药材的UPLC指纹图谱。采用对照品化学指认,并结合相似度评价、聚类分析(CA)、主成分分析(PCA)和正交偏最小二乘法-判别分析(OPLS-DA)等模式识别技术,对不同产地和处理方式的白芷药材的总体质量进行分析评价。建立的指纹图谱方法符合方法学要求,指纹图谱共标定22个共有峰,经对照品进行化学指认共鉴定了其中10个色谱峰;通过相似度评价、CA、PCA结果可知不同产地白芷药材质量有差异,且硫磺熏蒸对白芷药材品质有较大影响;最后采用OPLS-DA和组间差异性分析,筛选出了导致白芷药材质量差异的主要标志性成分。本研究建立的指纹图谱结合化学模式识别方法可用于白芷药材的质量控制和品质评价。     

甘草药材HPLC指纹图谱研究

研究用高效液相色谱法建立甘草药材指纹图谱的分析方法。采用Symmrtry shield RP18色谱柱(150 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),以甲醇和水为流动相,梯度洗脱,流速1 mL/min,柱温25℃,检测波长254 nm。用上述方法确定了10批不同产地甘草药材的24个共有峰,建立了甘草药材指纹图谱的分析方法,该方法精密度、稳定性、重复性均较好,为甘草药材的质量控制标准提供了参考。     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Entwicklungsgeschichte und Ultrastruktur von Pollenkitt und Exine bei nahe verwandten entomophilen und anemophilen Angiospermensippen derAlismataceae,Liliaceae, Juncaceae,Cyperaceae, Poaceae undAraceae

Some closely related members of the monocotyledonous familiesAlismataceae, Liliaceae, Juncaceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae andAraceae with variable modes of pollination (insect- and wind-pollination) were studied in relation to the ultrastructure of pollenkitt and exine (amount, consistency and distribution of pollenkitt on the surface of pollen grains). The character syndromes of pollen cementing in entomophilous, anemophilous and intermediate (ambophilous or amphiphilous) monocotyledons are the same in principal as in dicotyledons. Comparing present with former results one can summarize: 1) The pollenkitt is always produced in the same manner by the anther tapetum in all angiosperm sub-classes. 2) The variable stickiness of entomophilous and anemophilous pollen always depends on the particular distribution and consistency of the pollenkitt, but not its amount on the pollen surface. 3) The mostly dry and powdery pollen of anemophilous plants always contains a variable amount of inactive pollenkitt in its exine cavities. 4) A step-by step change of the pollen cementing syndrome can be observed from entomophily towards anemophily. 5) From the omnipresence of pollenkitt in all wind-pollinated angiosperms studied one can conclude that the ancestors of anemophilous angiosperms probably have been zoophilous (i.e. entomophilous) throughout.

     

Identification and Characterization of the First Equine Parainfluenza Virus 5

正Dear Editor,Parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5), known as canine parainfluenza virus in the veterinary field, is a negative-sense,nonsegmented, single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Paramyxoviridae family (Chen 2018). The virus was first reported in primary monkey kidney cells in 1954 (Hsiung1972), then it has been frequently discovered in various