蛋白激酶C和Na~＋－H~＋交换在ANGⅡ诱发心肌细胞肥大反应中的作用

血管紧张素（ＡＮＧ）Ⅱ在１０－１０－１０－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ范围内剂量依赖性促进无血清培养新生大鼠心肌细胞蛋白质合成速率。蛋白激酶Ｃ（ＰＫＣ）抑制剂ｓｔａｕｒｏｓｐｏｒｉｎｅ（Ｓｔａｕ２ｎｍｏｌ／Ｌ）对心肌细胞基础状态３Ｈ－Ｌｅｕｃｉｎｅ掺入无明显影响，但Ｓｔａｕ预处理３０ｍｉｎ，则可有效阻断ＡＮＧⅡ（１μｍｏｌ／Ｌ）对细胞蛋白质合成的刺激作用；单纯应用ＰＫＣ激活剂ＰＭＡ（１μｍｏｌ／Ｌ）可使心肌细胞蛋白质合成速率增加，与对照组相比，ＰＭＡ组３Ｈ－Ｌｅｕｃｉｎｅ掺入量增加了４１．０４％。细胞Ｎａ＋－Ｈ＋交换抑制剂Ａｍｉｌｏｒｉｄｅ预处理也能阻断ＡＮＧⅡ刺激３Ｈ－Ｌｅｕｃｉｎｅ掺入细胞蛋白质的作用。以上结果提示ＰＫＣ和Ｎａ＋－Ｈ＋交换的激活，可能是ＡＮＧⅡ诱发的心肌细胞肥大反应的重要胞内信息转导机制。本工作还观察到，阻断细胞Ｎａ＋－Ｈ＋交换后并不影响由ＰＫＣ激活导致的蛋白质合成增加，提示可能存在着ＰＫＣ和Ｎａ＋－Ｈ＋交换彼此相对独立地调节心肌细胞生长的途径。     

烟碱对乙酰胆碱诱发豚鼠回肠收缩作用的调节

在离休豚鼠回肠标本上,ＡＣｈ诱发双相收缩反应：早期相收缩反应持续时间短,与神经节Ｎ受体有关;后期相收缩反应持续时间长,与平滑肌Ｍ受体有关。烟碱１０μｍｏｌ／Ｌ预孵育后,标本对烟碱激动神经节Ｎ受体诱发的收缩作用产生急性耐受,而ＡＣｈ激动平滑肌Ｍ受体诱发的收缩作用增强。     

佛波酯能改变细胞表面糖蛋白N－糖链的结构

利用标记Ｎ－糖链的凝集素亲和层析法研究了佛波醇肉桂酸乙酸酯（ＰＭＡ）对人肝癌细胞ＳＭＭＣ－７７２１表面糖蛋白上Ｎ－糖链结构的影响,发现１００ｎｍｏｌ／Ｌ的ＰＭＡ处理５天后,可使细胞表面Ｎ－糖链中高甘露糖型和杂合型以及四天线、Ｃ２Ｃ２,６三天线复杂型的比例增高,而二天线复杂型降低。此结果与我们曾报道的视黄酸（ＲＡ）和双丁配环磷酸腺苷（ｄｂ－ｃＡＭＰ）对该细胞表面Ｎ－糖链的影响相反。因ＲＡ和ｄｂ－ｃＡＭＰ是ＳＭＭＣ－７７２１细胞的分化诱导剂,可抑制细胞生长;而ＰＭＡ是该细胞的增殖促进剂,故细胞表面Ｎ－糖链的变化与细胞的分化和增殖密切相关。     

烟碱和槟榔碱对离体大鼠海马脑片CA_1锥体细胞外诱发电位的影响

在离体Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠海马脑片上,用微电极记录刺激顶树突层Ｓｃｈａｆｆｅｒ侧支引起的ＣＡ＿１区锥体细胞外群峰电位（ＰＳ）。观察用半浸式浴槽或多管微电极气压微量注射给予Ｎ受体激动剂烟碱（Ｎｉｃ）和Ｍ受体激动剂槟榔碱（Ａｒｅ）对ＰＳ的影响,探讨Ｍ和Ｎ受体功能。结果表明：Ｎｉｃ对ＰＳ幅度无明显影响,浓度１．０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ时约１／４脑片诱发出第二个群峰电位（ＰＳ＿２）,浓度增加,ＰＳ＿２发生率增加,ＰＳ＿２幅度较ＰＳ低。美加明能部分对抗烟碱诱发的ＰＳ＿２,表明ＰＳ＿２出现与Ｎ受休关系密切。Ａｒｅ降低ＰＳ幅度,当浓度达到０．００１ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ即能使ＰＳ幅度降低为正常的７４％,ＰＳ幅度降低存在有效量关系,低浓度阿托品能选择性地对抗之,表明Ａｒｅ所致ＰＳ幅度下降是通过兴奋Ｍ受体的结果。     

NA和5－HT对小脑脑片浦肯野细胞自发及诱发电活动的影响

在大鼠小脑脑片上观察了ＮＡ和５－ＨＴ对浦肯野细胞（ＰＣ）的自发放电活动及由白质刺激所引起的诱发放电活动的影响。结果表明：（１）ＮＡ使ＰＣ产生抑制、兴奋和双相反应,以抑制反应为主（７９．８％）;５－ＨＴ引起ＰＣ兴奋和抑制反应,以兴奋反应略多（５７．８％）。（２）先后灌流ＮＡ和５－ＨＴ对同一个ＰＣ自发放电的影响主要为抑制（ＮＡ）－兴奋（５－ＨＴ）（５３．８％）。（３）ＮＡ对ＰＣ的诱发复杂锋电位（ＣＳ）和简单锋电位（ＳＳ）反应,主要产生增强效应（５７．１％和６２．８％）;５－ＨＴ对ＰＣ诱发ＣＳ和ＳＳ反应则主要产生压抑作用（６０．０％和６８．２％）。（４）先后灌流ＮＡ和５－ＨＴ对同一个ＰＣ的诱发ＣＳ和ＳＳ反应,主要表现为ＮＡ对这两种诱发反应的增强和５－ＨＴ的压抑效应（６０．０％和５２．９％）。这些结果提示,ＮＡ能和５－ＨＴ能传入纤维可以通过释放ＮＡ和５－ＨＴ调节ＰＣ的兴奋性水平并改变ＰＣ对爬行纤维和苦状纤维突触传入的反应敏感性,影响小脑皮层神经元网络的感觉运动整合过程。     

THE DEVELOPMENT OF MOLECULAR ECOLOGY FORM MOLECULAR BIOLOGY IS AN EXAMPLE OF CONCEPT CHANGE

ＴＨＥＤＥＶＥＬＯＰＭＥＮＴＯＦＭＯＬＥＣＵＬＡＲＥＣＯＬＯＧＹＦＯＲＭＭＯＬＥＣＵＬＡＲＢＩＯＬＯＧＹＩＳＡＮＥＸＡＭＰＬＥＯＦＣＯＮＣＥＰＴＣＨＡＮＧＥＸｉａｎｇＪＭ,ＬｉｎＹＬ,ＬｉｕＸＦ,ＬｉＨＶＩＲＵＳＲＥＳＥＡＲＣＨＩＮＳＴＩＴＵＴＥＡＮ...     

烟碱和槟榔碱对离体大鼠海马脑片CA1锥体细胞外诱发电位…

在离全Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠海马脑片上,用微电极记录刺激顶树突层Ｓｃｈａｆｆｅｒ侧支引起的ＣＡ１区锥体细胞外群峰电位（ＰＳ）。观察用半浸式浴槽或多管微电极气压微量注射给予Ｎ受体激动剂烟碱（Ｎｉｃ）和Ｍ受体激动剂槟碱（Ａｒｅ）对ＰＳ的影响,探讨Ｍ和Ｎ受体功能。结果表明：Ｎｉｃ对ＰＳ幅度无明显影响,浓度过．０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ时约１／４脑片诱发出第二个群峰电位（ＰＳ２）,浓度增加,ＰＳ２发生率增加,ＰＳ２幅度较Ｐ     

快速周期伏安法在定量研究脑内核团多巴胺释放中的应用

目的和方法：采用快速周期伏安法（ＦＣＶ）在体研究电刺激内侧前脑束（ＭＦＢ）或腹侧背盖区（ＶＴＡ）诱发的纹状体（ＣＰｕ）、伏核（Ａｃｂ）或中央杏仁核（ＣＡＮ）多巴胺（ＤＡ）释放的特点,探索电刺激诱发不同核团ＤＡ释放的适宜刺激参数。结果：ＣＰｕ、Ａｃｂ与ＣＡＮ的ＤＡ释放量及释放动力学特征均有不同。结论：在应用ＦＣＶ技术研究脑内不同部位ＤＡ释放时,应重视适宜刺激参数的选择及运用,以获取更好的实验结果。     

一氧化氮的释放对海马脑片CA1区痫样放电的影响

用自制的一氧化氮（ＮＯ）敏感电极－Ｎａｆｉｏｎ－壳聚糖合镍修饰铂电极（Ｎａｆｉｏｎ－ＣＴＳ（Ｎｉ）－Ｐｔ）连续测定了青霉素致痫海马脑片ＣＡ１区锥体层神经元ＮＯ的释放,并同时观察了ＮＯ合酶抑制剂７－ｎｉｔｒｏ－ｉｎｄａｚｏｌｅ（７－ＮＩ）及Ｎ＾ω－ｎｉｔｒｏ－Ｌ－ａｒｇｉｎｉｎｅ（Ｌ－ＮＮＡ）对诱发痫波及ＮＯ释放量的影响。研究观察到：（１）在青霉素致痫脑片模型上,诱发的痫波随青霉素浓度的增加而增多,     

雄激素对人前列腺细胞中鸟氨酸脱羧酶基因表达的调节作用

 为探讨雄激素对人前列腺中鸟氨酸脱羧酶（ Ｏ Ｄ Ｃ）基因表达的调节作用,以研究雄激素诱导前列腺良性增生的分子机理,分离培养了人胎儿前列腺间质细胞,以 Ｍ Ｔ Ｔ 法测定不同浓度 Ｄ Ｈ Ｔ对细胞的促增殖作用;以最适浓度的 Ｄ Ｈ Ｔ（１ ０００ μｇ／ Ｌ）刺激该细胞,分别于 ０,３,６,１２,２４,３０ ｈ 提取总 Ｒ Ｎ Ａ,用斑点杂交及 Ｎｏｒｔｈｅｒｎ ｂｌｏｔ 法分析测定各组细胞中 Ｏ Ｄ Ｃ ｍ Ｒ Ｎ Ａ 的丰度,并对杂交膜进行薄层扫描定量．结果显示：（１） Ｄ Ｈ Ｔ 对前列腺间质细胞的增殖呈双相调节作用,即在低浓度时随着 Ｄ Ｈ Ｔ 浓度的增加,对该细胞的促增殖作用增强,１ ０００ μｇ／ Ｌ时刺激活性最强,高浓度 Ｄ Ｈ Ｔ 对该细胞的刺激作用降低．（２）斑点杂交显示,在 １ ０００ μｇ／ Ｌ Ｄ Ｈ Ｔ 刺激细胞后 ６ ｈ 时, Ｏ Ｄ Ｃ ｍ Ｒ Ｎ Ａ开始明显升高,２４ ｈ 达高峰（约为 ０ ｈ 的 ４８ 倍）,至 ３０ ｈ 有所降低．（３） Ｎｏｒｔｈｅｒｎ ｂｌｏｔ 结果显示,人胎儿前列腺间质细胞中有两种 Ｏ Ｄ Ｃ ｍ Ｒ Ｎ Ａ,分别为 ２０ ｋｂ 和 ２６ ｋｂ,经扫描定量结果显示：１ ０００μｇ／ Ｌ Ｄ Ｈ Ｔ 对两种 Ｏ Ｄ Ｃ ｍ Ｒ Ｎ Ａ     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒研究进展

传染性法氏囊病(Infection bursal disease, IBD)是由鸡传染性法氏囊病毒(Infectious bursal disease virus, IBDV)引起的鸡和火鸡的一种高度接触性传染病,给世界各国的禽养殖业带来了巨大损失.自IBDV发现至今新的变异株不断出现,分子结构的改变导致病毒致病力的改变及宿主对疫苗应答的改变,使得传统的疫苗已不能控制其流行,因此各国学者对其基因组结构和功能进行了广泛深入的研究,并积极研制新型有效的疫苗以达到防治的目的.     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).