有氧运动对饮食性高脂血症小鼠血脂改善效果的观察

目的：观察以高脂膳食诱导C57BL／6J小鼠血脂水平的变化以及有氧运动对其的改善作用。方法：以高脂膳食诱导的高脂血症小鼠为模型,分析有氧运动20周后血清TC,TG,HDL-c,LDL-c和VLDL-c水平的变化。结果: 高脂膳食组(H组)血清TC、TG、LDL-c显著高于正常组(N组)、恢复正常膳食组(RS组)和恢复正常膳食结合运动组(RE组)而VLDL-c显著降低;恢复正常膳食结合运动组血清TG、TC、LDL-c的水平显著降低,且与正常对照组没有显著性差异。单纯恢复正常膳食组TG、TC、LDL-C也有所下降。但显著高于正常对照组。结论：研究提示,有氧运动对高脂血症有明显的治疗作用。     

长爪沙鼠高胆固醇血症模型的建立与辛伐他汀的作用

目的探索长爪沙鼠高胆固醇血症模型建立及辛伐他汀的影响。方法在饲喂长爪沙鼠高脂饲料的同时给予不同浓度辛伐他汀抑制胆固醇生物合成,通过观察肝脏颜色,测量体重、肝重、TC、LDL-C及HDL-C等血脂和肝功能指标判断高脂饲料和辛伐他汀对血脂和肝脏功能的影响。结果动物体重、肝重和肝脏指数没有显著变化。高脂饲料能够促进脂肪在肝脏的沉积,但是对AST和ALT等肝脏功能指标影响不显著;辛伐他汀能够有效抑制TC、LDL-C、HDL-C、TBA和GLU的升高,但对其他指标影响不明显。结论高脂饲料能够快速建立长爪沙鼠高胆固醇血症模型;辛伐他汀能够抑制内源性胆固醇的合成从而有效抑制血浆胆固醇（TC）、LDL-C和HDL-C的升高。结果表明,特殊的反馈调节机制导致长爪沙鼠无法在大量摄入胆固醇时终止内源性胆固醇的合成。长爪沙鼠特殊的反馈调节机制可能是易发高胆固醇血症的一个主要原因。     

三种啮齿类动物非酒精性脂肪肝形成及机制探讨

目的 分析物种差异对NAFLD模型复制的影响,探讨不同鼠种NAFLD形成及其机制.方法 长爪沙鼠、SD大鼠、ICR小鼠各20只,按种属随机分为对照组及模型组,对照组给予普通饲料,模型组给予高脂饲料.16周后,观察肝脏HE及Mallory三色染色病理变化,计算肝指数,检测血清血脂(CHO、TG、LDL-c、HDL-c)、肝功能(GOP、GPT)及肝组织中抗氧化酶(SOD、GSH-PX、CAT)活性及羟脯氨酸(Hyp)、丙二醛(MDA)、游离脂肪酸(FFA)水平.结果 与对照组比较,各模型组:沙鼠Hyp、CHO、TG、LDL-c、HDL-c、肝指数、GOP、GPT、MDA、FFA均升高,SOD、GSH-PX、CAT活性降低(P＜0.05,P＜0.01),肝脏出现纤维化;大鼠CHO、肝指数、GOP、GPT、FFA、SOD活性升高,MDA含量、GSH-PX、CAT活性降低(P ＜0.05,P＜0.01),有局灶性脂肪肝炎;小鼠CHO、LDL-c、HDL-c、肝指数、CAT活性升高,MDA含量降低(P ＜0.05,P＜0.01),肝脏病理正常.结论 三种动物在脂质代谢、肝功能、氧化应激等方面有显著的差异,并形成了不同的NAFLD模型:沙鼠形成伴高TG、CHO血症的肝纤维化模型、大鼠形成伴高CHO血症的局灶性脂肪肝炎模型、小鼠形成高胆固醇血症模型但肝脏未发生明显的病理改变.     

大黄素对高脂血症斑马鱼脂质代谢的作用研究

研究大黄素对高脂血症斑马鱼脂质代谢的作用。将5 dpf转基因Tg(fli1:eGFP)斑马鱼随机分成普通饲料组(NCD)、高胆固醇饲料组(HCD)、大黄素组(Emo)。NCD组饲喂普通饲料,HCD组饲喂高胆固醇饲料,Emo组饲喂高胆固醇饲料且加入不同浓度的大黄素(0.125、0.25、0.5μg/mL)。连续喂养10 d后,观测各组斑马鱼存活率、体重、体长、BMI的变化;在激光共聚焦显微镜下观察血管中胆固醇的积累;用总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-c)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-c)试剂盒测定斑马鱼体脂含量。结果显示,HCD组斑马鱼体重、体长均显著增加(P0.01);TC、TG、LDL-c水平以及血管中胆固醇含量均显著上升(P0.01);存活率、HDL-c水平均显著降低(P0.001)。不同浓度的大黄素均可提高斑马鱼存活率;体重、体长、血管中的胆固醇含量均显著降低(P0.01);TC和LDL-c水平均呈剂量依耐性下降(P0.01);HDL-c水平均呈剂量依耐性上升(P0.05)。大黄素对高脂血症斑马鱼脂代谢紊乱有较好的改善作用。     

磁处理水对家兔血脂影响的实验研究

目的:探讨饮用磁处理水时间的长短与降低家兔血脂的关系。方法:72只家兔平均分四组A组基础饲料组,饮自来水;B、C、D高脂饲料组,B组对照组饮自来水;C组治疗1组,30天后饮磁处理水,治疗30天后采耳血,分别测血清TC、TG、HDL-c、LDL-c水平。D组治疗2组,30天后饮磁处理水,治疗100天后采耳血,分别测血清TC、TG、HDL-c、LDL-c水平。结果:B组家兔血清TC、TG、HDL-c、LDL-c水平显著高于A组,(P<0.01);C组家兔TC、LDL-c水平显著低与B组(P<0.01);,但也显著高于A组(P<0.01);TG、HDL-c水平与B组相比无显著差异(P>0.05)。D组家兔血清TC、TG、LDL-c水平与B组相比均有明显下降(P<0.01),与A组比较差异无显著性(P>0.05),而HDL-c水平与A组比较明显上升(P<0.01)。结论:长期饮用磁处理水可以显著降低家兔血清高胆固醇含量,并恢复到正常状态。     

牛磺酸抗小鼠动脉粥样硬化的研究

为了探讨牛磺酸抗小鼠动脉粥样硬化的影响及可能机制,将C57BL/6J小鼠分成五组,正常对照组给予基础饲料喂养,高脂组给予高脂饲料,牛磺酸组分别给予含1.0%、3.0%和5.0%牛磺酸的高脂饲料,实验时间为90d。结果表明,高脂组小鼠主动脉内膜和肝脏发生了粥样硬化病变和脂肪变性,而牛磺酸组病变程度随剂量增大而减轻。高脂组较正常对照组血清及肝脏甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-c)、动脉硬化指数(AI)显著升高,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-c)显著降低;牛磺酸组较高脂组显著改善。可见牛磺酸可通过改善脂质代谢紊乱发挥抗动脉粥样硬化的作用。     

磁处理水对家兔血脂影响的实验研究

目的：探讨饮用磁处理水时间的长短与降低家兔血脂的关系.方法：72只家兔平均分四组A组基础饲料组,饮自来水;B、C、D高脂饲料组,B组对照组饮自来水;C组治疗1组,30天后饮磁处理水,治疗30天后采耳血,分别测血清TC、TG、HDL-c、LDL-c水平.D组治疗2组,30天后饮磁处理水,治疗100天后采耳血,分别测血清TC、TG、HDL-c、LDL-c水平.结果：B组家兔血清TC、TG、HDL-c、LDL-c水平显著高于A组,（P〈0.01）;C组家兔TC、LDL-c水平显著低与B组（P〈0.01）;,但也显著高于A组（P〈0.01）;TG、HDL-c水平与B组相比无显著差异（P〉0.05）.D组家兔血清TC、TG、LDL-c水平与B组相比均有明显下降（P〈0.01）,与A组比较差异无显著性（P〉0.05）,而HDL-c水平与A组比较明显上升（P〈0.01）.结论：长期饮用磁处理水可以显著降低家兔血清高胆固醇含量,并恢复到正常状态.     

低密度脂蛋白胆固醇升高在家兔动脉粥样硬化发生发展中的意义

目的观察低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-c)对家兔动脉粥样硬化(AS)形成的影响,探讨AS的发生机制。方法以高脂饲料复制家兔实验性AS模型,分阶段检测家兔血清胆固醇(TC)、甘油三脂(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-c)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-c)含量;观察主动脉内膜病理学变化;分析主动脉内膜增生程度及AS斑块面积与血浆脂蛋白水平的相关性。结果高脂组家兔主动脉粥样硬化面积和内膜增生程度明显较对照组增加(P<0.01),血浆LDL-c水平明显较对照组升高(P<0.01);动脉内膜增生程度及AS斑块面积均与血浆LDL-c水平呈非常显著正相关(r=0.837,P<0.001)。结论提示血浆LDL-c水平升高,是致AS发生发展的重要原因。     

低密度脂蛋白胆固醇升高在家兔动脉粥样硬化发生发展中的意义

目的：观察低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-c）对家兔动脉粥样硬化（AS）形成的影响,探讨AS的发生机制.方法：以高脂饲料复制家兔实验性AS模型,分阶段检测家兔血清胆固醇（TC）、甘油三脂（TG）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-c）和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-c）含量;观察主动脉内膜病理学变化;分析主动脉内膜增生程度及AS斑块面积与血浆脂蛋白水平的相关性.结果：高脂组家兔主动脉粥样硬化面积和内膜增生程度明显较对照组增加（P〈0.01）,血浆LDL-c水平明显较对照组升高（P〈0.01）;动脉内膜增生程度及AS斑块面积均与血浆LDL-c水平呈非常显著正相关（r=0.837,P〈0.001）.结论：提示血浆LDL-c水平升高,是致AS发生发展的重要原因.     

聚焦超声辐射高血脂大鼠涌泉穴对血脂水平的影响

目的研究聚焦超声辐射涌泉穴对血脂的影响.方法采用高脂饲料喂养建立高血脂大鼠模型,通过聚焦超声辐射高血脂模型大鼠涌泉穴,测定大鼠血清总胆固醇(tota cholesterol, TC)、甘油三脂 (triacylglycerol, TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high density lipoprotein, HDL-c)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low density lipoprotein, LDL-c)等指标.结果检测血清TC、TG、HDL-C、LDL-C水平,聚焦超声辐照涌泉穴可明显降低高血脂模型大鼠血清TC、TG(P＜0.05),而超声治疗组和针刺组无明显差异.结论聚焦超声辐射高血脂大鼠的涌泉穴位,可明显降低TC、TG,有调节血脂的作用.     

Effect of Curcuma kwangsiensis polysaccharides on blood lipid profiles and oxidative stress in high-fat rats

We have investigated the protective effect of polysaccharides from Curcuma kwangsiensis (CKP) against oxidative injury in rats fed high-fat diet. The protective effect of CKP was compared with Lovastatin, a well-known antioxidant. Sixty SD rats were used for the experimental study. Oxidative injury was induced by feeding high-fat diet for 3 weeks. The blood profiles, total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) levels during experimental period were significantly increased in untreated model control group, whereas high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) levels and antioxidant enzymes activities significantly decreased in untreated model control group. The levels of TC, TG, LDL-c levels in CKP-treated rats were decreased significantly when compared to the untreated model control group, which were brought down to near normal in CKP-treated group. HDL-c level and antioxidant enzymes activities were found to be significantly increased in serum of CKP-treated group compared to the untreated model control group. The protective effect of CKP against oxidative injury was comparable to that of Lovastatin. Our data suggest that CKP exerts its protective effect by modulating the extent of lipid peroxidation and augmenting antioxidant defense system and thus protects the experimental animals against oxidative injury induced by high-fat diet treatment.     

Effects of Apigenin on the Expression of LOX-1, Bcl-2, and Bax in Hyperlipidemia Rats

We aimed to investigate the impact of apigenin on LOX-1, Bcl-2, and Bax expression in hyperlipidemia rats and explore the possible molecular pathological mechanism of apigenin in improving hyperlipidemia and preventing atherosclerosis. In hyperlipidemia models, the levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) and the LOX-1 protein expression were apparently increased (P<0.01), while the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) levels and the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax were reduced significantly (P<0.01) in comparison with the standard control group. After the treatment of apigenin, the levels of TC, TG, LDL-c, and the LOX-1 protein expression were noticeably decreased (P<0.01), while the levels of HDL-c and the Bcl-2/Bax ratio were increased (P<0.01). The intima was thickened and had protrusions in the hyperlipidemia model group compared to the normal control group. In comparison with the atherosclerosis model group, the degree of aortic lesions in the low-dose, middle-dose, high-dose groups was alleviated. Apigenin can reduce the level of blood lipid, improve hyperlipidemia, and prevent atherosclerosis in hyperlipidemia rats. The molecular mechanism may be related to inhibiting LOX-1 gene expression and increasing the Bcl-2/Bax ratio.     

中老年男性患者血脂代谢特点及与年龄等因素的相关分析

目的:探讨中老年男性患者血脂代谢特点及与年龄等因素的相关性。方法:资料来自2006年6月于我院干部门诊进行健康查体的1603例中老年男性患者(排除正在服用降脂药物的患者),采用全自动生化分析仪对血清总胆固醇(TC)、血清甘油三酯(TG)、血清低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-c)、血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-c)、空腹血糖(FBG)、血肌酐(Cr)及血尿酸(UA)等指标进行测定,同时记录身高、体重及血压等基本资料。结果:入选患者血脂异常总检出率为56.27%,其中TC、TG、HDL-c及LDL-c异常检出率分别为36.74%、28.20%、10.79%及6.92%,以TC、TG异常为主。与50~59岁组相比,80岁以上高龄老年组TG异常及HDL-c异常检出率显著降低,TC及TG水平显著降低,HDL-c水平显著升高(P<0.05)。在校正BMI、SBP、DBP、UA、FBG及CCr等危险因素影响后的多元线性回归分析发现,年龄每升高10岁,TC、TG分别降低约0.097 mmol/L及0.087 mmol/L,HDL-c升高约0.113 mmol/L。结论:中老年男性患者血脂异常以高TC和高TG为主,TC、TG与年龄呈负相关,HDL-c与年龄呈正相关,需针对高龄老年患者血脂代谢特点进行合理调脂治疗。     

有氧运动联合破壁蛋白核小球藻对高脂膳食大鼠脂代谢某些指标的影响

目的：研究有氧运动联合破壁蛋白核小球藻对高脂膳食大鼠脂代谢某些指标的影响。方法：55只雄性Wistar大鼠经过适应性饲养4 d后进行3 d、20 min/d的无负重游泳训练,筛选淘汰5只不适应游泳训练的大鼠后,按体重以数字随机分组法分为5组：普通膳食+安静对照组（C组）、高脂膳食+安静对照组（H组）、高脂膳食+小球藻+安静对照组（HC组）、高脂膳食+有氧运动组（HM组）、高脂膳食+有氧运动+小球藻组（HMC）,每组10只。HM组和HMC组进行6周每周6次60 min/d的无负重游泳训练。C组大鼠以普通饲料常规喂养;其余各组以高脂饲料喂养;HC组和HMC组大鼠灌胃破壁小球藻1次,灌胃剂量为3.9 g/（kg·d）,灌胃体积为5 ml/kg,其余各组ig等量生理盐水。6周后,测定大鼠Lee’s指数,取血、肝脏检测相关生化指标。结果：与C组比较,H组Lee’s指数,血清FFA、IL-6、TNF-α、TC、TG、LDL-c,肝脏FFA、IL-10显著升高（P<0.01）;血清HDL-c水平显著降低（P< 0.01）。与H组比较,HC、HM、HMC组Lee’s指数,血清FFA、IL-6、TNF-α、TC、TG、LDL-c,肝脏FFA、IL-10显著降低（P<0.05或P<0.01）;血清HDL-c水平显著升高（P<0.05或P<0.01）。与HC、HM组比较,HMC组Lee’s指数,血清FFA、IL-6、TNF-α、TC、TG、LDL-c,肝脏FFA、IL-10显著降低（P<0.05）;血清HDL-c水平显著升高（P<0.05）。结论：有氧运动和破壁蛋白核小球藻干预能够不同程度改善高脂膳食大鼠脂代谢,降低肥胖对肝脏造成的脂毒性。其中联合干预较单一干预更为有效。     

有氧运动对非酒精性脂肪肝小鼠肝脏CNPY2-PERK通路的影响*

目的: 探讨有氧运动对高脂诱导小鼠非酒精性脂肪肝(NAFLD)的影响及其肝脏冠层成纤维细胞生长因子信号调节器 2 (CNPY2) - PKR样内质网激酶(PERK)机制。方法: 8周龄雄性C57BL/6J小鼠随机分为对照组(C)、对照+运动组(CE),NAFLD模型组(M)和NAFLD模型+运动组(ME),每组10只。C组和CE组小鼠给予普通饲料,M组和ME组小鼠给予高脂饲料(脂肪供能占比为60 %),连续喂养18周至实验结束,取小鼠血清和肝脏。CE组和ME组从第10周起进行有氧跑台训练(12 m/min,每次60 min,每周5 d)。检测小鼠血清总胆固醇(TC)、总甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-c)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-c)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)和天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)水平;观察小鼠肝组织病理学形态;检测肝组织CNPY2、PERK、p-eIF2a、CHOP、CNPY2 mRNA、PERK mRNA表达和CNPY2、PERK的阳性表达。结果: 与C组比较,M 组小鼠的血清LDL-c、TC、TG、ALT和AST水平显著升高(P＜0.05),HDL-c水平显著降低(P＜0.05);小鼠肝组织可见明显的肝脂肪性变,肝细胞脂滴数量增加,肝组织的CNPY2、CNPY2 mRNA、PERK、PERK mRNA、p-eIF2a、CHOP表达、CNPY2和PERK阳性表达均显著升高(P＜0.05);而CE组的上述指标均没有显著性差异(P＞0.05 )。与M 组比较,ME组小鼠的血清LDL-c、TC、TG、ALT和AST水平显著降低(P＜0.05),小鼠肝组织脂肪性变明显减轻,肝细胞脂滴数量显著减少,肝组织的CNPY2、CNPY2 mRNA、PERK、PERK mRNA、p-eIF2a、CHOP表达、CNPY2和PERK阳性表达均显著降低(P＜ 0.05)。结论: CNPY2-PERK通路参与NAFLD的形成。有氧运动可有效改善NAFLD,其机制可能与有氧运动降低CNPY2-PERK通路相关分子表达有关。     

芝麻素散剂调血脂作用研究

目的：观察芝麻素散剂对实验性高脂血症大鼠血脂的影响。方法：在给大鼠喂以高脂饲料的同时灌胃芝麻素散剂14天后测定血清总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL－C）水平。结果：芝麻素散剂明显抑制TC、LDL－C的升高。结论：芝麻素散剂对大鼠实验性高脂血症有显著的预防作用。     

Effect of spermine on lipid profile and HDL functionality in the streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat model

This study aimed to investigate the effect of spermine (Spm) as a chemical chaperone and glycation inhibitor on the lipid profile and HDL functionality in the short- and long-term treatment of the STZ-induced diabetic rats. Male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups (control, n=7; diabetic, n=9). Two groups (named 2 and 3) were injected intraperitoneally with streptozotocin. Control rats (named 1 and 4) were injected with vehicle alone. The treatment of diabetic and control animals (groups 3 and 4) with 60 micromol/l of Spm in drinking water was begun. The study continued up to the end of the fifth month. The serum glucose and insulin level, AGE formation, lipid profile, paraoxonase 1 (PON1), and lecithin: cholesterol acyl transferase (LCAT) activities were measured. Significantly lower plasma PON1, and LCAT activities and higher serum AGE, TG, TC and LDL-c, and lower HDL-c were seen in diabetic rats as compared to control groups (P<0.01). The increased AGE, TG, TC and LDL-c levels in diabetic groups decreased gradually after receiving Spm. In addition, due to Spm administration, an increase in the HDL-c level was observed after the first month of the experiment (P<0.01). The increase in the PON1 and LCAT activities in the diabetic group that received Spm was significant after the second and the forth month of the experiment, P<0.02 and P<0.05, respectively. In conclusion, spermine administration attenuated the changed parameters to near normal values in diabetic rats. Spermine, despite a lack of significant changes on glucose metabolism and insulin secretion, was found to improve diabetes complications.     

Single intravenous injection of plasmid DNA encoding human paraoxonase-1 inhibits hyperlipidemia in rats

Paraoxonase-1 (PON1, EC 3.1.8.1) is a high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-associated antioxidant enzyme, and its activity correlates negatively with the level of plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglyceridemia (TG). In this study, we examined the therapeutic effect of plasmid DNA containing the human PON1 gene (pcDNA/PON1) in hyperlipidemic model rats. The rats were fed a high-fat and high-cholesterol diet for 25 days to produce a hyperlipidemic animal model. Single intravenous injection of pcDNA/PON1 into model rats prevented dyslipidemia and hepatic lipid accumulation. The mechanisms of pcDNA/PON1 in treating hyperlipidemia were associated with increases of serum antioxidant PON1 and SOD activities, and with reduction of the levels of total cholesterol (TC), LDL-C and TG. The results suggest the potential therapeutic effect of pcDNA/PON1 on hyperlipidemia.