应用高新生物技术的现状、前景及紧迫性

应用高新生物技术的现状、前景及紧迫性李向明（卫生部武汉生物制品研究所,武汉４３００６０）生物技术及其产品在不同的发展时期有不同的涵义及内容,现代生物技术是以分子生物学基因工程方法为先导或基础的。当今的生物技术包括了四、五个分支领域：基因工程（蛋白工程...     

生物制品专刊序言

生物制品是一类预防、诊断和治疗疫病的特殊制剂。生物制品的研发是融合微生物学、免疫学、分子生物学、细胞学、基因工程及发酵工艺等学科知识的综合技术体现。生物制品产业是整个生物技术产业的核心和热点。近年来,我国在生物制品研发方面取得了较大进步,为促进我国生物制品研究的交流,本期“生物制品”专刊集中展现了我国生物制品研究人员在预防生物制品、诊断制品、治疗生物制品领域所取得的最新进展。     

深化科技体制改革 发展生物制品事业

医药生物技术作为一个新兴的高新技术产业近几年内得到迅猛发展,本文主要介绍了国内外特别是美国医药生物技术产业的发展状况及研究开发状况,以及国外医药生物技术研究开发的新动态,简单分析了我国生物制品行业的现状及存在的问题,并根据国内外生物制品发展的差距及存在的问题,提出了发展我国生物制品事业的粗浅建议和发展对策。     

《生物产业技术》创刊五周年回顾之农业生物技术篇

农业是生物技术应用极为广泛的领域,以现代生物技术为核心的农业科技革命,推动了农业生物技术的快速发展．归纳起来农业生物技术在农业生产中的应用主要有基因工程、胚胎移植、克隆技术、农业生物质利用、兽用生物制品开发等．这些新技术为应对世界性的人口激增、耕地锐减、粮食短缺、农药过度使用、环境恶化和能源危机等问题提供了新的手段和方法。     

《微生物学免疫学进展》2018年征订启事

<正>《微生物学免疫学进展》1973年创刊,系中国生物技术股份有限公司主管、兰州生物制品研究所有限责任公司主办、中华预防医学会系列杂志之一。本刊宗旨为:报道国内外微生物学、免疫学及相关领域的新理论、新进展、新方法、新技术、新成果等,传播科技信息,促进学术交流及应用,为微生物学、免疫学及相关领域     

《微生物学免疫学进展》2019年征订启事

《微生物学免疫学进展》1973年创刊,系中国生物技术股份有限公司主管、兰州生物制品研究所有限责任公司主办、中华预防医学会系列杂志之一。本刊宗旨为:报道国内外微生物学、免疫学及相关领域的新理论、新进展、新方法、新技术、新成果等,传播科技信息,促进学术交流及应用,为微生物学、免疫学及相关领域事业的发展与进步服务。     

《微生物学免疫学进展》2020年征订启事

<正>《微生物学免疫学进展》1973年创刊,系中国生物技术股份有限公司主管、兰州生物制品研究所有限责任公司主办、中华预防医学会系列杂志之一。本刊宗旨为:报道国内外微生物学、免疫学及相关领域的新理论、新进展、新方法、新技术、新成果等,传播科技信息,促进学术交流及应用,为微生物学、免疫学及相关领域事业的发展与进步服务。     

《微生物学免疫学进展》2018年征订启事

<正>《微生物学免疫学进展》1973年创刊,系中国生物技术股份有限公司主管、兰州生物制品研究所有限责任公司主办、中华预防医学会系列杂志之一。本刊宗旨为:报道国内外微生物学、免疫学及相关领域的新理论、新进展、新方法、新技术、新成果等,传播科技信息,促进学术交流及应用,为微生物学、免疫学及相关领域事业的发展与进步服务。     

《微生物学免疫学进展》2018年征订启事

<正>《微生物学免疫学进展》1973年创刊,系中国生物技术股份有限公司主管、兰州生物制品研究所有限责任公司主办、中华预防医学会系列杂志之一。本刊宗旨为:报道国内外微生物学、免疫学及相关领域的新理论、新进展、新方法、新技术、新成果等,传播科技信息,促进学术交流及应用,为微生物学、免疫学及相关领域事业的发展与进步服务。     

《微生物学免疫学进展》2018年征订启事

<正>《微生物学免疫学进展》1973年创刊,系中国生物技术股份有限公司主管、兰州生物制品研究所有限责任公司主办、中华预防医学会系列杂志之一。本刊宗旨为:报道国内外微生物学、免疫学及相关领域的新理论、新进展、新方法、新技术、新成果等,传播科技信息,促进学术交流及应用,为微生物学、免疫学及相关领域事业的发展与进步服务。     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.     

Detection of EBV and HHV6 in the Brain Tissue of Patients with Rasmussen’s Encephalitis

Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE) is a rare pediatric neurological disorder, and the exact etiology is not clear. Viral infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of RE, but conflicting results have reported. In this study, we evaluated the expression of both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus (HHV) 6 antigens in brain sections from 30 patients with RE and 16 control individuals by immunohistochemistry. In the RE group, EBV and HHV6 antigens were detected in 56.7% (17/30) and 50% (15/30) of individuals, respectively. In contrast, no detectable EBV and HHV6 antigen expression was found in brain tissues of the control group. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in 20.0% (6/30) of individuals. In particular, a 4-year-old boy had a typical clinical course, including a medical history of viral encephalitis, intractable epilepsy, and hemispheric atrophy. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in neurons and astrocytes in the brain tissue, accompanied by a high frequency of CD8⁺ T cells. Our results suggest that EBV and HHV6 infection and the activation of CD8⁺ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RE.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.