耳聋左慈丸对老年肾虚耳聋患者血清TNF-alpha、IL-1beta和IL-6 的影响

目的：探讨耳聋左慈丸对老年肾虚耳聋患者血清TNF-alpha、IL-1beta和IL-6 的影响。方法：选取2014 年4 月至2015 年1 月于我 院以肾虚耳聋为诊断而收入院患者60 例，随机分为实验组和对照组。均给予银杏叶提取物注射液治疗，将10 mL银杏叶提取物 注射液溶于0.9 %氯化钠注射液100 mL，日一次静点；盐酸氟桂利嗪胶囊10 mg，日一次睡前口服，连用14 天为一疗程。实验组在 此基础上加用耳聋左慈丸一次8 丸，一日3 次口服，14 天为一疗程。治疗后通过电测听对患者治疗前后耳聋等级进行测定；并分 别于患者治疗前、治疗第7 天、第14 天采静脉血5 mL，离心取血清，用ELISA 法测定TNF-alpha、IL-1beta和IL-6。结果：①治疗后两组 进行电测听，耳聋等级测定均较治疗前改善，分级呈整体性下降，说明患者耳聋程度经治疗均有所好转，但实验组与对照组相比， 改善更为明显，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；②治疗后第7、14 天，实验组与对照组TNF-琢、IL-1茁和IL-6 均呈逐渐下降趋势，差 异有统计学意义（P＜0.05），相比于对照组，实验组TNF-alpha、IL-1beta和IL-6 下降趋势更为明显，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论： 耳聋左慈丸可明显改善老年肾虚耳聋患者耳聋等级以及血清TNF-alpha、IL-1beta和IL-6 水平，对临床具有指导意义。     

胆囊切除术后患者IL-6、IL-10 及TNF-alpha水平的变化及意义

目的：探讨胆囊摘除术后患者IL-6,IL-10 以及TNF-alpha水平变化。方法：选取我院收治的行胆囊切除术患者120 例,根据手术 方式的不同随机分为实验组60 例,为腹腔镜胆囊切除术患者,对照组60 例,为常规开腹切除术患者。观察并比较术前、术后第1 天、第2 天、第3 天患者的IL-6,IL-10、TNF-alpha水平以及术后患者的疲劳情况。结果：①手术后,两组患者较手术前IL-6 均有所升 高,且对照组较实验组升高明显,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);两组患者较手术前IL-10 均有所降低,且对照组较实验组降低明 显,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。②手术后,两组与手术前相比较TNF-alpha水平明显升高,与实验组相比较,对照组升高明显,差异 有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。③手术后,两组的疲劳情况相比较,实验组明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。结论：胆囊切除 术后患者IL-6,IL-10,以及TNF-alpha均有所升高,说明应激反应正在发生,进而出现术后疲劳。     

血清IL-6 及S-100B 水平对颅脑损伤严重程度和预后评估的临床意义

目的:探讨血清IL-6及S-100B水平变化对颅脑损伤患者病情程度及预后评估的临床价值。方法:选择我院2013年7月~2015年7月收治的颅脑损伤患者100例为研究对象,依据格拉斯哥昏迷评分(GCS)将患者分为特重型损伤组、重型损伤组、中型损伤组和轻型损伤组,每组25例。另选择同期在我院接受体检的25位健康志愿者作为对照组。采用酶联免疫吸附法检测各组研究对象不同时间点血清IL-6及S-100B水平,并分析IL-6及S-100B水平变化与颅脑损伤程度及预后的关系。结果:颅脑损伤后第1、3、5、7、14天患者血清IL-6及S-100B水平均显著高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。在相同检测时间,损伤程度越重的患者其血清IL-6及S-100B水平越高,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);相同损伤程度颅脑损伤患者随着损伤时间延长,其血清IL-6水平越高,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);相同损伤程度颅脑损伤患者血清S-100B水平在损伤后第1天开始上升,第3天达到高峰,第5天开始下降,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。颅脑损伤患者血清IL-6和S-100B水平与格拉斯哥预后评分(GOS)和格拉斯哥昏迷评分(GCS)呈负相关(rIL-6=-0.812、-0.770,rS-100B=-0.767、-0.831,P0.05),与颅脑损伤程度呈正相关关系(r=0.776、0.791,P0.05)。结论:血清IL-6和S-100B水平与颅脑损伤患者病情严重程度和预后相关,对颅脑损伤程度的临床诊断及预后评估具有重要参考价值。     

糖皮质激素对大叶性肺炎患儿血清TNF-alpha、IL-6、IL-8水平的影响

目的：探究糖皮质激素对大叶性肺炎患儿血清TNF-alpha、IL-6、IL-8 水平的影响。方法：选取2014 年3 月至2014 年8月我院收 治的大叶性肺炎患儿60 例,并将其随机分为对照组和实验组。对照组30 例,给抗炎、退热、镇咳、平喘等临床常规治疗;实验组30 例,在与对照组相同治疗的基础上加用糖皮质激素联合治疗。治疗结束后,比较两组患儿治疗前后血清TNF-alpha、IL-6、IL-8 水平的 变化。结果：治疗前,两组患儿的血清TNF-alpha、IL-6、IL-8 水平比较均无统计学差异(P 均>0.05);治疗后,两组患儿的血清TNF- alpha、 IL-6、IL-8 水平均较治疗前显著降低(P 均<0.05),且实验组患儿的血清TNF-alpha、IL-6、IL-8 水平均显著低于对照组,差异均有统计 学意义(P 均<0.05)。结论：糖皮质激素辅助治疗可降低大叶性肺炎患儿血清TNF-alpha、IL-6、IL-8 的水平,这可能是其治疗儿童大叶 性肺炎的药理学作用之一。     

血必净注射液对重型颅脑损伤患者的神经保护及其机制研究

目的:探讨血必净注射液对重型颅脑损伤患者的神经保护作用及其机制。方法:将2012年1月至2014年12月我院收治的200例重型颅脑损伤患者分为研究组(100例)和对照组(100例),另选取100例同期在我院体检的健康者为正常组。对照组给予常规治疗,研究组在对照组基础上静脉滴注血必净注射液,治疗后第1天、第3天、第5天、第7天时观察各组TNF-α及IL-6水平变化。结果:对照组、研究组各时间点TNF-α及IL-6水平均高于正常组(均P0.05),且研究组的TNF-α及IL-6水平均低于对照组(均P0.05)。结论:血必净注射液对重型颅脑损伤患者的神经具有保护作用,其作用机制可能跟降低炎症反应有关。     

不同浓度的尿酸对软骨细胞活性及炎症因子表达的影响

目的：检测软骨细胞在不同浓度尿酸（uric acid, UA）环境下的活性及其白介素-1beta（IL-1beta）和肿瘤坏死因子-alpha（TNF-alpha）的表 达水平的变化,探讨不同浓度的尿酸对软骨的影响。方法：分别用0、4、8、10、16、32 mg/dL的尿酸溶液培养大鼠关节软骨细胞, MTT 比色法检测软骨细胞活力,ELISA 方法检测细胞培养液中IL-1beta、TNF-alpha的浓度。结果：4 mg/dL UA 组软骨细胞活性低于对 照组（0 mg/dL),差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05);8、10、16、32 mg/dL UA 组软骨细胞活性均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜ 0.05),且其活性随着尿酸浓度的升高而降低。4、8、10 mg/dL UA 组IL-1beta、TNF-alpha的水平均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜ 0.05),其水平随尿酸浓度的升高而增加。10、16、32 mg/dL UA 组IL-1beta、TNF-alpha的水平亦均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜ 0.05),但其水平随着尿酸浓度的升高而降低。结论：尿酸可以抑制软骨细胞的活性;同时,在4-10 mg/dL浓度范围内明显促进软骨 细胞IL-1beta、TNF-alpha的表达,但高于10 mg/dL后,随着细胞活性的严重降低其促进作用逐渐减弱。这可能是尿酸参与软骨破坏及 骨关节炎发生的重要因素。     

浆细胞性乳腺炎组织中IL-1beta及TNF-alpha的表达及临床意义

目的：研究浆细胞性乳腺炎（PCM）组织中白细胞介素-1beta（IL-1beta）及肿瘤坏死因子-alpha（TNF-alpha）的表达及其临床意义。方法：选 择2013 年11 月到2016 年4 月在内蒙古自治区人民医院就诊的PCM 患者50例作为观察组,选择上述观察组患者中距炎性肿 物边缘>3cm 且镜检为正常乳腺组织23例作为对照组,比较两组组织中IL-1beta及TNF-alpha的表达,分析不同临床分期和分型者 IL-1beta及TNF-alpha的表达及相关性。结果：观察组组织中的IL-1beta及TNF-alpha的表达水平均分别明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义 （P<0.05）;观察组急性期及亚急性期的患者IL-1beta及TNF-alpha水平分别明显高于慢性期,且急性期明显高于亚急性期,差异均有统 计学意义（P<0.05）;不同临床分型者的IL-1茁及TNF-琢水平相比,差异均无统计学意义（P＞ 0.05）;依照PEARSON法分析相关性 发现,观察组不同临床分期患者的IL-1茁及TNF-琢呈正相关（r=0.860,P=0.000）。结论：PCM组织中的IL-1beta及TNF-alpha高表达,且 两者对PCM 的发展发挥了协同作用。     

颈部低度迷走神经刺激对老年房颤患者血清CRP、TNF-alpha及MMP-9/TIMP-1水平的影响

目的：探讨颈部低度迷走神经刺激对老年房颤患者血清C 反应蛋白(CRP)、肿瘤坏死因子-alpha(TNF-alpha)及基质金属蛋白酶-9 (MMP-9)、基质金属蛋白酶抑制剂-1(TIMP-1)的影响。方法：选取我院收治的老年房颤患者126 例,根据治疗方法的不同分为两 组。对照组63 例,予常规治疗,日1 次,7 天为1 个疗程,治疗2 个疗程;实验组63 例,在对照组的基础上加以颈部低度迷走神经 刺激术。治疗后,观察并比较两组患者的CRP、TNF-alpha及MMP-9、TIMP-1 的变化情况。结果：治疗后,两组患者的血清CRP、TNF -alpha、MMP-9及TIMP-1 均较治疗前显著降低,且实验组显著低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。实验组治疗后6个月内房 颤的发生率显著降低,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。结论：颈部低度迷走神经刺激能够有效降低老年房颤患者的复发率,这可能 与其降低血清CRP、TNF-alpha,MMP-9、TIMP-1 的水平有关。     

顺铂联合针灸疗法对晚期肺癌患者血清CSF、TNF-alpha与IL2水平的影响

目的：探究顺铂联合针灸疗法对晚期肺癌患者血清集落刺激因子(CSF)、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-alpha)与白细胞介素2(IL2)水平的 影响。方法：选取我院肿瘤科收治的晚期肺癌患者60 例,并将其随机分为对照组和实验组。对照组30 例患者仅予顺铂常规治疗; 实验组30 例患者顺铂在常规治疗的基础上加用针刺肺俞、丰隆、中府、太渊、尺泽、心俞、天宗、膻中、膏肓、尺泽、背压痛点、灸丹 田穴位。治疗前后,检测和比较两组患者的血清CSF、TNF-alpha与IL2 水平。结果：治疗前,两组患者的血清CSF、TNF-alpha、IL2 水平比 较均无统计学差异(P>0.05);治疗后,两组的血清CSF、TNF-alpha、IL2水平均较治疗前降低,且实验组显著低于对照组,差异均有统计 学意义(P＜0.05)。实验组的治疗总有效率明显高于对照组,脱发、失眠、白细胞减少的发生率均明显低于对照组,差异均具有统计 学意义(P＜0.05)。结论：顺铂联合针灸治疗能够明显降低晚期肺癌患者的血清CSF、TNF-alpha与IL2 水平,进而可能提高患者的免疫 功能和临床疗效,值得临床进一步研究和推广应用。     

醒脑静注射液对老年肺炎支原体肺炎患者血清TNF-alpha、CRP水平及免疫 功能的影响

目的：探讨醒脑静注射液对老年肺炎支原体肺炎患者血清肿瘤坏死因子-alpha(TNF-alpha)、C- 反应蛋白(CRP)水平及免疫功能影 响。方法：收集我院收治的老年肺炎支原体肺炎患者80例,随机分为实验组和对照组。对照组予阿奇霉素治疗,实验组在对照组 基础上加用醒脑静注射液。分别于治疗前、治疗后测定和比较两组血清TNF-alpha、CRP、CD3+、CD4+、CD8+水平,并对比较两组患者 咳嗽、头痛、发热等症状及X 线检查肺部阴影消失时间。结果：①治疗后,两组患者血清TNF-alpha、CRP水平均下降,实验组比对照组 下降更明显;CD3+、CD4+均上升,CD8+均下降,实验组较对照组上升及下降均更明显,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);②治疗后,实 验组咳嗽、头痛、X 线肺部阴影等各症状及体征消失时间均明显短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。结论：醒脑静注射液可 显著降低老年肺炎支原体肺炎患者血清TNF-alpha、CRP水平,调节机体细胞免疫功能,显著改善患者的症状及体征。     

六种藓类植物茎的比较解剖学研究

通过对6种藓类植物,即褶叶青藓(Brachythecium salebrosum(Web.et Mohr.)B.S.G.)、湿地匐灯藓(Plagiomnium acutum(Lindb.)Kop.)、侧枝匐灯藓(Plagiomnium maximoviczii(Lindb.)Kop.)、大凤尾藓(Fissidensnobilis Griff.)、大羽藓(Thuidium cymbifolium(Doz.et Molk.)B.S.G.)和大灰藓(Hypnum plumaeforme Wils.)嫩茎和老茎的石蜡切片和显微观察发现,同一藓类植株的嫩茎和老茎,茎结构稳定,不同种藓类植物茎横切面具有不同特征.植物体茎横切面形状、表层细胞的层数、细胞大小和细胞壁厚薄、皮层细胞大小和形状、中轴的有无以及比例等特征可以作为藓类植物的分科分类依据之一.     

Cause of Senescence of Nine Sorts of Flowers

The levels of endogenous phytohormones and respiratory rate in nine sorts of flowers such as Cymbidium faberi Rolfe, Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth and others were investigated both at full bloom and senescence and meanwhile the effect of exogenous phytohormones on prolonging the blossoms and promoting ethylene production were tested. There is a high content of endogenous ethylene in all the long-lived flowere, about 3–16 folds higer than the short-lived ones. There is a high level of ABA at full blooming flowers of short-lived flowers, in which there is no or only some cytokinins in it, but the ratio of CTK (6BA+zeatin)/ABA is smaller(l.7). The endogenous ABA reached a much higher level at senescence in all nine sorts of flowers, so it is reasonable to consider that it is ABA which plays an important role of regulation in controlling flower's senescence. There is a much higher level of GA3 and zeatin in the long-lived flowers which is not demonstrated in the shortlived ones. The respiratory rate is one of the factors controtling the longevity of flowers, but it does not play a decided role. Application of 6BA and zeatin prolongs distinctly orchid’s longevity, however exogenous IAA through the promotive action on ethylene production, evidently extends the longevity of the flowers of the Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth.     

Photoregulation of seed germination of wild-type and of an aurea-mutant of tomato

Seed germination of an aurea mutant of tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is promoted by continuous irradiation with red, far-red or long-wavelength far-red (758 nm) light as well as by cyclic irradiations (5 min red or 5 min far-red/25 min darkness). Far-red light applied immediately after each red does not change the germination behaviour. Seed germination of the isogenic wild-type, cv. UC-105, is promoted by continuous and cyclic red light while it is inhibited by continuous and cyclic far-red light and by continious 758 nm irradiation. Far-red irradiation reverses almost completely the promoting effect of red light. The promoting effect (in the aurea mutant) and the inhibitory effect (in the wild-type) of continuous far-red light do not show photon fluence rate dependency above 20 nmol m⁻² s⁻¹. It is concluded that phytochrome controls tomato seed germination throgh low energy responses in both the wild type and the au mutant. The promoting effect of continuous and cyclic far-red light in the au mutant can be attributed to a greater sensitivity to P_fr.     

真菌类遗传学分析的知识结构教学

本文以认知结构理论为指导,讨论了真菌类遗传分析与高等动植物遗传分析的内在联系,认为利用这种内在联系进行教学可收到好的效果并说明了作者的具体教学过程。 Abstract:In the paper, the relationship between genetic analysis of Fungi and genetic analysis of high animal and plant was discussed.A good results were obtained when we adopted this method in the teaching.     

龙胆科药用植物化学成分的研究现状

龙胆科植物在我国的分布范围很广,且多数为药用植物,其多数种属的药用植物,至今其化学成分尚未被系统研究。综述了目前龙胆科药用植物的化学成分的研究现状及一般提取方法,对近年来发现的环烯醚萜及裂环烯醚萜类化合物进行了总结,为本科药用植物的更深入研究提供了参考。     

The effects of glutamine of the maintenance of embryogenic cultures of Cryptomeria japonica

Summary Embryogenic tissues of sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) were induced on a modified Campbell and Durzan (CD) medium containing 1 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 600 mg l⁻¹ glutamine, and subcultured in the medium of the same composition for over 1 yr. This resulted in a mixed culture of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells. When embryogenic cells were isolated and cultured independently, their capacity to form embryogenic aggregates was lost. Thus, the non-embryogenic cells present within a mixed culture system were essential to the formation of embryogenic aggregates. When embryogenic tissues were isolated and cultured independently on a high glutamine-containing (2400 mg l⁻¹) medium, dry weights and endogenous levels of glutamine increased, and the tissue could generate a large number of embryogenic aggregates. Amino acid analysis of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells from the maintenance culture indicated a higher level of glutamine was present in the latter. The high endogenous level of glutamine in the non-embryogenic portion of mixed cell masses may be the supplier of glutamine for maintaining the embryogenic property of the tissues.     

Specificity of action of piperidylcholine derivatives as substrates of cholinesterases of various origin

The review deals with study of enzymologic properties of a novel highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate, N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium iodomethylate (“piperidylcholine”), and its 30 derivatives that were tested as effectors of cholinesterases of mammals and various species of Pacific squids. It was proven for the first time that responsible for specificity of action was structure of cyclic ammonium grouping of the alcohol part of molecule of the ester substrate. Analysis of specificity is performed based on enzymatic hydrolysis parameters—activity of catalytic center of cholinesterases and bimolecular constant of the reaction rate that are determined at optimal and low substrate concentrations. Among the specially synthesized group of thioester compounds there is revealed one more highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate—N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium.     

Interconnection of parameters of regulation system of lipid peroxidation and of morphophysiological parameters of mouse liver

A complex analysis of seasonal fluctuations of the mean group parameters of the system of regulation of lipid peroxidation has been performed in liver of Balb/c mice. Association of lipid characteristics and morphophysiological parameters is studied in the Balb/c mouse liver. An inter-connection is revealed between the liver index and the amount of lysoforms of phospholipids, the scale and character of the interconnection differing essentially depending on proportion of phos-phatidylcholine in mouse liver phospholipids.