红树植物人工湿地对生活污水的净化效果

研究了潜流型海桑（Sonneratia caseolaris）人工湿地、桐花树（Aegiceras corniculatum）人工湿地和木榄（Bruguiera gymnorrhiza）人工湿地对生活污水的净化效果。一年来,3种红树植物人工湿地对BOD5、CODCr、TP、TN、NH4^＋-N和NO2^--N的平均去除率分别达到83%、71%、41%、55%、50%和84%以上。人工湿地各处理周期之间,BOD5和CODCr去除率波动较小,而TP、TN、NH4^＋-N和NO2^--N去除率波动较大。3种红树植物人工湿地对各种污染物的净化效果存在一定的差异。海桑人工湿地和桐花树人工湿地对BOD5、CODCr、TP、TN和NH4^＋-N去除率明显高于木榄人工湿地,而海桑人工湿地和桐花树人工湿地相比较,除TP外,BOD5、CODCr、TN和NH4^＋-N去除率没有显著差异。人工湿地单一处理周期内,去除率随水力停留时间（HRT）的延长而增加。BOD5、CODCr、TN和NH4^＋-N在HRT为1d和2d的去除率分别为HRT为3d去除率的54%-65%和73%-84%,NO2^--N在HRT为1d和2d的去除率分别达到了HRT为3d的70%-81%和85%-94%,而TP在HRT为1d和2d的去除率分别只有HRT为3d的39%-50%和65%-74%。另外,红树植物人工湿地与风车草（Cyperus alternifoliu）人工湿地相比,前者的BOD5、CODCr、TP、TN和NH4^＋-N去除率明显小于后者（P〈0.05）。总体上看,3种红树植物人工湿地对生活污水的净化效果呈现海桑人工湿地≈桐花树人工湿地〉木榄人工湿地。     

红树林人工湿地对生活污水的净化效果

建立3条结构相同的潜流人工湿地带(长×宽×高为33 m×3 m×0.5 m),带内分别种植外来种海桑和本地种秋茄、桐花树,水力负荷为5 m3·d-1,停留时间约3 d,连续2年监测。结果表明:各湿地带对CODcr、BOD5、TN、NH3-N、TP和SP的平均去除率分别为65%、74%、53%、52%、67%和70%;不同红树植物湿地带的去除能力不同,且与植物生长状况相关;湿地运行初期,海桑生长速度最快,其去污能力最强;其后海桑受到化学试剂的影响死亡1/2,其去污能力显著低于桐花树和秋茄;各湿地带对肠道菌群的去除率均高于80%,不同植物之间无显著差异,但出水中的菌体数量远高于国家污水排放标准,应结合其他措施(如氯化消毒等)处理肠道菌群;红树林是比较理想的人工湿地净化植物,但外来种海桑对化学试剂、低温等不良环境敏感,生长不稳定,需进一步探讨红树林作为人工湿地净化植物的可行性。     

柊叶和象草波式潜流人工湿地的对比研究

为探索柊叶和象草在人工湿地中的应用及其净化机理,该研究以柊叶和象草为人工湿地植物分别构建了波式潜流人工湿地系统,分析了柊叶和象草波式潜流人工湿地对生活污水中COD_(cr)、TN和TP的净化效果,观察了柊叶和象草两种植物在不同季节的生长状况。结果表明:经过15个月的连续运行,在表面水力负荷约0.3 m·d~(-1)的条件下,柊叶和象草波式潜流人工湿地平均去除率是COD_(cr)分别为66.1%和70.1%,TN分别为60.4%和63.7%,TP分别为74.1%和75.1%。两种植物生长良好,根系发达,象草的地上生物量是柊叶的2.1倍,地下生物量相当;冬季象草生长缓慢,柊叶部分叶片的四周干枯,但二者都不会枯亡。这说明两个人工湿地对COD_(cr)、TN和TP都具有较好的去除效果,但无显著性差异,柊叶和象草能明显提高潜流人工湿地的净化效果。     

四种湿地植物在人工湿地的生长特性研究

研究了表面流人工湿地中香根草(Vetiveria zizanioides)、风车草(Cyperus flabelliformis)、芦苇(Phrogmites australis)和水鬼蕉(Hymenocallis littoralis)4种植物的根生物量和生长量、根系分布、地上部分的生长情况.风车草、香根草和水鬼蕉根系及地上部分的生长节律相似,9月或10月前生长较快,以后生长减慢甚至停止;芦苇则不同,7月以前生长缓慢,以后生长加速,冬季也保持较快的生长.全年根生长量和根生物量以水鬼蕉最大,显著高于其它植物(P<0.01),香根草最小,显著低于其它3种植物(P<0.01).香根草的根系垂直向下生长,分布较深,而其它3种植物的根系主要分布在浅层土壤中.风车草分株最多,叶面积指数最大.香根草叶面积指数最小.结果表明,在构建多种植物人工湿地群落时,可以考虑将芦苇与大多数湿地植物搭配以保证湿地全年保持较好的净化效果;水鬼蕉可以作为底层植物,和风车草等生长早、植株较高的植物构建多种湿地群落.     

光照，施肥及刈割对垂穗披碱草生长的影响

以甘南高寒草甸常见牧草垂穗披碱草（Elymus nutans）为研究对象,比较不同光照、肥力条件下,垂穗披碱草对刈割的生长和补偿反应。研究发现,光照和肥力存在交互作用。施肥、中度光照下,未刈割单株垂穗披碱草地上生物量最大,为3．239g。施肥、中度光照下,比较刈割植株地上生物量补偿发现：晚期刈割单株地上生物量的补偿大于早期刈割;刈割强度无显著影响;刈割两次单株地上生物量的补偿最大。施肥、中度光照、晚期、轻度、一次刈割时,单株垂穗披碱草地上生物量累积最大,为4．500g。全光照、未施肥条件下,刈割对单株地上生物量的补偿无影响。就补偿机制而言,植株地上生物量的增加以地下生物量为代价。     

香根草和风车草人工湿地对猪场废水氮磷处理效果的研究

分别以香根草 (Vetiveriazizanioides )和风车草 (Cyperusalternifolius)为植被 ,按 1.0m× 0 .5m×0 .8m建立人工湿地 ,通过四季测试研究其对猪场废水N、P的净化功能及其随季节、进水浓度及水力停留时间变化的规律 .结果表明 ,两湿地对NH3 N和S PO3 -4 去除率受污水停留时间和污水浓度影响较大 .香根草或风车草人工湿地在春季对NH3 N和S PO3 -4 有明显的去除效果 ;在秋季 ,则对去除废水TN均有效果 ,在去除TP上 ,香根草湿地效果明显 ,风车草湿地效果差 .秋春季人工湿地随水力停留时间 (t)延长 ,TP或S PO3 -4 (Y)的去除遵从指数方程Yt=Y0 ·e-kt规律 .冬季和夏季 ,进水浓度对湿地去除P影响较大 ;在相同停留时间内 ,冬夏季人工湿地随进水浓度变化 ,进出水S PO3 -4 遵从直线方程 y =a +bx规律     

刈割、施肥和浇水对矮嵩草补偿生长的影响

通过对青海海北高寒矮嵩草(Kobresia humilis)草甸进行为期3年的野外控制试验, 研究了刈割(留茬1 cm、3 cm及不刈割)、施肥(2.5 g·m^-2尿素+ 0.6 g·m^-2磷酸二胺、不施肥)和浇水(20.1 kg·m^-2、不浇水)处理对矮嵩草补偿生长(包括分株密度、株高和分株地上生物量)的影响, 及其比叶面积、叶片净光合速率和相对增长率的变化, 探讨矮嵩草补偿生长的机制。研究结果表明: 刈割后, 矮嵩草的补偿生长高度和比叶面积显著降低; 分株密度有增加的趋势, 但会随刈割强度的增加而下降; 株高和生物量的相对增长率随刈割强度的增加而呈上升趋势; 补偿地上生物量在重度刈割处理下最高。施肥能显著增加矮嵩草的补偿高度、分株密度、补偿地上生物量、株高相对增长率、生物量相对增长率、比叶面积和净光合速率; 与不浇水处理相比, 浇水处理对重度刈割处理下的分株地上生物量、密度相对增长率、比叶面积和净光合速率无影响, 而显著降低了中度刈割处理下的补偿高度和株高相对增长率, 提高了不刈割处理下的分株密度和重度刈割处理下的生物量相对增长率。刈割、施肥和浇水处理的交互作用也显示出刈割与施肥对矮嵩草补偿生长具有拮抗效应, 而刈割与浇水具有协同效应。上述结果说明, 矮嵩草在刈割后可通过增加分株密度和相对增长率等途径来提高补偿能力, 弥补在生长高度上出现的低补偿, 而施肥可显著抵消刈割的不利影响, 提高矮嵩草的补偿能力。     

浮床植物净化生活污水中N、P的效果及N2O的排放

在温室内采用浮床无土栽培技术,研究了黑麦草(Lolium mutliflorum)、水芹(Oenanthe javanica)和香根草(Vetiveria Zizanioides)3种植物对生活污水中N、P的去除效果及净化过程中N2O的排放特征。结果表明,浮床植物系统对生活污水的TN、NH4 -N和TP具有良好的净化效果。同对照系统相比,浮床黑麦草、水芹和香根草系统对TN的平均去除率分别提高了26.2%,22.9%,4.1%;对NH4 -N的去除率分别提高了31.4%,14.5%,3.0%;对TP去除率分别提高了33.1%,54.2%,15.5%。净化周期内,浮床各系统的TN、NH4 -N和TP浓度随着污水停留时间的延长直线下降,而NO3-N浓度却因系统内硝化强度大于反硝化强度而产生了累积;植物的存在明显的促进了浮床系统的N2O排放,浮床黑麦草、水芹、香根草和对照系统N2O的平均排放通量分别为174.44μg/(m2.h),82.19μg/(m2.h),112.49μg/(m2.h)和44.81μg/(m2.h)。浮床系统N2O排放通量的日变化呈现出夜间下降而白天增加的规律,与温度的昼夜变化规律基本相同,表明温度的升降直接影响了N2O的生成及排放。     

不同植物构成的人工湿地对生活污水中氮的去除效应

测定由不同植物构成的人工湿地的氨态氮、硝态氮和亚硝态氮含量,对比不同植物对生活污水中氮的去除效率.结果表明,与不种植物的人工湿地相比,由风车草[Cyperus alternifolius L. ssp. flabelliformis (Rottb.) Kiikenth.]、香根草[Vertiveria zizanioides (Linn.) Nash]、芦苇(Phragmitas communis Trin.)和美人蕉(Canna indica Linn.)构成的人工湿地对氨态氮去除率分别提高6%、8%、11%和14%;对硝态氮去除率分别提高5%、6%、13%和9%;对亚硝态氮去除率分别提高5%、7%、10%和7%,说明种植芦苇和美人蕉的人工湿地对生活污水中的氮具有较好的去除效果.     

固定化微生物菌剂与蕹菜对中华鳖养殖污水的净化效果研究

为解决中华鳖(Trionyx sinensis)养殖所造成的水环境污染问题,研究利用海藻酸钠、沸石对复合光合菌剂和枯草芽孢杆菌菌剂分别进行固定化,并研究了不同固定化微生物菌剂与蕹菜对中华鳖养殖污水的净化效果。结果表明:净化处理15d后,利用固定化微生物菌剂与蕹菜共同处理组对中华鳖养殖污水的净化处理效果最好,养殖污水的CODMn、NH 4+-N、NO3-N、NO 2-N、PO34的去除率分别为88.7%、87.3%、90.8%、98.3%、74.9%。蕹菜处理组对于NO3-N、NO 2-N、NH 4+-N的去除率显著高于固定化复合光合菌剂处理组和固定化枯草芽孢杆菌处理组。固定化复合光合菌剂处理组对于NO3-N、NO 2-N、NH 4+-N的去除率显著高于固定化枯草芽孢杆菌菌剂处理组,但固定化枯草芽孢杆菌处理组对于污水的CODMn的去除率最高,可达90.6%。     

Nitrogen and phosphorus removal from wastewater by subsurface wetlands planted with Iris pseudacorus

Subsurface horizontal flow constructed wetlands are being evaluated for nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) removal from wastewater in this study through different gravel sizes, plant densities (Iris pseudacorus), effects of retention times (1 to 10 days) on N and P removal in continuously fed gravel wetland. The inlet and outlet samples were analyzed for TKN, NH₄-N, and NO₃-N, as standard methods. The planted wetland reactor with fine (SG) and coarse (BG) gravels removed 49.4% and 31.4% TKN, respectively, while unplanted reactors removed 43.4% and 26.8% TKN. Also, the efficiencies for NH₄-N were 36.7–43% and 21.6–25.4% for SG and BG planted reactors, respectively. The efficiencies for NO₃-N were 53.5–62.5% and 21.6–25.4% for SG and BG planted reactors, respectively. Roles of plants in SG reactors for O-PO₄ were 5–12% and 3–8% in BG. Also, the roles of plants in the reactors for TP were 9% and 7.4%. The minimum effective detention time for the removal of NO₃-N was 4–5 days. The subsurface constructed wetlands planted with I. pseudacorus can be an appropriate alternative in wastewater treatment natural system in small communities.     

人工湿地处理造纸废水后细菌群落结构变化

人工湿地通过模拟自然湿地的生态系统,能够实现污染物的去除,是一种高效经济的污水处理手段,但是对人工湿地处理后污水中细菌群落的研究较少。采集了造纸厂排污口和人工湿地出水口的水样,检测了溶解氧、pH值和盐度等水质指标,对主要污染物的含量进行了测定和分析,并利用DGGE技术对细菌群落的变化进行了研究。结果表明:(1)造纸污水经人工湿地处理后水质有明显提高;(2)人工湿地处理后细菌群落结构发生变化,优势菌由γ变形菌和衣原体变为α变形菌,而且微生物多样性指数Shannon-Wiener's降低;(3)人工湿地处理前污水中存在着大量致病微生物和降解微生物,处理后以环境友好的固氮菌和少量致病菌为主。研究结果揭示了人工湿地不仅可以去除造纸废水中的污染物,改善水质而且可以大大减少向环境中排放的致病微生物,防止由致病微生物引起的生态灾难的发生,为将来人工湿地应用于工业污水处理和微生物生态安全评估提供有效可靠的依据。     

潜流人工湿地中植物对氮磷净化影响效应的研究

采用潜流人工湿地系统,配制以NH⁺₄-N、NO^-₃-N和PO^3-₄-P为主要成分的模拟污水,通过间歇运行方式,考察了芦苇和小叶章的生长情况、生理生态学特性及其对污水中N、P净化效能的影响,并研究了植物对湿地系统pH变化、NO^-₃-N和NH⁺₄-N净化效率的影响。结果表明,当水力停留时间为7d时,小叶章和芦苇湿地对TN的去除率分别为65.1%和99.6%,去除负荷分别为1.66g · m^-3 · d^-1和2.53g · m^-3 · d^-1。小叶章和芦苇对去除TN的贡献率分别为14.7%、61.7%,对去除TP的贡献率分别为11.7%和12.9%;芦苇植株内N、P浓度分别为29.2mg/g和3.41mg/g。芦苇湿地的净化效能高于小叶章湿地。湿地系统中pH值先升高后降低的拐点可作为氨氧化反应结束的指示参数。     

Fate of heavy metals in vertical subsurface flow constructed wetlands treating secondary treated petroleum refinery wastewater in Kaduna,Nigeria

This study examined the performance of pilot-scale vertical subsurface flow constructed wetlands (VSF–CWs) planted with three indigenous plants, i.e. Typha latifolia, Cyperus alternifolius, and Cynodon dactylon, in removing heavy metals from secondary treated refinery wastewater under tropical conditions. The T. latifolia-planted VSF–CW had the best heavy metal removal performance, followed by the Cyperus alternifolius-planted VSF–CW and then the Cynodon dactylon-planted VSF–CW. The data indicated that Cu, Cr, Zn, Pb, Cd, and Fe were accumulated in the plants at all the three VSF–CWs. However, the accumulation of the heavy metals in the plants accounted for only a rather small fraction (0.09–16%) of the overall heavy metal removal by the wetlands. The plant roots accumulated the highest amount of heavy metals, followed by the leaves, and then the stem. Cr and Fe were mainly retained in the roots of T. latifolia, Cyperus alternifolius, and Cynodon dactylon (TF < 1), meaning that Cr and Fe were only partially transported to the leaves of these plants. This study showed that VSF–CWs planted with T. latifolia, Cyperus Alternifolius, and Cynodon dactylon can be used for the large-scale removal of heavy metals from secondary refinery wastewater.     

Treatment of domestic wastewater and production of commercial flowers in vertical and horizontal subsurface-flow constructed wetlands

In developing countries, the use of non-conventional plant species as emergent plants in constructed wetlands may add economic benefits besides treating wastewater. In this work, the use of four commercial-valuable ornamental species (Zantedeschia aethiopica, Strelitzia reginae, Anturium andreanum and Agapanthus africanus) was investigated in two types of subsurface wetlands for domestic wastewater treatment. Several water quality parameters were evaluated at the inlet and outlets of a pilot-scale system. Physical measurements were used to evaluate and compare the development of the ornamental plants under two patterns of flow in subsurface wetlands.The results for pollutant removal were significantly higher in the vertical subsurface-flow constructed wetlands (VFCW) for most pollutants. The average removals were more than 80% for BOD and COD; 50.6% for Org-N; 72.2% for NH₄⁺, 50% for Total-P and 96.9% for TC. Only two pollutants were removed in statistically higher percentages in the horizontal subsurface-flow constructed wetlands (HFCW) (NO₃^?, 47.7% and TSS, 82%). The pollutant removal efficiencies were similar to the results obtained in many studies with conventional macrophytes. Most ornamental plants survived the 12-month period of experimentation and their development depended on the type of constructed wetland they were planted. Z. aethiopica looked healthier and produced around 60 flowers in the HFCW. The other three species developed better in the VFCW, although A. andreanum died during the winter. S. reginae produced healthier flowers (and more) and bigger leaves and A. Agapanthus produced more leaves and more lasting flowers. This suggests that it is possible to produce commercial flowers in constructed wetlands without reducing the efficiency of the treatment system.     

Estimation of nitrogen dynamics in a vertical-flow constructed wetland

The vertical-flow constructed wetland (VFCW) is a promising engineering technique for removal of excess nutrients and certain pollutants from wastewater and stormwater. The aim of this study was to develop a model using the STELLA software for estimating nitrogen (N) dynamics in an artificial VFCW (i.e., a substrate column with six zones) associated with a growing Cyperus alternifolius species under a wetting (wastewater) -to-drying ratio of 1:3. The model was calibrated by our experimental data with a reasonable agreement prior to its applications. Simulations showed that rates of NH₄⁺-N and NO₃⁻-N leaching decreased with increasing zone number (or column depth), although such a decrease was much more profound for NH₄⁺-N. Our simulations further revealed that rate of NH₄⁺-N leaching decreased with time within each zone, whereas rate of NO₃⁻-N leaching increased with time within each zone. Additionally, both the rates of NH₄⁺-N and NO₃⁻-N leaching through zones followed the water flow pattern: breakthrough during wetting period and cessation during drying period. In general, the cumulative amounts of total nitrogen (TN) were in the following order: leaching > denitrification > uptake > settlement. About 54% of the TN from the wastewater flowed out of the VFCW system, 18% of TN lost due to denitrification, 6% of TN was taken up by roots of a single plant (one hill), and the rest of 22% TN from the wastewater was removed from other mechanisms, such as volatilization, adsorption, and deposition. This study suggested that to improve the overall performance of a VFCW for N removal, prevention of N leaching loss was one of the major issues.     

A new approach in wetland systems for domestic wastewater treatment using Phragmites sp.

The conventional wetland system using Phragmites sp. is in existence since 20 years. The constructed wetland system has not gained much popularity due to large land area requirement, clogging of beds and need for capital investment. The aim of the study is to develop a new approach to the horizontal flow wetlands system (termed bio-rack) for treatment of domestic wastewater. The new system dealt with an engineered attached growth matrix and a high microbial degradation rate. The study on bio-rack was undertaken in a horizontal flow pilot plant using Phragmites sp. and experiments were carried out for various parameters. Analytical data were collected during the studies which include temperature, pH, chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD₅), dissolved oxygen (DO), chlorides, total dissolved solids (TDS), total suspended solids (TSS), ammonia nitrogen (NH₃-N), phosphate (PO₄-P) and most probable number (MPN). This paper also studies microbial flora present in the system by isolating and identifying the microorganisms, and also measuring total viable count (TVC). Morphological aspects with reference to the growth of plant were studied and it indicated high plant yield. At optimum hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 10 h, approximately 75.15% COD, 86.59% BOD₅, 27.54% TDS, 73.13% TSS, 8.86% Chlorides, 70.22% NH₃-N, 31.71% PO₄-P and 92.11% MPN reduction was achieved in bio-rack system. A comparative evaluation was done with the conventional wetland system and better treatment efficiency was observed in the bio-rack system. This result indicates a possibility of development of a substantially effective system compared to any other methods on constructed wetland.     

蚯蚓对湿地植物光合特性及净化污水能力的影响

以香蒲、芦苇和美人蕉为研究对象,并以土壤+沙子+有机质混合物为供试基质模拟人工湿地处理污水,采用向基质中加入蚯蚓与未加入蚯蚓2种处理。研究加入蚯蚓后,香蒲、芦苇和美人蕉光合速率、蒸腾速率、SPAD值和水分蒸发、蒸腾量的变化及其对净化污水能力的影响。结果表明:与未加入蚯蚓相比,加入蚯蚓后,香蒲、芦苇和美人蕉的净光合速率、蒸腾速率、SPAD值和水分蒸发、蒸腾量均增加,其中芦苇的净光合速率、蒸腾速率和水分蒸发、蒸腾量增加达到显著水平(P <0.05),而香蒲的水分蒸发、蒸腾量增加也达到显著水平(P <0.05);加入蚯蚓后,香蒲、芦苇和美人蕉对COD_Mn、NH₄⁺-N、NO₃^--N、TN和TP的去除率均增加,且香蒲和芦苇对COD_Mn的去除率显著增加 (P <0.05)。加入蚯蚓后,香蒲、芦苇和美人蕉的SPAD值均增加,说明蚯蚓能提高湿地植物对氮的吸收,增加植株中的氮含量,促进湿地植物的光合速率和蒸腾速率从而提高对污水的净化能力。     

The Significance of Myriophyllum elatinoides for Swine Wastewater Treatment: Abundance and Community Structure of Ammonia-Oxidizing Microorganisms in Sediments

Myriophyllum elatinoides was reported to effectively treat wastewater by removing nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). However, little is known about the abundance and community structure of ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms associated with M. elatinoides purification systems. The objective of this research was to characterize the abundance and community structure of ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms in swine wastewater and determine the main nitrogen removal pathways. In this study, five different waters were treated by M. elatinoides in microcosms for one month. The five waters included tap water (Control), swine wastewater (SW), 50% diluted swine wastewater (50% SW), and two synthetic wastewaters: 200 mg NH₄ ⁺-N L⁻¹ (200 NH₄ ⁺-N) and 400 mg NH₄ ⁺-N L⁻¹ (400 NH₄ ⁺-N). The most dramatic changes were in NH₄ ⁺-N and total N (TN) concentrations, with average removal rates of 84% and 90%, respectively, in the treatments containing swine wastewater. On days 7, 14, and 28, the dissolved oxygen (DO) increased by 81.8%, 210.4% and 136.5%, respectively, compared with on day 0, in the swine wastewater. The results also showed that the bacterial amoA (AOB) copy numbers in the sediments of the treatments were significantly higher than those of archaeal amoA (AOA) copy numbers (p = 0.015). In addition, the high DO concentrations in swine wastewater responded well to the high abundance of AOB. The AOA and AOB community distributions were positively related with NO₃ ^-N and were negatively related with DO in swine wastewater treatments. In summary, our experimental results suggested that the M. elatinoides purification system could improve the activity of ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms and consequently might contribute to the significant N removal from the swine wastewater.     

Nutrient removal in constructed microcosm wetlands for treating polluted river water in northern China

River water pollution is increasingly widespread in northern China and can lead to problems with the drinking water for the residents if not properly treated. Constructed wetlands are a promising solution and have become increasingly popular in China. In this study the nutrient removal and plant uptake in constructed microcosm wetlands vegetated with Typha orientalis, Phragmites australis, Scirpus validus and Iris pseudacorus for treating simulated polluted river water in northern China were investigated. The performance of the treatment systems from April to November was assessed. The maximum TN, NH₄-N and TP removal efficiencies were 68%, 93% and 67%, respectively. And the maximum nutrient uptake by plants constituted 51.89% of the N removal and 34.17% of the P removal throughout the trial. S. validus and I. pseudacorus have a higher nutrient uptake capacity and are preferred species from a treatment perspective in constructed wetland in northern China.