中国羊蹄甲属植物新分布三种

本文报道了三种羊蹄甲属植物在中国的新分布记录,即产自广西的中越羊蹄甲、耐看羊蹄甲和产自云南的圆叶羊蹄甲．     

中国羊蹄甲属一分布新记录

报道了原产于越南的蟹钳叶羊蹄甲在中国的分布新记录。     

羊蹄甲属的系统与生物地理学：1．厚盘组的分支分析

羊蹄甲属厚盘组作为一个分类实体包含有约１８个种,本组植物主要分布于中国南部及中南半岛等地,其中很多种类在其分布区内地理替代现象相当明显。对此组的分支系统学研究,一方面有助于对本组种类系统进化关系的理解,另一方面又为对热带亚热带亚洲大陆各区系之间关系。的理解提供帮助,为本地区的分支生物地理学研究提供材料．本文用３０个形态及叶脉脉序性状对厚盘组进行了分支分析．云南羊蹄甲被选作外类群,内类。群包括龙须藤亚组及攀援羊蹄甲亚组的所有１８个种。分析产生了８个最简约的分支图。分析还表明攀援羊蹄甲单独作为一个亚组是不可取的,厚盘组的分类及生物地理学需要进一步的研究．     

洋紫荆(Bauhinia variegata L.)花的化学成分研究

民间用药洋紫荆(Bauhinia variegata L.)为豆科羊蹄甲属植物,广泛分布于我国南部省份。基于前人的研究,并未发现对洋紫荆花化学成分研究的相关报道,本文以采自云南德宏地区的洋紫荆(B.variegata)花为研究对象,运用各种柱色谱分离手段,从其乙酸乙酯部分中分离得到了8个化合物,经核磁共振波谱及质谱解析,分别鉴定为Isoliquiritigenin(1)、Naringenin(2)、Kaempferol(3)、Kaempferol-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(4)、Kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(5)、Caffeic acid(6)、(-)-Catechin(7)及Kaempferol-3-O-L-rhamnopyranoside(8)。化合物1和4为首次从该种植物中分离得到。     

羊蹄甲嘱的系统与生理地理学：1.厚盘组的分支分析

羊蹄甲属厚盘组作为一个分类实体包含有约１８个种,本组物主要分布于中国南部及中南关岛等地,其中很多种类在其分布区内地理替代现象相当明显,对此组的分支系统学研究,一方面有助于对本组种类系统进化关系的理解,另一方面又为对热亚热亚洲大陆各区系之间关系的理解提供帮助,为本地区的分支生物地理学研究提供材料。本文用３０个形态及叶脉脉序性状对厚盘组进行了分支分析,云南羊蹄甲被选作外类群,内类群包括龙须藤亚组及攀援     

中国羊蹄甲属新分类群

<正> 在《中国植物志》第39卷中,作者对羊蹄甲属采用了广义的概念,属以下分为3个亚属:羊蹄甲亚属subgen.Bauhinia,厚盘亚属subgen.Lasiobema Korth,显托亚属subgen.Phanera(Lour.)Wunderlin,Larsen et Larsen.在编写过程中,发现一些新分类群,现报道如下:     

羊蹄甲种间杂交不亲和初探

通过花粉活力测定和荧光显微技术对南非羊蹄甲与湖北羊蹄甲种间杂交不亲和原因进行了探讨.结果发现,花粉活力不是限制杂交不亲和的主要因子;通过荧光观察发现,南非羊蹄甲的花粉可以在湖北羊蹄甲的柱头上萌发生长,但伴有大量异常现象出现,表现为授粉后柱头的乳突细胞立即出现胼胝质反应,花粉管在柱头上盘绕,生长弯曲折叠,顶端膨大,异常变细,或先端沉积胼胝塞而中途停止生长,初步推断杂交后花粉管生长的异常行为是种间杂交不亲和的主要原因;从杂交后胚囊处的胼胝质反应看,杂交不亲和原因也有可能是雌雄配子体未能结合,或能正常受精,但受精后胚和胚乳发育不协调导致雌蕊脱落而不能得到种子.     

羊蹄甲属植物种子表面微形态观察

利用光镜和扫描电镜对羊蹄甲属21种(含1亚种、2变种)的种子进行观察,结果显示,羊蹄甲属植物的种子颜色、形状和外种皮纹饰多样,还发现种脐位置、假种皮裂片、拟透镜状突起和种皮表面纹饰有一定的相关性:即没有假种皮裂片,拟透镜状突起在种子表面不明显,具网状纹饰的种子其种脐位于种子亚顶部的位置,而非顶部位置。此外,大部分羊蹄甲亚属种子的表面纹饰为皱波状,而显托亚属的纹饰没有皱波状纹饰,却以网状纹饰居多。分析认为,羊蹄甲属植物中种皮网纹状纹饰可能是比较进化的特征;并认为种脐在亚顶部位置,没有假种皮裂片,拟透镜状突起在表面不明显,具网状纹饰的种子应是羊蹄甲属内较进化的式样。     

中国玉兰属两新种

描述了中国木兰科玉兰属两新种,奇叶玉兰(Yulania mirifolia D.L.Fu,T B Zhao etZ.X.Chen,sp.nov.)和青皮玉兰(Yulania viridula D.L.Fu,T B Zhao et G.H.Tian,sp.nov.)的形态特征和分布情况,并与近缘种进行了比较。     

羊年话“羊姓”植物

2003年是我国农历的癸未年,也是羊年。以“羊”字命名的植物种类繁多,如羊蹄甲、羊踯躅、羊角拗、羊角芹、羊红膻、羊茅和羊胡子草等,这里介绍几种与大家生活密切相关的“羊”姓植物。     

洋紫荆凝集素的分离纯化和性质

利用酸化处理的Ｓｅｐｈａｒｏｓｅ ６Ｂ亲和柱从洋紫荆种子中分离纯化出了洋紫荆凝集素（ＢＶＬ）,其比活性比抽提液提高了１５９倍,活力回收率为４９．０％。ＢＶＬ分子量为８１０００,由两个相同的亚基组成。等电聚焦凝胶电注测得其等电点为４．９５。其紫外吸收高峰在２７６ｎｍ处。ＢＶＬ具一定的的热稳定性和酸碱稳定性。Ｎ－乙酰－Ｄ氨基半乳能强烈地抑制ＢＶＬ对兔红细胞的凝集作用。乳糖、半乳糖也有较强的抑制定性。Ｎ     

The varieties of Bauhinia pottsii G. Don in Thailand (Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae)

 Bauhinia pottsii G. Don, B. subsessilis Craib, B. velutina (Wall. ex Benth.) Baker, B. mollissima (Wall.) Prain, and B. decipiens Craib were recently recognized as five varieties of Bauhinia pottsii G. Don. They grow naturally in southern Myanmar, Thailand, Indochina and the Malay Peninsula. Bauhinia pottsii var. decipiens (Craib) K. Larsen & S. S. Larsen is endemic to Thailand and known only from the type collection, so it was omitted from this study. Quantitative and qualitative morphological characters were examined in 200 specimens using multivariate and univariate analyses to determine the taxonomic relationship among the four. Some variation in qualitative characters was found between the varieties which separated them as previously defined in Flora of Thailand. Forty-three quantitative characters were subjected to cluster analysis to allow an objective classification into groups. The groups were subsequently evaluated by a canonical discriminant analysis. It was found that these characters collectively support the four varieties as defined by qualitative characters. However, the close relationship of varieties mollissima (Wall. ex Prain) K. Larsen & S. S. Larsen and velutina (Wall. ex Benth.) K. Larsen & S. S. Larsen is observed. The linear discriminant function has an overall rate of 98.5% correct classification and is useful for variety classification. Among quantitative characters, petal-claw length and ovarystalk length together with some qualitative characters are useful for key construction to separate the four varieties. Received April 24, 2001 Accepted December 11, 2001     

Multivariate chromatographic fingerprint preparation and authentication of plant material from the genus Bauhinia

Multivariate analysis and statistical mixture designs were used for chromatographic fingerprint preparation and authentication of the plant material of three species of the genus Bauhinia. The extracts were analysed by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Mixture design gave an optimum solvent composition for extracting components from the plants of 36% dichloromethane, 17% ethanol and 47% ethyl acetate (by volume), while an optimum mobile phase for chromatographic analyses was found to be 27% methanol, 27% acetonitrile and 46% of water (by volume). Results from principal component analysis, hierarchical analysis and soft independent modelling by class analogy showed that Bauhinia candicans cannot be synonymous with B. forficata Link. It was also possible to trace the metabolic profile without identifying its chemical constituents and to determine a chromatographic discriminating region. The characteristics responsible for discrimination between B. candicans and B. forficata were more polar substances that presented peaks with retention times around 1.65 and 1.81 min.     

龙须藤凝集素的分离纯化和性质

利用酸化处理的Sepharose 6B亲和柱从龙须藤（Bauhinia championii)种子中分离纯化出龙须藤凝集素（BCL）,其比活性比抽提液提高了57倍,活力回收率达63．3％。经Sphadex G-100测得BCL的分子量为64000,SDS－PAGE的结果表明BCL由两个相同的亚基组成,亚基分子量为32000,等电聚集凝胶电泳测得其等电点为4．70。BCL是一种糖蛋白,其中性糖含量为3．0％。N－乙酰－D－氨基半乳糖能强烈地抑制BCL对兔红细胞的凝集作用。     

Inflated trichornes in flowers of Bauhinia (Leguminosae: Caesalpinioideae)

TUCKER, S. C., RUGENSTEIN, S. R. & DERSTINE, K. S., 1984. Inflated trichomes in flowers of Bauhinia (Leguminosae: Caesalpinioideae). An unusual kind of bifid multicellular inflated trichome is reported to occur on floral organs of II species of Bauhinia (Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae), They occur on sepals, petals, stamens, carpels, receptacle, leaves, and stems, but not on all organs in each species. Their development in B. malabarica is described.     

紫荆花粉离体萌发条件的研究

以紫荆(Cercis chinensis Bunge)花粉为材料,采用人工培养法研究了紫荆花粉离体萌发的最适条件.结果表明:蔗糖、硼酸在一定质量浓度范围内能促进花粉的萌发,最适花粉萌发的质量浓度分别为蔗糖50 mg/L以及硼酸20 mg/L,最佳萌发温度20℃.正交试验设计结果表明:花粉萌发的最佳质量浓度分剐为70 mg/L蔗糖以及18mg/L硼酸,最佳萌发温度为22℃,此时的萌发率可达60.51％.     

羊蹄甲属中国特有种的花粉形态学

对羊蹄甲属植物11种中国特有种的花粉形态进行了研究。结果表明,花粉萌发孔类型均为三孔沟,少数还有合沟;花粉均具半覆盖层,表面纹饰有皱波状、皱波状-穿孔、疣状、孔穴-穿孔、穿孔-网状。依据Larsen(1975)的划分,这11种植物的花粉隶属于Integrifolia型、Glauca型和Curtisii型,我们根据花粉纹饰的差异在Integrifolia型下进一步划分了Auma亚型和Paucinervata亚型。     

PEG对紫荆花粉萌发的影响(简报)

以紫荆Cercis chinensis花粉为材料,采用人工培养法研究不同浓度PEG对其萌发的影响。结果表明,PEG对紫荆花粉萌发率和花粉管长度均有促进作用,且以20 g·L^-1浓度处理最佳,萌发率和花粉管长度均显著高于其他浓度处理。