HBV感染者外周血TLR4mRNA表达与疾病进展关系研究

构建pUCm-TLR4质粒作为定量模板,采用实时荧光定量RT-PCR的方法检测 140 例HBV感染者外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)中TLR4mRNA的含量,并结合HBV感染者临床情况进行分析.HBV感染者PBMC中TLR4mRNA的表达范围是1.1×105～10.5×107 copy/μg RNA,显著高于健康对照组(4.5×105～1.25×106 copy/μg RNA),其中慢性乙肝组TLR4mRNA的表达明显高于慢性重型乙肝组(P＜0.05);HBV病毒载量的对数值与TLR4mRNA的含量存在负相关(r=-0.316,P＜0.01).结果表明,HBV感染者PBMC中TLR4mRNA的表达与疾病进展明显相关.     

RT-SHIV中国恒河猴适应株细胞水平生物学特性分析

目的体外增值、制备动物感染来源的RT-SHIV病毒中国恒河猴适应株,比较PBMCs和CEMx174两种细胞制备出病毒的差异,同时用TZM-bl、CEMx174、PBMC三种细胞滴定测定病毒TCID50。方法用RT-SHIV病毒静脉感染中国恒河猴,定期采血测定血浆病毒载量,当病毒载量达高峰时采血分离外周血单核淋巴细胞（PBMCs）,与正常恒河猴PBMCs或CEMx174细胞共培养,定期测定培养液中的P24抗原水平,当病毒复制达高峰期时收集培养上清,分装并冻存;测定病毒RNA载量、P24抗原浓度,滴定病毒的TCID50。结果本研究共制备了78 mL PBMCs来源的RT-SHIV病毒和85 mL CEMx174细胞来源的RT-SHIV病毒。RT基因序列和原始序列的相似度为99%,仅在第254和265位的氨基酸发现突变。RT-SHIV（PBMC）和RT-SHIV（CEMx174）病毒载量分别为1.641×108 copies/mL和8.375×108 copies/mL,P24抗原水平分别为20.745 ng/mL和4.28 ng/mL,TZM-bl、CEMx174、PBMC细胞测定病毒的TCID50分别为3.16×105 TCID50/mL和1×104 TCID50/mL,5×102 TCID50/mL和5×105 TCID50/mL,5×102 TCID50/mL和5×103 TCID50/mL。结论 PBMCs细胞来源制备的病毒较CEMx174制备的病毒具有更高的感染性。     

SHIV1157ipd3N4细胞适应株的制备及其生物特性

目的体外制备SHIV1157ipd3N4病毒中国恒河猴细胞适应株,在细胞水平和中国恒河猴体内评价其生物学特性。方法用SHIV1157ipd3N4病毒阴道感染中国恒河猴,在血浆病毒载量高峰期采血分离外周血单核淋巴细胞（PBMCs）,与正常中国恒河猴PBMCs共培养。定期测定培养液中的P24抗原水平。当病毒复制达高峰期时收集培养上清,分装并冻存。测定病毒RNA载量、P24抗原浓度和TCID50。静脉感染中国恒河猴,研究该批次SHIV1157ipd3N4在体内的病毒学、免疫学指标变化及变异情况,分析其基本的生物学特性。结果本研究共制备了243 mL SHIV1157ipd3N4病毒原液,gp120序列分析表明病毒未发生变异,CCR5的嗜性也未发生改变。病毒载量为1.586×108 copies/mL,P24抗原水平为1.16×103 pg/mL,TZM-bl细胞测定病毒的TCID50为3.16×103/mL。1 mL SHIV1157ipd3N4静脉成功感染中国恒河猴G1004V,高峰期病毒载量达到1.0×106 copies/mL以上。结论此次制备的SHIV1157ipd3N4细胞适应株生物学特性稳定,适合作为毒种库构建SHIV1157ipd3N4/中国恒河猴模型。     

循环DNA和HBV—DNA载量与原发性肝癌的相关性探讨

目的：探讨血浆DNA和HBV—DNA载量在病毒性肝炎肝硬化后原发性肝癌（PHC）的诊断价值。方法：用RT—PCR方法随访检测HBsAg阳性且经彩色B超诊断为肝硬化的患者,每6个月检测一次患者的血液循环DNA和HBV-DNA载量,直到经临床症状、彩色B超、CT诊断为原发性肝癌为止。结果：在PHC中,循环DNA61．3±31．9ng／ml,健康对照组20．3±9．9ng／ml,两组差异显著（P〈0．01）;而HBV—DNA载量,在PHC确诊时多数处于较低水平,78％≤105copies／ml,与PHC确诊前有明显差异（P〈0．01）。PHC未发生淋巴结转移者循环DNA51．2±17．9ng／ml,淋巴结转移者循环DNA73．9±23．7ng／ml,两者存在差异（P〈0．05）;而HBV-DNA载量有无淋巴结转移无明显差异。结论：联合检测血液循环DNA和HBV—DNA载量对PHC的预测、预后价值明显,且方法简单,易于开展。     

乙肝病毒携带者外周血单核细胞miR-122表达与病毒增殖的关系研究

乙肝病毒携带者外周血单核细胞(Peripheral blood mononuclear cell,PBMC)中微小RNA(microRNA,miR)-122的表达情况及其与病毒增殖的关系,目前鲜有报道。本研究通过检测乙肝病毒携带者PBMC中miR-122的表达情况,探讨其与病毒增殖的关系。选取2017年1月～2018年8月石嘴山中心医院内科门诊的58例乙肝病毒携带者为观察组研究对象,按HBeAg的状态将其分为:HBeAg阳性(+)组31例,HBeAg阴性(-)组27例,同期选择健康体检者32例作为对照组,采用时间分辨荧光免疫分析(Timed-resolved fluoroimmunoassay,TRFIA)定量检测乙肝两对半,采用实时定量PCR法检测血清中HBV DNA拷贝数,采用qRT-PCR法检测PBMC中miR-122表达水平,采用Pearson相关性分析分析乙肝病毒携带者PBMC中miR-122水平与血清HBV DNA拷贝数的关系。结果显示,HBeAg(+)组HBV DNA拷贝数显著高于HBeAg(-)组(P0.05);观察组PBMC中miR-122表达水平显著高于对照组(P0.001);HBeAg(+)组外周血单个核细胞miR-122表达水平显著高于HBeAg(-)组(P0.001);乙肝病毒携带者PBMC中miR-122水平与HBV DNA拷贝数呈正相关(r=0.501,P0.001)。本研究中,与HBeAg(-)乙肝病毒携带者相比,HBeAg(+)乙肝病毒携带者病毒复制活跃,HBV DNA拷贝数升高,miR-122表达上调,提示乙肝病毒携带者PBMC中miR-122表达异常可能与病毒增殖有关。     

不同临床类型乙型病毒感染者外周血T细胞亚群与血清HBVDNA载量及HBeAg滴度相关性分析

目的：探讨慢性乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染患者外周血T细胞亚群与血清HBVDNA载量及HbeAg滴度的关系。方法：选取103名HBV感染患者和20名健康者为研究对象。流式细胞术检测外周血T细胞亚群,聚合酶链式反应及酶免疫分析法分别检测血清HBVDNA载量及HbeAg滴度。结果：慢性乙型肝炎患者和慢性HBV携带者外周血CD3可、CD4T淋巴细胞亚群百分数低于健康对照组,结果有统计学意义（P〈0．05或0．01;而CD8＋T细胞亚群则呈现相反趋势,结果亦有统计学意义（P〈0．05或0．01）。HBeAg阴性组中,HBVDNA水平与CD8T细胞亚群百分数呈正相关（r=0．567,P〈0．01）,与CD47CD8＋T细胞亚群百分数比值呈负相关（r=-0．601,P〈0．01）,而与CD3＋T、CD4＋T细胞亚群百分数无相关性。HBeAg阳性组中,HBVDNA水平及HbeAg滴度与cD3＋1r、cD41、CD8叮细胞百分数及CD47CD8＋T细胞百分数均无相关性（P〉0．05）。结论：不同临床类型的慢性乙型肝炎病毒感染患者外周血T细胞亚群存在不同程度细胞免疫功能降低和细胞免疫调节异常。HbeAg阴性的HBV感染患者,其血清HBVDNA水平与外周血T淋巴细胞免疫存在相关性。     

原发性干燥综合征患者外周血EB病毒标志物检测及意义

目的:探讨原发性干燥综合征(primary Sjfigren's syndrome,pSS)患者外周血EB病毒(Epstein Barr virus,EBV)标志物的检测及意义.方法:应用实时荧光定量PCR技术检测29例原发性干燥综合征患者和44例正常对照组外周血单个核细胞(peripheral blood mononuclear cell,PBMC)EBV DNA,酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测患者和正常对照血清EBV衣壳抗原(viral capsid antigen,VCA)特异性IgM、IgG抗体以及EBV早期抗原(early antigen,EA)IgG抗体.结果:pSS患者组及正常对照组EBV DNA拷贝数分别为26.76±36.00 copiesd/μg DNA和7.41±12.02 copies/μg DNA,统计学分析表明pSS患者组EBV拷贝数明显高于正常对照组(r=3.603,P＜0.01).患者组血清VCA-IgM和EA-IgG阳性率分别为20.69%(6/29)和62.07%(18/29),正常对照组则均为2.27(1/44),两两比较均明显高于正常对照组(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).患者组血清VCA-IgM水平与正常对照组比较无显著性差异,而EA-IgG抗体水平明显高于正常对组(P＜0.01).结论:原发性干燥综合征患者存在EBV的激活感染,EBV激活感染是导致患者免疫功能异常的重要原因,潜伏EBV的激活与干燥综合征的发病有关.     

系统性红斑狼疮外周血单个核细胞cFLIP—L mRNA和cFLIP—S mRNA表达的研究

目的探讨系统性红斑狼疮（system lupus erythematosus,SLE）患者外周血单个核细胞（peripheral blood monouuclear cells,PBMC）中细胞型Fas相关死亡域样白介素-1β转换酶抑制蛋白（cFLIP）表达的意义。方法应用半定量RT—PCR方法检测38例SLE患者和21名正常人PBMC中cFLIP—L mRNA和cFLIP—S mRNA的表达水平,并与SLE疾病活动指数（SLEDAI）评分进行相关性分析。结果①SLE患者PBMC中cFLIP—L mRNA和cFLIP—S mRNA表达水平均明显高于正常对照组（P〈0．01）;SLE患者活动组cFLIP—L mRNA表达水平显著高于非活动组（P〈0．05）,cFLIP—S mRNA表达水平在SLE患者活动组与非活动组之间没有显著性差异（P〉0．05）。②SLE患者cFLIP—L mRNA表达水平与SLEDAI评分呈正相关（r=0．423,P〈0．01）;而eFLIP—S mRNA表达水平与SLEDAI评分无明显相关性（r=0．270,P〉0．05）。结论cFLIP—L mRNA和cFLIP—S mRNA可能在SLE发病机制中起重要作用。     

13039例乙型肝炎患者血清HBV DNA水平流行病学分析

目的了解本地区近四年乙型肝炎患者HBV DNA阳性率与病毒载量分布特点。方法采用荧光定量聚合酶链反应(PCR)检测2012年至2015年间13 039例HBsAg阳性患者HBV DNA载量,并进一步分析24例HBeAg阳性、31例HBeAg阴性初诊乙肝患者4年间接受正规治疗后HBV DNA变化趋势。结果本地区近4年间血清HBV DNA阳性率依次为48.6%、46.18%、38.69%、37.66%,呈逐年下降趋势,差异具有统计学意义(P0.01);各年度病毒载量均值的对数值分别为(5.48±1.56),(5.27±1.72),(5.29±1.68),(5.35±1.85)拷贝/mL。2013年、2014年、2015年分别与2012年相比,差异均有统计学意义(P0.01、P0.01、P0.05),而低病毒载量(即病毒拷贝数的对数值小于5拷贝/mL)患者比例2012年明显大于其他年份,2012年分别与2013年、2014年、2015年相比,差异具有统计学意义(P0.01,P0.01,P0.05);HBeAg阳性/阴性乙肝患者接受正规治疗后,其HBV DNA载量均呈逐年下降趋势,其中第一年下降显著(P0.01)。结论近4年本地区血清HBV DNA阳性率呈逐年下降趋势,且低病毒载量比例明显增加。     

不同临床类型乙型病毒感染者外周血T 细胞亚群与血清HBV DNA 载量 及HBeAg 滴度相关性分析

目的:探讨慢性乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染患者外周血T细胞亚群与血清HBV DNA载量及HbeAg滴度的关系。方法:选取103名HBV感染患者和20名健康者为研究对象。流式细胞术检测外周血T细胞亚群,聚合酶链式反应及酶免疫分析法分别检测血清HBV DNA载量及HbeAg滴度。结果:慢性乙型肝炎患者和慢性HBV携带者外周血CD3+T、CD4+T淋巴细胞亚群百分数低于健康对照组,结果有统计学意义(P<0.05或0.01;而CD8+T细胞亚群则呈现相反趋势,结果亦有统计学意义(P<0.05或0.01)。HBeAg阴性组中,HBVDNA水平与CD8+T细胞亚群百分数呈正相关(r=0.567,P<0.01),与CD4+/CD8+T细胞亚群百分数比值呈负相关(r=-0.601,P<0.01),而与CD3+T、CD4+T细胞亚群百分数无相关性。HBeAg阳性组中,HBV DNA水平及HbeAg滴度与CD3+T、CD4+T、CD8+T细胞百分数及CD4+/CD8+T细胞百分数均无相关性(P>0.05)。结论:不同临床类型的慢性乙型肝炎病毒感染患者外周血T细胞亚群存在不同程度细胞免疫功能降低和细胞免疫调节异常。HbeAg阴性的HBV感染患者,其血清HBV DNA水平与外周血T淋巴细胞免疫存在相关性。     

Altered mRNA levels of MOV10, A3G,and IFN-α in patients with chronic hepatitis B

To explore the relationship of the MOV10, A3G, and IFN-α mRNA levels with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, Blood samples from 96 patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and 21 healthy individuals as control were collected. HBV DNA load and aminotransferase in the serum were tested using real time PCR and velocity methods, respectively. The MOV10, A3G, and IFN-α mRNA levels in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were examined through qRT-PCR. The MOV10, A3G, and IFN-α mRNA levels in CHB group was significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.01, P<0.05, P<0.01, respectively). The A3G mRNA level in the high-HBV DNA load group was lower than that in the low-HBV DNA load group (P<0.05). However, no statistical difference was found in the MOV10 and IFN-α mRNA levels between the two HBV DNA load groups. Furthermore, the MOV10 mRNA level showed positive correlation with IFN-α in the control group. These results indicated that the expression of the innate immune factors MOV10, A3G, and IFN-α is affected by chronic HBV infection.     

Patients with chronic hepatitis B infection display deficiency of plasmacytoid dendritic cells with reduced expression of TLR9

Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a complex interaction between replicating noncytopathic virus and dysregulatory host antiviral immunity. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) contribute to innate antiviral immunity via secreting type I interferons. Toll-like receptor (TLR) 9 is involved in major pattern recognition receptors expressed in pDCs. The frequency of pDCs and TLR9 expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) was determined, using flow cytometry. IFN-α production by PBMC was evaluated in vitro in the presence of cytidine phosphate guanosine (CpG) with/without pDCs. The correlation between TLR9, pDCs frequency and viral load was also evaluated. TLR9 expression in pDCs in chronic HBV patients was significantly (∼50%) reduced, supported by ∼70% reduction of TLR9 mRNA, in comparison to healthy controls, correlating with the impairment of IFN-α production in vitro. Furthermore, pDCs frequency in these patients was substantially reduced (∼30%), inversely correlating with serum ALT levels and HBV viral load. HBsAg and HBcAg were detected by immunohistochemistry in pDCs in chronic HBV patients. We conclude that HBV infection results in reduced frequency of circulating pDCs and their functional impairment via inhibiting the expression of TLR9. These data may provide useful information in both basic research and clinical treatment of chronic HBV infection.     

Levels of hepatitis B virus replicative intermediate in serum samples of chronic hepatitis B patients

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) cccDNA levels is an absolute marker of HBV replication in the liver of HBV infected patients. This study aimed to quantify the HBV cccDNA levels in sera and liver tissue samples of treatment naïve patients with chronic hepatitis B. Eighty one chronic hepatitis B (CHB) treatment naïve patients were enrolled from January 2009 to June 2011. Total HBV DNA and HBV cccDNA levels were quantified using sensitive real time PCR assay. The mean age of recruited patients was 34 ± 11.5 years. Fifty four (66.7 %) patients were HBeAg negative. Liver tissue samples were available from 2 HBeAg positive and 21 HBeAg negative CHB patients. The amount of total intrahepatic HBV DNA ranged from 0.09 to 1508.92 copies/cell. The median intrahepatic HBV cccDNA was 0.31 and 0.20 copies/cell in HBeAg positive and HBeAg negative cases, respectively. Serum HBV cccDNA was detectable in 85.2 % HBeAg positive and 48.1 % HBeAg negative CHB patients. Median serum HBV cccDNA was 46,000 and 26,350 copies/mL in HBeAg positive and HBeAg negative subjects, respectively. There was a significant positive correlation between the levels of intrahepatic total HBV DNA and intrahepatic HBV cccDNA (r = 0.533, p = 0.009). A positive correlation was also seen between serum HBV cccDNA levels and serum HBV DNA levels (r = 0.871, p < 0.001). It was concluded that serum HBV cccDNA could be detectable in higher proportion of HBeAg positive patients compared to HBeAg negative patients. Moreover, the median level of serum HBV cccDNA was significantly higher in HBeAg positive patients in contrast to HBeAg negative subjects.     

Cerumen as a potential risk for transmission of Hepatitis B virus

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) transmission via blood and other body fluids from infected individuals to healthy people has been largely demonstrated. However, in the current literature, there is little information available on the potential role of cerumen in HBV transmission. Cerumen and blood were collected from 70 patients infected with HBV and 70 volunteer healthy people were selected as the control group, and the samples were evaluated by ELISA and Real-time PCR. All the patients proved positive for HBsAg and anti HBc total. Sixty-one of the 70 cerumen samples of cases (82.1%) and 5 (7%) of controls were positive for HBV DNA with ranges from 1.53 × 102 to 2.9 × 108 and 1.3 × 102-2.6 × 105/ml, respectively. In three patients, the level of HBV DNA in cerumen was higher than that in the serums. The patients who were positive for HBeAg showed a higher rate of HBVDNA in the serum and cerumen.The results of this study showed the level of HBV DNA as a probably indicator of high risk transmission factor, which was present in the cerumen of chronic hepatitis B patients in west of Iran.     

Patterns of hepatitis B virus infection in Brazilian human immunodeficiency virus infected patients: high prevalence of occult infection and low frequency of lamivudine resistant mutations

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) molecular profiles were determined for 44 patients who were infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 and had antibodies to the hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc), with and without other HBV serological markers. In this population, 70% of the patients were under lamivudine treatment as a component of antiretroviral therapy. HBV DNA was detected in 14 (32%) patients. Eight out of 12 (67%) HBsAg positive samples, 3/10 (30%) anti-HBc only samples, and 3/22 (14%) anti-HBs positive samples were HBV DNA positive. HBV DNA loads, measured by real time polymerase chain reaction, were much higher in the HBsAg positive patients (mean, 2.5 x 10(9) copies/ml) than in the negative ones (HBV occult infection; mean, 2.7 x 10(5) copies/ml). Nine out of the 14 HBV DNA positive patients were under lamivudine treatment. Lamivudine resistant mutations in the polymerase gene were detected in only three patients, all of them belonging to the subgroup of five HBsAg positive, HBV DNA positive patients. A low mean HBV load (2.7 x 10(5) copies/ml) and an absence of lamivudine resistant mutations were observed among the cases of HBV occult infection.     

Circulating and liver resident CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells actively influence the antiviral immune response and disease progression in patients with hepatitis B

CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells (Treg) have been shown to maintain immune tolerance against self and foreign Ags, but their role in persistent viral infection has not been well-defined. In this study, we investigated whether and where CD4+CD25+ Treg contribute to the development of chronic hepatitis B (CHB). One hundred twenty-one patients were enrolled, including 16 patients with acute hepatitis B, 76 with CHB, and 29 with chronic severe hepatitis B. We demonstrated that in chronic severe hepatitis B patients, the frequencies of CD4+CD25+ Treg in both PBMC and liver-infiltrating lymphocytes were significantly increased and there was a dramatic increase of FoxP3(+)-cell and inflammatory cell infiltration in the liver compared with healthy controls. In CHB patients, circulating CD4+CD25+ Treg frequency significantly correlates with serum viral load. In acute hepatitis B patients, circulating CD4+CD25+ Treg frequency was initially low and with time, the profile reversed to exhibit an increased number of circulating Treg in the convalescent phase and restored to normal levels upon resolution. In PBMC taken from infected patients, depletion of CD4+CD25+ Treg led to an increase of IFN-gamma production by HBV-Ag-stimulated PBMC. In addition, CD4+CD25+ Treg were capable of suppressing proliferation of autologous PBMC mediated by HBV Ags, which probably reflects the generation of HBV-Ag-specific Treg in circulation and in the liver of HBV-infected patients. Together, our findings suggest that CD4+CD25+ Treg play an active role not only in modulating effectors of immune response to HBV infection, but also in influencing the disease prognosis in patients with hepatitis B.