血清间皮素联合CDK6诊断早期卵巢癌的临床价值研究

目的:探讨血清间皮素联合CDK6诊断早期卵巢癌的临床价值。方法:选择2014年6月~2017年6月就诊于我院妇产科的51例I~Ⅱ期卵巢癌患者(实验组)及同期经病理确诊为正常卵巢组织的43例患者(对照组)为研究对象,检测和比较其血清MSLN、CA125、CA199、HE4、VEGF-C水平及卵巢癌组织CDK6的表达。采用多因素logistic回归进一步分析两种间上述有显著差异的指标。同时,对新指标与血清CA125、CA199水平进行相关性分析,ROC曲线分析其对早期卵巢癌的诊断价值。结果:实验组血清MSLN、CA125、CA199、HE4、VEGF-C水平及CDK6表达均显著高于对照组(P0.05)。多因素logistic分析结果显示血清MSLN、CA125、CDK6表达对早期卵巢癌的诊断有价值(P0.05),且血清CA125的影响程度最高(RR=1.421)。卵巢癌患者血清MSLN(r=0.573,P=0.013)和卵巢癌组织CDK6表达(r=0.412,P=0.037)与CA125呈正相关关系。ROC曲线提示血清MSLN、CDK6表达、血清CA125及MSLN联合CDK6诊断早期卵巢癌的ROC曲线下面积分别为0.639、0.700、0.715、0.765,MSLN联合CDK6的曲线下面积最大。结论:血清MSLN联合癌组织CDK6的表达诊断早期卵巢癌的临床价值明显优于常规血清学指标CA125、CA199。     

人附睾蛋白4在卵巢癌中的应用进展

卵巢癌是妇科常见的恶性肿瘤,其死亡率居妇科恶性肿瘤之首,早期发现有助于提高患者的五年生存率。人附睾蛋白(HE4)属于蛋白酶抑制剂家族,是一种新的卵巢癌肿瘤标志物。HE4在卵巢癌组织中及患者血清中处于高表达状态。研究表明在早期诊断方面HE4比糖类抗原125(CA125)有更高的灵敏度和特异度,在疾病的治疗过程中可以预测肿瘤细胞减灭术的满意度及患者对铂类的反应,在卵巢癌的复发及预后的监测中HE4也有很大的临床应用价值。     

新辅助化疗联合间隔肿瘤细胞减灭术治疗晚期卵巢癌的临床观察

目的:观察新辅助化疗与间隔肿瘤细胞减灭术联合治疗晚期卵巢癌的临床疗效。方法:选取我院收治的晚期卵巢癌患者88例,采取分层随机法分成两组,对照组采取间隔肿瘤细胞减灭术治疗,将全子宫、大网膜、双附件、肿瘤转移灶、阑尾切除,根据手术中的情况,切除腹主动脉旁、盆腔淋巴结及受累的脏器,观察组在对照组基础上采取新辅助化疗,行2-3次化疗后进行手术,采取TP方案进行新辅助化疗,150 mg/m~2紫杉醇,行静脉滴注,持续滴注3小时,每天1次;0.06卡铂、200 m L 0.9%氯化钠注射液,行静脉滴注,每天1-3次;每个疗程间隔3周。比较两组的临床治疗总有效率、腹水量、术中出血量、病灶大小、手术时间、住院时间。结果:观察组的治疗总有效率(75.00%)显著高于对照组(54.55%)(P0.05),腹水量、术中出血量均明显少于对照组,病灶显著小于对照组(P0.05),手术时间、住院时间均明显短于对照组(P0.05)。结论:新辅助化疗联合间隔肿瘤细胞减灭术治疗晚期卵巢癌患者的临床效果明显优于单用间隔肿瘤细胞减灭术。     

上皮性卵巢癌患者CT、MRI影像学特征及与血清标志物CEA、CA199、CA125水平的相关性研究

摘要 目的：探讨上皮性卵巢癌患者电子计算机断层扫描（CT）、磁共振成像（MRI）影像学特征及与血清标志物癌胚抗原（CEA）、糖类抗原199（CA199）、糖类抗原125（CA125）水平的相关性。方法：回顾性分析2014年4月-2020年2月于我院83例诊断为上皮性卵巢癌患者的CT、MRI影像学资料,以手术病理结果作为金标准。分析患者的CT、MRI影像学特征,检测患者血清CEA、CA199、CA125水平,评价患者CT、MRI影像学特征与血清CEA、CA199、CA125水平的相关性。结果：上皮性卵巢癌肿瘤横截面最大径为14.2mm-121.7mm,平均（18.6±4.3）mm,上皮性卵巢癌以混杂密度/信号为主,形态不规则,病灶多为囊实性,可见壁结节及分隔改变,增强后可见分隔或壁结节明显强化,可伴有腹水、腹膜转移、淋巴结转移。血清CEA、CA199、CA125水平分别为（66.35±7.52）ng/mL、（183.59±22.62）U/mL、（225.27±25.34）U/mL。上皮性卵巢癌边界清晰、不清晰的血清CA199、CA125水平组间差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;上皮性卵巢癌形态圆形/类圆形/椭圆形、分叶状、形态不规则的血清CA199、CA125水平组间差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;上皮性卵巢癌患者有壁结节、腹膜转移、淋巴结转移的血清CEA、CA199、CA125水平组间差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;其余CT、MRI影像学表现特征组间血清CEA、CA199、CA125水平差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。上皮性卵巢癌边界与血清CA125水平呈正相关（P＜0.05）,上皮性卵巢癌形态与血清CA199、CA125水平呈正相关（P＜0.05）,壁结节与血清CA125水平呈正相关（P＜0.05）,腹膜转移、淋巴结转移与血清CEA、CA199、CA125水平呈正相关（P＜0.05）,其余指标之间无明显相关性（P＞0.05）。结论：上皮性卵巢癌CT、MRI影像表现具有特征性,血清CEA、CA199、CA125水平的检测有助于对早期上皮性卵巢癌的诊断以及不同病理类型的判断,CT、MRI影像学特征与血清CEA、CA199、CA125水平具有相关性,可判断疾病的进展及患者预后情况,对指导临床综合治疗及评估患者预后可提供客观依据。     

血清长链非编码RNA MALAT-1 在卵巢癌诊断中的临床意义

目的:探讨血清长链非编码RNA MALAT-1检测在卵巢癌患者中的诊断作用。方法:收集187例在我院行卵巢肿瘤切除术患者术前血清。应用实时定量PCR检测血清中MALAT-1 m RNA的表达。MALAT-1 m RNA的拷贝数使用绝对定量(标准曲线)计算。MALAT-1的诊断价值采用ROC-AUC曲线和logistic回归分析并与血清CA125进行比较。结果:1本研究有效样本比例为88.77%(166/187)。卵巢良性肿瘤和恶性肿瘤比例分别为62.05%(103/166)和37.95%(63/166)。卵巢恶性肿瘤患者MALAT-1明显高于良性肿瘤患者(p0.001)。经ROC曲线分析,血清CA125和MALAT-1曲线下面积分别为0.726和0.844,且血清MALAT-1的诊断价值明显优于血清CA125(p=0.023)。经logistic回归分析,应用血清MALAT-1和CA125的预测准确性分别为78.92%和68.07%,应用血清MALAT-1可提高预测准确性10.85%。进一步的分析得出,取血清MALAT-1截断点为36.5时,其预测的敏感性和特异性分别高达84.1%和67.0%。结论:血清长链非编码RNA MALAT-1检测对卵巢肿瘤的性质具有良好的预测作用,可作为卵巢癌早期诊断的分子标志物。本研究结果需大样本前瞻性的研究进一步验证。     

胸部CT联合血清糖类抗原-125、降钙素原、γ-干扰素诱导蛋白10对肺结核的诊断价值

摘要 目的：探讨胸部电子计算机断层扫描（CT）联合血清糖类抗原-125（CA125）、降钙素原（PCT）、γ-干扰素诱导蛋白10（IP-10）对肺结核的诊断价值。方法：选择2020年1月至2022年1月我院收治的108例疑似肺结核患者,根据组织活检结果分为肺结核组（71例）和非肺结核组（37例）。所有患者均接受胸部CT检查,检测血清CA125、PCT、IP-10水平,采用受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线分析胸部CT联合血清CA125、PCT、IP-10诊断肺结核的价值。结果：108例疑似肺结核患者中71例确诊肺结核,检出率65.74%。肺结核患者胸部CT表现为大片实变影或散在多发斑片影,伴空洞、树芽征或胸腔积液、胸膜增厚、结节性病变。肺结核组血清CA125、PCT、IP-10水平高于非肺结核组（P＜0.05）。胸部CT、CA125、PCT、IP-10诊断肺结核的曲线下面积分别为0.759、0.715、0.688、0.727,胸部CT、CA125、PCT、IP-10联合诊断肺结核的曲线下面积为0.876,高于胸部CT、CA125、PCT、IP-10单独诊断。结论：胸部CT可显示肺结核典型病变特征,肺结核患者的血清CA125、PCT、IP-10水平显著增高,联合胸部CT、CA125、PCT、IP-10可提高对肺结核的诊断效能。     

人附睾蛋白4与血清CA125联合检测在卵巢癌诊断中的应用价值

目的：探讨人附睾蛋白4（HE4）和CA125联合检测在上皮性卵巢癌临床诊断中的应用价值。方法：用化学发光法测定51例卵巢癌患者、64例卵巢良性疾病患者和50例健康对照者血清中的HE4和CA125水平,并对结果进行比较分析。结果：卵巢癌组血清中HE4和CA125水平均显著高于卵巢良性肿瘤组和健康对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,卵巢良性肿瘤组与健康对照组比较无显著性差异;HE4在早期卵巢癌中的阳性率高于CA125,两者联合检测可提高卯巢癌诊断的阳性率;卵巢癌组联合检测ROC曲线下面积大于单项检测曲线下面积。结论：联合检测HE4和CA125有助于卵巢癌的早期诊断。     

动态监测上皮性卵巢癌患者血清CA125水平对疗效及预后的评估价值

目的:通过观察卵巢上皮性癌患者术前、术后及化疗后CA125水平变化,探讨其水平变化对患者预后的评价价值。方法:选取2012年3月至2013年2月间医院诊治的卵巢上皮性癌患者85例为研究对象,所有患者均接受规范的卵巢癌分期手术或卵巢癌细胞减灭术,术后常规进行系统化疗。比较手术及化疗后患者血清CA125水平的变化,分析患者血清CA125水平动态变化、转阴时间与患者预后关系。结果:治疗后,患者CA125水平呈明显下降趋势,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。T1/2≤20 d患者存活时间明显长于T1/220 d的患者,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。CA125转阴时间≤8周的患者存活时间长于CA125转阴时间8周的患者,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。其复发率明显低于CA125转阴时间8周的患者,复发时间长于CA125转阴时间8周的患者,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:通过检测血清CA125水平变化可以对卵巢上皮性癌患者预后进行较为准确的评价。     

血清MIC-1与CEA、SCC、CA25对肺癌的诊断价值分析

为了探讨血清巨噬细胞抑制因子-1 (MIC-1)、癌坯抗原(CEA)、鳞状细胞癌抗原(SCC)、糖链抗原125(CA125)在肺癌中的诊断价值,本研究选取120例经病理学确诊的肺癌患者(2014年8月至2016年12月)作为病例组,另选60例健康对象作为健康组,检测两组对象血清MIC-1、CEA、SCC、CA125的水平,并分析各项指标单独应用与联合应用时诊断肺癌的临床价值。研究显示,病例组患者的血清MIC-1、CEA、SCC、CA125的水平均显著的高于健康组,差异具有统计学意义(p0.05);血清MIC-1诊断肺癌的灵敏度为71.33%、特异度为91.04%、ROC曲线下面积AUC值为0.833;CEA诊断肺癌的灵敏度为55.64%、特异度为87.20%、ROC曲线下面积AUC值为0.782;CA125诊断肺癌的灵敏度为67.41%、特异度为83.29%、ROC曲线下面积AUC值为0.814;SCC诊断肺癌的灵敏度为55.83%、特异度为93.30%、ROC曲线下面积AUC值为0.776;MIC-1+CEA+SCC+CA125诊断肺癌的灵敏度为88.63%、特异度为89.20%、ROC曲线下面积AUC值为0.912。本研究表明,血清MIC-1对肺癌具有一定的诊断价值,MIC-1联合CEA、SCC、CA125对肺癌具有更高的临床诊断价值。     

增强CT图像纹理参数联合血清CEA、CA724在食管癌术后复发转移中的临床应用价值

摘要 目的：研究增强计算机断层扫描（CT）图像纹理参数联合血清癌胚抗原（CEA）、糖类抗原724（CA724）在食管癌术后复发转移中的临床应用价值。方法：选取2019年6月-2021年7月于我院行手术治疗的86例食管癌患者,术前检测其血清CEA、CA724水平,并行增强CT扫描,将其动、静脉期图像数据行纹理分析,记录均值、中位数、标准差、不均匀度、偏度、峰度、熵值等参数。术后对86例食管癌患者进行12个月随访,根据其是否发生复发转移分为复发转移组（32例）与无复发转移组（54例）,比较两组增强CT图像纹理参数及血清CEA、CA724水平差异;采用受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线分析增强CT图像纹理参数联合血清CEA、CA724对食管癌患者术后复发转移的预测价值。结果：复发转移组动脉期熵值高于无复发转移组（P＜0.05）;复发转移组静脉期不均匀度、熵值均高于无复发转移组（P＜0.05）。复发转移组血清CEA、CA724水平高于无复发转移组（P＜0.05）。ROC曲线显示,血清CEA、CA724联合动脉期熵值及静脉期不均匀度、熵值的曲线下面积（AUC）、敏感度、特异度均较各指标单独应用有明显提升,联合应用的预测效能更高。结论：血清CEA、CA724水平和动脉期熵值及静脉期不均匀度、熵值升高与食管癌患者术后发生复发转移有关,动脉期熵值及静脉期不均匀度、熵值联合血清CEA、CA724在预测食管癌患者术后发生复发转移中的应用价值较高。     

六种藓类植物茎的比较解剖学研究

通过对6种藓类植物,即褶叶青藓(Brachythecium salebrosum(Web.et Mohr.)B.S.G.)、湿地匐灯藓(Plagiomnium acutum(Lindb.)Kop.)、侧枝匐灯藓(Plagiomnium maximoviczii(Lindb.)Kop.)、大凤尾藓(Fissidensnobilis Griff.)、大羽藓(Thuidium cymbifolium(Doz.et Molk.)B.S.G.)和大灰藓(Hypnum plumaeforme Wils.)嫩茎和老茎的石蜡切片和显微观察发现,同一藓类植株的嫩茎和老茎,茎结构稳定,不同种藓类植物茎横切面具有不同特征.植物体茎横切面形状、表层细胞的层数、细胞大小和细胞壁厚薄、皮层细胞大小和形状、中轴的有无以及比例等特征可以作为藓类植物的分科分类依据之一.     

Cause of Senescence of Nine Sorts of Flowers

The levels of endogenous phytohormones and respiratory rate in nine sorts of flowers such as Cymbidium faberi Rolfe, Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth and others were investigated both at full bloom and senescence and meanwhile the effect of exogenous phytohormones on prolonging the blossoms and promoting ethylene production were tested. There is a high content of endogenous ethylene in all the long-lived flowere, about 3–16 folds higer than the short-lived ones. There is a high level of ABA at full blooming flowers of short-lived flowers, in which there is no or only some cytokinins in it, but the ratio of CTK (6BA+zeatin)/ABA is smaller(l.7). The endogenous ABA reached a much higher level at senescence in all nine sorts of flowers, so it is reasonable to consider that it is ABA which plays an important role of regulation in controlling flower's senescence. There is a much higher level of GA3 and zeatin in the long-lived flowers which is not demonstrated in the shortlived ones. The respiratory rate is one of the factors controtling the longevity of flowers, but it does not play a decided role. Application of 6BA and zeatin prolongs distinctly orchid’s longevity, however exogenous IAA through the promotive action on ethylene production, evidently extends the longevity of the flowers of the Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth.     

龙胆科药用植物化学成分的研究现状

龙胆科植物在我国的分布范围很广,且多数为药用植物,其多数种属的药用植物,至今其化学成分尚未被系统研究。综述了目前龙胆科药用植物的化学成分的研究现状及一般提取方法,对近年来发现的环烯醚萜及裂环烯醚萜类化合物进行了总结,为本科药用植物的更深入研究提供了参考。     

The effects of glutamine of the maintenance of embryogenic cultures of Cryptomeria japonica

Summary Embryogenic tissues of sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) were induced on a modified Campbell and Durzan (CD) medium containing 1 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 600 mg l⁻¹ glutamine, and subcultured in the medium of the same composition for over 1 yr. This resulted in a mixed culture of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells. When embryogenic cells were isolated and cultured independently, their capacity to form embryogenic aggregates was lost. Thus, the non-embryogenic cells present within a mixed culture system were essential to the formation of embryogenic aggregates. When embryogenic tissues were isolated and cultured independently on a high glutamine-containing (2400 mg l⁻¹) medium, dry weights and endogenous levels of glutamine increased, and the tissue could generate a large number of embryogenic aggregates. Amino acid analysis of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells from the maintenance culture indicated a higher level of glutamine was present in the latter. The high endogenous level of glutamine in the non-embryogenic portion of mixed cell masses may be the supplier of glutamine for maintaining the embryogenic property of the tissues.     

Specificity of action of piperidylcholine derivatives as substrates of cholinesterases of various origin

The review deals with study of enzymologic properties of a novel highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate, N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium iodomethylate (“piperidylcholine”), and its 30 derivatives that were tested as effectors of cholinesterases of mammals and various species of Pacific squids. It was proven for the first time that responsible for specificity of action was structure of cyclic ammonium grouping of the alcohol part of molecule of the ester substrate. Analysis of specificity is performed based on enzymatic hydrolysis parameters—activity of catalytic center of cholinesterases and bimolecular constant of the reaction rate that are determined at optimal and low substrate concentrations. Among the specially synthesized group of thioester compounds there is revealed one more highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate—N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium.     

真菌类遗传学分析的知识结构教学

本文以认知结构理论为指导,讨论了真菌类遗传分析与高等动植物遗传分析的内在联系,认为利用这种内在联系进行教学可收到好的效果并说明了作者的具体教学过程。 Abstract:In the paper, the relationship between genetic analysis of Fungi and genetic analysis of high animal and plant was discussed.A good results were obtained when we adopted this method in the teaching.     

The mechanism of hatching of eggs of Haemonchus contortus

Fluid collected from hatching eggs of Haemonchus contortus contained a lipase which hydrolysed 2-naphthyl laurate (about 0·7 μmol naphthol freed /h/10⁶ eggs). The fluid also hydrolysed l-leucinamide (about 2·3 μmol leucine freed/h/10⁶ eggs). The fluid when added to normal or heated eggs caused ‘hatching’. ‘Hatching’ also occurred in exsheathing fluid from infective juveniles and in a preparation of pancreatic lipase containing leucine aminopeptidase. A purified mammalian leucine aminopeptidase in combination with several different lipases did not attack egg shells.The ‘spontaneous’ hatching of eggs of H. contortus was strongly inhibited by 1,10-phenanthroline, 10^?3M, and this inhibition was reversed by Zn²⁺. However, the inhibition of ‘hatching’ of eggs in externally applied hatching fluid, or the hydrolysis of leucinamide in hatching fluid was generally less marked.     

Photoregulation of seed germination of wild-type and of an aurea-mutant of tomato

Seed germination of an aurea mutant of tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is promoted by continuous irradiation with red, far-red or long-wavelength far-red (758 nm) light as well as by cyclic irradiations (5 min red or 5 min far-red/25 min darkness). Far-red light applied immediately after each red does not change the germination behaviour. Seed germination of the isogenic wild-type, cv. UC-105, is promoted by continuous and cyclic red light while it is inhibited by continuous and cyclic far-red light and by continious 758 nm irradiation. Far-red irradiation reverses almost completely the promoting effect of red light. The promoting effect (in the aurea mutant) and the inhibitory effect (in the wild-type) of continuous far-red light do not show photon fluence rate dependency above 20 nmol m⁻² s⁻¹. It is concluded that phytochrome controls tomato seed germination throgh low energy responses in both the wild type and the au mutant. The promoting effect of continuous and cyclic far-red light in the au mutant can be attributed to a greater sensitivity to P_fr.