采自黑龙江省的丝膜菌属中国新记录种

在对中国黑龙江省进行的大型真菌调查中,发现丝膜菌属3个中国新记录种——北方毛盖丝膜菌、红褐丝膜菌和亚杂环丝膜菌。文中基于形态分类和分子系统学分析的结果,证实了该3个种在我国的分布,并提供了详细的形态学描述。     

中国丝膜菌属分类研究1. 黏盖亚属

丝膜菌属Cortinarius是真菌界中最大的属,囊括了重要的外生菌根真菌。黏盖亚属Phlegmacium是丝膜菌属中较大的亚属,该亚属的真菌在湿润条件下菌盖表面具有黏性。本研究运用形态分类与分子系统发育分析相结合的方法,对中国丝膜菌属黏盖亚属的馆藏标本开展分类学研究,共发现24个种,其中中国新记录种12个。本研究系统总结了各个物种的相关信息,对中国新记录种进行了详细描述。     

柯夫丝膜菌,中国丝膜菌属一新种(英文)

报道了产自我国云南的丝膜菌属一新种:柯夫丝膜菌Cortinarius korfii。该新种主要特征为菌盖表面橄榄褐色并具小鳞片,菌褶蓝紫色,菌柄表面具绒毛,子实体在紫外光下有显著的荧光反应。详细描述了这一新种,并与其相似种进行了比较。     

内蒙古东部伞菌和牛肝菌名录(续)

报道采自内蒙古自治区赤峰市及呼伦贝尔市等地的伞菌和牛肝菌4目24科65属201种,其中包括86种食用菌,24种药用菌和23种有毒种类,其他为经济价值尚不明确的种。其中有8种为本地区分布的中国新记录种,即大孢锥盖伞Conocybe macrospora(G.F.Atk.)Hauskn.、卡西米尔丝膜菌Cortinarius casimiri(Velen.)Huijsman、棕黑丝膜菌C.diasemospermus Lamoure、黏膜丝膜菌C.mucosus(Bull.)J.Kickx f.、假变形丝膜菌C.pseudotalus Rob.Henry、美柄丝膜菌C.venustus P.Karst.、春丝膜菌C.vernus H.Lindstr.Melot和黄棕丝盖伞Inocybe fuscidula Velen.,并首次在该地区发现松口蘑Tricholoma matsutake(S.ItoS.Imai)Singer。     

采自内蒙古大兴安岭的丝膜菌属新记录种

报道了采自内蒙古大兴安岭地区丝膜菌属3个中国新记录种：橄榄棕丝膜菌Cortinarius olivaceofuscus、暗褐牛丝膜菌C. fuscobovinus和黄色丝膜菌C. croceus,并提供形态描述和线条图以及GenBank基因序列号。ITS序列分析及比对结果与形态学鉴定结果相吻合。研究标本存放于吉林农业大学菌物标本馆。     

四种贺兰山紫蘑菇rDNA ITS序列分析

对4种紫蘑菇的rDNA ITS区段进行克隆测序和序列特征比较分析,并与GenBank检索获得的相似性最高菌株的ITS序列一起计算遗传距离并构建系统发育树,旨在探索紫蘑菇的分子鉴定方法及亲缘关系.结果显示,CM-1、CM-2、CM-3及CM-4四种紫蘑菇均属于丝膜菌(Cortinarius),分别与C.rufoolivaceus、C.coerulescens、C.humolens和C.calochrous序列进行比对后,均显示了较高的遗传相似性.贺兰山紫蘑菇隶属于丝膜菌属(Cortinarius).     

中国南方两个革菌新种：中国丝皮革菌和棉絮丝皮革菌（丝皮革菌科,多孔菌目）

依据形态学和分子系统学研究结果,描述了产自中国云南省的丝皮革菌属2个新种,即中国丝皮革菌Hyphoderma sinense和棉絮丝皮革菌H. floccosum。中国丝皮革菌以光滑子实层体表面、被结晶和念珠状的囊状体及圆柱形至腊肠状的担孢子（8-11.5×3-5μm）为主要识别特征。棉絮丝皮革菌具有棉絮状至粉状子实层体表面、管状和分隔状囊状体及椭圆形至腊肠状担孢子。对新种的ITS和nLSU片段进行了测序和分析,采用最大似然法、最大简约法和贝叶斯推断法对研究样本的ITS+nLSU nrRNA基因序列进行系统发育分析,结果显示两个新种隶属于丝皮革菌属,其中,中国丝皮革菌与变形丝皮革菌聚在一起;棉絮丝皮革菌与松生丝皮革菌、丝皮革菌和拟丝皮革菌聚为一类。本研究提供了两新种的详细描述、线条图、生态照片及与相似种的区别,同时编写了我国丝皮革菌属23个种的检索表。     

晶圆盘菌属中国新记录种

<正>晶圆盘菌属Hyalorbilia Baral & G.Marson是圆盘菌科中的一个小属,包括O.inflatula(P.Karst.)P.Karst.等5个种(Baral & Marson,2001)。该属子实层组织胶化,子囊产自产囊丝钩,顶部半球形,壁不     

中国丝盖伞属凹孢亚属的分类与分子系统

结合形态学和分子系统学资料,对我国丝盖伞属凹孢亚属Inocybe subgen.Inosperma进行了分类学研究。确认该亚属8个分类群在中国的分布,并编制了分种检索表,包括3个中国新记录种:新褐丝盖伞Inocybe neobrunnescens、淀粉味丝盖伞I.quietiodor、蜡盖丝盖伞I.lanatodisca。根据采集的材料对此3种进行了形态学描述和绘图,并基于ITS序列,采用贝叶斯法分析了与之相近物种之间的系统学关系。基于n LSU序列重建了我国丝盖伞属凹孢亚属系统发育树,进一步分析和讨论了我国该亚属物种与欧洲和北美的近缘种之间的区别和联系,初步认为裂盖组为非单系群。     

丝盖伞属丝盖伞亚属三个中国新记录种

在形态学研究和分子系统发育分析的基础上,本文报道了丝盖伞属丝盖伞亚属3个中国新记录种,分别为垂暮丝盖伞Inocybe appendiculata、薄囊丝盖伞I.leptocystis和华美丝盖伞I.splendens。根据国内采集的材料对此3种进行了描述和绘图。通过对馆藏标本的查阅给出了它们已知的国内地理分布。对丝盖伞亚属国内已证实有分布的28个分类群编制了分种检索表。     

Cortinarius subgenus Dermocybe in Greenland

The following species of Cortinarius subg. Dermocybe are recorded from Greenland: C. cinnamomeus, C. croceus, C. norvegicus, C. croceoconus, C. huronensis var. huronensis, C. uliginosus, C. cinnamomeoluteus , and C. polaris . Ecological and plant geographical features are discussed for each species. Cortinarius cinnamomeus and C. uliginosirs seem to be southern species never penetrating into the arctic zones; C. croceus, C. croceoconus, C. huronensis var. huronensis , and C. cinnamomeoluteus southern species penetrating into the arctic zones; and C. norvegicus and C. polaris true arctic species. Cortinarius norvegicus is probably continental, while the other species are distributed in continental as well as oceanic areas.     

New Cortinarius species from Nothofagus forests in South Chile

Four new Cortinarius species are described from Nothofagus forests in South Chile. Cortinarius aurantiorufus and C. punctatisporus, subgenus Phlegmacium, stirps Inflatipes, are mainly characterized by a viscid to glutinous pileus and a bulbous whitish stipe. They differ in the color of the pileus, and shape, ornamentation, and size of the basidiospores. Futhermore, C. punctatisporus has a translucently striate pileus. Cortinarius rubrivelatus and C. parahumilis belong to subgenus Telamonia, stirps Brunneivelatus and Scabrisporus, respectively. Cortinarius rubrivelatus has a reddish veil, a viscid pileus, and large, ellipsoid to amygdaliform basidiospores. Cortinarius parahumilis has small, subglobose to broadly elliptical, minutely verrucose basidiospores and a viscid pileus.     

Cortinarius sanguineus and equally red species in Europe with an emphasis on northern European material

The red species of Cortinarius subgenus Dermocybe in Europe were studied based on morphological and molecular data. Three completely red species were recognized: C. sanguineus (syn. C. sanguineus var. aurantiovaginatus), C. puniceus (syn. C. cruentus, C. rubrosanguineus) and C. vitiosus comb. nov. Cortinarius sanguineus has dusky red to red pileus, reddish yellow mycelium and lacking or with only slightly encrusted hyphae in pileipellis. It occurs in mesic to damp forests with Picea, often on rich soil in the boreal and montane areas of Europe, presumably also in eastern Canada. Cortinarius puniceus differs from C. sanguineus by its stronger purplish red, narrower spores and spot-like encrusted hyphae in pileipellis. It grows with deciduous trees in the temperate zone of Europe. Cortinarius vitiosus is known only from Fennoscandia and occurs in dry to mesic coniferous forests. It has fairly thin, often zonate, dark red to dark reddish brown pileus, pale red mycelium, small spores and encrusted lamellar trama and pileipellis hyphae. In addition to these three species C. fervidus and C. phoeniceus occasionally have red basidiomes. The relationships of the species were inferred by analysis of ITS sequences. Our study suggests that the section Sanguinei, as earlier defined, is polyphyletic. Here the section is limited to include C. sanguineus, C. puniceus and North American D. sierraensis. The relationships with other red species were not determined. Section Dermocybe, including C. cinnamomeus, C. croceus and C. uliginosus, formed a monophyletic group, and the section Malicoriae had some support. A total of 34 new sequences are published including nine from type specimens.     

A new species and a new variety of Cortinarius sect. Defibulati from Niigata,Japan

 A new species and a new variety of Cortinarius sect. Defibulati are described and illustrated from Niigata, Japan. Cortinarius rugosolilacinus sp.nov., found in deciduous forests, is most similar to Cortinarius livido-ochraceus (=C. elatior), but differs mainly in its longer basidiospores, slender basidiocarp, and pale violet lamellae in the button stage. Cortinarius pseudosalor var. niigatensis var. nov., found in deciduous forests, is distinguished from the type variety by its brown to dark brown pileus with a wrinkled surface even when young. The differences between the two taxa and similar species are briefly discussed. Received: September 5, 2001 / Accepted: May 23, 2002     

Phylogeny of Rozites, Cuphocybe and Rapacea inferred from ITS and LSU rDNA sequences

Phylogenetic relationships of Rozites, Cuphocybe, and Rapacea were assessed using molecular phylogenetic approaches. These three genera are placed in Cortinariaceae and have been regarded as closely related to Cortinarius. Rozites includes more than 20 species, which are characterized by having both a membranaceous partial veil in the form of a persistent annulus and a membranaceous universal veil. Cuphocye (4 species) lacks an annulus or cortina, but has pigmented veil fibrils or scales. The monotypic genus Rapacea accommodates a distinct taxon with pale, nearly smooth and thick-walled basidiospores. We analyzed 56 sequences of the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS1, ITS2, and the intervening 5.8S rRNA gene) for nine species of Rozites, three species of Cuphocybe, 28 species of Cortinarius, Rapacea mariae and Protoglossum luteum. Two species of Hebeloma were used as outgroup. Large subunit (LSU) rDNA sequences from selected taxa were also analyzed. The results clearly demonstrate that Rozites species are nested within the clade/Cortinarius, and that Rozites is polyphyletic, suggesting that membranaceous veils have evolved several times in the genus Cortinarius. Also Rapacea and Cuphocybe are nested within Cortinarius, making the latter genus paraphyletic. Based on phylogenetic studies, Rozites, Cuphocybe and Rapacea are artificial genera and do not reflect natural relationships.     

A re-evaluation of the Cortinarius scobinaceus and Cortinarius impolitus complex in the Mediterranean area

We have conducted a taxonomic study of Cortinarius belleri, C. cistohelvelloides, C. impolitus and C. scobinaceus from material collected in Spain, France, Italy, Portugal and Morocco. Based on anatomy, morphology, ecology and distribution (geographical data) we recognize two species, C. impolitus and C. scobinaceus, and the new combination C. scobinaceus var. cistohelvelloides is made. Cortinarius belleri, C. cistohelvelloides, C. impolitus and C. scobinaceus have been typed, and a key for identification of these taxa is included.