环颈雉胃的血供

用血管铸型法和大体解剖学方法对环颈雉胃动脉的起源、分布及胃静脉的回流情况进行了解剖学研究。结果表明,环颈雉的胃动脉均由腹腔动脉分出;腺胃由腺胃背侧动脉和腺胃腹侧动脉营养,腺胃背侧动脉直接起自腹腔动态的左侧,腺胃腹侧动脉起自腹腔动脉左支。腺胃血液的静脉有腺胃前静脉和腺胃后静脉,分别汇入后腔静脉和左肝门静脉。肌胃由肌胃左动脉、肌胃右动脉和肌胃背侧动脉营养,肌胃左动脉起自腹腔动脉的左支;肌胃右动脉起自腹腔动脉的右支;肌胃背侧动脉从腺胃背动脉分支而来。回流肌胃血液的静脉有胃右静脉、胃左静脉和胃腹侧静脉;胃右静脉汇入右肝门静脉,胃左静脉和胃腹侧静脉汇入左肝门静脉。另外腺胃和肌胃的表面缺乏主干动脉间的吻合。     

一雄性灰鹤胃的血液供应

用血管铸型法对一只因伤致死的雄性灰鹤胃的血供进行铸型观察,结果显示,灰鹤的胃动脉均由腹腔动脉分出,腺胃由腺胃背侧动脉和腺胃腹侧动脉供应营养,肌胃由胃左动脉、胃右动脉和肌胃背侧动脉供应营养。腺胃的静脉有腺胃腹侧静脉、胃凹腹侧静脉和腺胃背侧静脉,分别经左（腺胃腹侧静脉和胃凹腹侧静脉）、右（腺胃背侧静脉）肝门静脉回流;肌胃的静脉有胃左静脉、胃右静脉和胃背侧静脉,分别经左（胃左静脉）、右（胃右静脉和肌胃背侧静脉）肝门静脉回流。此外本文将灰鹤胃的血供与其它动物的进行了比较。     

家鸽胃动脉的解剖学研究

用血管铸型和透明方法观察研究家鸽胃的血供情况。家鸽腺胃由腺胃右动脉和腺胃左动脉营养，肌胃由肌胃右动脉和肌胃左动脉营养，它们均起自腹腔动脉。另外，家鸽胃动脉间缺乏吻合现象。     

牦牛眼的动脉分布

运用大体解剖学的方法研究了青藏高原牦牛(Bos grlznniens)眼的动脉供应。为了显示从颈总动脉到眼的血液供应情况,在6个牦牛的颈总动脉内灌注乙醚．红色油画颜料(15：1)。结果表明,眼的动脉供应主要来源于眼内动脉、眼外动脉、颞浅动脉和颧动脉。眼内动脉在眼眶内与眼外动脉相吻合,其为睫状长动脉的主要来源;眼外动脉产生的分支供应眼背侧斜肌、泪腺区、上下眼睑和眼外侧角,并且参与了前硬膜外异网和眼异网的形成;眼异网发出许多分支供应眼直肌、眼背侧斜肌、眼球缩肌、上眼睑提肌和脉络膜;颞浅动脉发出分支供应眼外侧角、上下眼睑、泪腺区,而且和眼异网发出的泪腺动脉相互吻合;颧动脉起自眶下动脉,其分支供应上下和第三眼睑、眼腹侧直肌及内侧眼角。在6个标本中,眼的动脉分布左右基本相同。     

胎儿胃底后壁、贲门及食管腹段后壁的动脉解剖

目的:研究胎儿胃底后壁、贵门及食管腹段后壁的血液供应.方法:取30例胎儿尸体(6-10月),5%红色过氯乙烯填充胎儿胃的动脉血管,解剖观察胃底后壁、贲门及食管腹段的动脉血管的来源,测量动脉支数,血管长度,口径,分布.结果:胎儿胃底后壁、贲门及食管腹段后壁的血液由胃上动脉供给.胎儿胃上动脉起于左膈下动脉和胃左动脉,出现率为49.26%,1-3支不等,平均长(5.86±0.21)mm,起始点平均外径(0.32±0.08)mm.结论:胎儿胃底后壁、贲门及食管腹段后壁有1-3支动脉血管供应,即胃上动脉分支:食管支,胃底支,贲门支.动脉分布的研究为全胃切除和残胃血供提供形态学依据.     

梅花鹿肝内门静脉系统的初步观察

以铸型技术观察了梅花鹿（Ｃｅｒｖｕｓ　ｎｉｐｐｏｎ）肝的门静脉系统。发现门静脉左支发出左外侧叶背侧静脉、左外侧叶腹侧静脉、左内侧叶外侧静脉、左内侧叶内侧静脉,尾状叶支和方叶支;右支缺如;右内侧叶静脉、右外侧叶背侧静脉、右外侧叶腹侧静脉直接由门静脉分出,尾状突静脉由右外侧叶腹侧静脉分出。梅花鹿肝如人、兔、猪、山羊、猕猴一样可分为二叶、四段,即左、右叶和左外侧叶（段）、左内侧叶（段）,右内侧叶（段）、右外侧叶（段）,尾状叶的左、右部可分别隶属于左、右叶。     

川金丝猴冠状动脉的解剖

为了阐明金丝猴心脏冠状动脉的分支分布特征与血供情况,用血管铸型和组织透明方法观察了川金丝猴心脏左、右冠状动脉的分支分布情况。结果表明：川金丝猴心脏左冠状动脉分为前隆支和旋支。左缘支较粗,是前降支的主要分支,分支分布于左室侧壁和后壁的大部分。川金丝猴有单独的室间隔支,起于左冠状动脉前降支,供应室间隔的大部分。右冠状动脉分为动脉圆锥支、右室前支、右缘支及右室后支,其主干延续为后室间支。川金丝猴的前室间支由动脉圆锥支延续而来。冠状动脉在隔面的分布类型属均衡型。川金丝猴左心由左冠状动脉及其分支前降支和旋支提供营养,右心由右冠状动脉及其分支提供营养。     

川金丝猴脑的动脉供应

为了探讨川金丝猴脑动脉供应的形态学特征,为脑生物学研究提供结构基础,用血管铸型和组织透明方法追踪观察了川金丝猴幼体脑动脉的来源和分支分布。结果表明川金丝猴与人脑的动脉供应基本相同,也由颈内动脉和椎动脉供应。上述动脉的分支于垂体周围形成大脑动脉环。颈内动脉通过大脑前动脉和大脑中动脉主要供应大脑半球前部的血液,椎动脉参与形成基底动脉、小脑动脉系和大脑后动脉,供应脑干、小脑和大脑后部的血液。另外,川金丝猴幼体左、右大脑前动脉间缺少前交通动脉。     

[卡其].肯拜尔鸭和北京鸭胰脏和胰管的比较解剖

本研究共观察[卡其]·肯拜尔鸭(Khaki Campbell)45只,北京鸭[Pekin duck(Anas domestica L.)]41只,比较了两种鸭胰叶和胰管的形态结构。结果如下:[卡其]·肯拜尔鸭和北京鸭的胰脏都分为背侧胰叶,腹侧胰叶和脾胰叶。除有背侧胰管和腹侧胰管外,还观察到自背侧胰叶尾端发出另一胰管入十二指肠,并命名为第一胰管。[卡其]·肯拜尔鸭和北京鸭的背侧和腹侧胰管入肠类型均可分为三种:背、腹侧胰管以左、右向排列;背侧胰管在前,腹侧胰管在后;腹侧胰管在前,背侧胰管在后。此外,[卡其]·肯拜尔鸭出现多条胰管入肠的例数多于北京鸭。     

暗腹雪鸡食管和胃的形态学及组织学观察

为了解暗腹雪鸡(Tetraogallus himalayensis)食管和胃的形态及组织结构特征,利用生物显微技术对暗腹雪鸡的食管和胃进行了观察.结果表明,暗腹雪鸡嗉囊发达.食管壁由黏膜层、黏膜下层、肌层和外膜组成,黏膜层较厚,黏膜上皮为复层扁平上皮,固有膜内食管腺丰富,由腺细胞围成的腺管直接开口于黏膜上皮,食管肌层发达,由内环、外纵平滑肌组成.胃壁由黏膜层、肌层和外膜组成,胃的黏膜下层不发达或缺无,胃肌层的排列则为内纵外环.表明暗腹雪鸡食管和胃的结构可能与其消化功能及其生境密切相关.     

The bronchial tree,lobular division,and blood vessels of the lung of the Diana monkey (Cercopithecus diana)

The authors examined the lung of one Diana monkey (Cercopithecus diana). The right lung consists of upper, middle, lower, and accessory lobes, the upper and middle lobes being united dorsally. The accessory and lower lobes are separated from the other lobes by fissures. The left lung consists of a bi-lobed middle lobe and a lower lobe. These lobes are separated by an interlobular fissure. The Diana monkey has dorsal, lateral, ventral, and medial bronchiole systems on either side. The upper lobe is formed by the first bronchiole of the dorsal bronchiole system. The middle lobe is formed by the first bronchiole of the lateral bronchiole system and the accessory lobe is formed by the first bronchiole of the ventral bronchiole system. The remaining bronchioles of the four bronchiole systems constitute the lower lobe. The right pulmonary artery runs across the ventral side of the right upper lobe bronchiole, and then across the dorsal side of the right middle lobe bronchiole. Thereafter, it runs between the dorsal and lateral bronchiole systems, along the dorso-lateral side of the right bronchus. During its course, the right pulmonary artery gives off arterial branches running along the dorsal or lateral side of each bronchiole. The left pulmonary artery runs across the dorsal side of the left middle lobe bronchiole. Thereafter, it follows the same course as in the right lung, giving off arterial branches. The pulmonary veins run along the ventral or medial side of the bronchiole, and between the bronchioles.     

Distribution of the pulmonary artery and vein in the lung of the crab-eating monkey (Macaca fascicularis)

In the lung of the crab-eating monkey (Macaca fascicularis), the right pulmonary artery runs across the ventral side of the right upper lobe bronchiole and the dorsal side of the right middle lobe bronchiole. Thereafter, it courses along the dorso-lateral side of the right bronchus, between the dorsal and lateral bronchiole systems. During this course, the right pulmonary artery gives off arterial branches running mainly along the dorsal or lateral side of each bronchiole. The left pulmonary artery runs across the dorsal side of the left middle lobe bronchiole, and is then distributed as in the right lower lobe. The pulmonary veins run mainly along the ventral or medial side of the bronchiole in the upper and middle lobes whereas, in the lower lobe, they run ventrally, and between the bronchioles. Finally they enter the left atrium as four large veins.     

Distribution of the pulmonary artery and vein in the chimpanzee lung

Lungs of two chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) were examined. The right pulmonary artery runs across the ventral side of the right upper lobe bronchiole and, then across the dorsal side of the right middle lobe bronchiole. Thereafter, it runs between the dorsal bronchiole system and the lateral bronchiole system, along the right bronchus. During its course, it gives off arterial branches which run along each bronchiole. The left pulmonary artery runs across the dorsal side of the left middle lobe bronchiole and then between the dorsal bronchiole system and the lateral bronchiole system. The branches of the pulmonary artery run mainly along the dorsal or lateral side of the bronchiole. The pulmonary veins run mainly along the ventral or medial side of the bronchioles, and between them. Finally, they enter the left atrium with four large veins, i.e. the common trunk of the right upper lobe vein and the right middle lobe vein, right lower lobe pulmonary venous trunk, left middle lobe vein, and left lower lobe pulmonary venous trunk.     

The lobular division,bronchial tree and blood vessels of the squirrel monkey lung

The lobular division, bronchial tree, and blood vessels in lungs of seven squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus) were examined from the viewpoint of comparative anatomy. The right lung of the squirrel monkey consists of the upper, middle, lower, and accessory lobes, whereas the left lung consists of the upper, middle, and lower lobes. These lobes are completely separated by interlobular fissures. In three of seven examples examined the left middle lobe was lacking. The squirrel monkey lung has four bronchiole systems, i.e. dorsal, lateral, ventral, and medial, on both sides. The upper lobes are formed by the first branches of the dorsal bronchiole systems. The middle lobes are formed by the first branches of the lateral bronchiole systems. The remaining bronchioles constitute the lower lobes. In addition to the above lobes, in the right lung, the accessory lobe is present, being formed by the first branch of the ventral bronchiole system. The right pulmonary artery runs across the ventral side of the right upper lobe bronchiole, and then across the dorsal side of the right middle lobe bronchiole. Thereafter, it runs between the dorsal bronchiole and lateral bronchiole systems along the dorso-lateral side of the right bronchus. During its course, the right pulmonary artery gives off the arterial branches which run along each bronchiole. These branches run mainly along the dorsal or lateral side of the bronchioles. In the left lung, the pulmonary artery and its branches run the same course as in the right lung. The pulmonary veins run mainly the ventral or medial side of the bronchioles, and between the bronchioles.     

Arterial supply to the stomach of indigenous dog (Canis familiaris) in Bangladesh.

Arterial supply to the stomach of dogs indigenous to Bangladesh was investigated by using latex. The hepatic, left gastric and splenic arteries sent their major branches to the stomach. The cranial and caudal branches of the left gastric artery supplied the lesser curvature of the stomach. The right gastric, and right and left gastroepiploic arteries also sent their branches to both the lesser and greater curvatures. Six or seven short gastric arteries from the splenic artery supplied the greater curvature. Anastomoses between the left and right gastric, between the left and right gastroepiploic, and between short gastric arteries and left gastric arteries were observed.     

Distribution of the pulmonary artery and vein of the orangutan lung

The distribution of the pulmonary artery and vein of the orangutan lung was examined. The right pulmonary artery runs obliquely across the ventral side of the right bronchus at the caudally to the right upper lobe bronchiole. It then runs across the dorsal side of the right middle lobe bronchiole. Thereafter it runs obliquely across the dorsal side of the right bronchus, and then along the dorso-medial side of the right bronchus. This course is different from that in other mammals. During its course, it gives off branches which run mainly along the dorsal or lateral side of each bronchiole. The left pulmonary artery runs across the dorsal side of the left middle lobe bronchiole, then along the dorso-lateral side of the left bronchus, giving off branches which run along each bronchiole. The pulmonary veins run mainly the ventral or medial side of, along or between the bronchioles. In the left lung, the left middle lobe vein has two trunks; one enters the left atrium, and the other enters the left lower lobe pulmonary venous trunk. This is also different from that found in most mammals. Finally, the pulmonary veins enter the left atrium with four large veins.     

Distribution of the pulmonary artery and vein in the lung of the white handed gibbon

The lungs of four white handed gibbons (Hylobates agilis) were examined. The right pulmonary artery runs across the ventral side of the right upper lobe bronchiole, and then traverses the dorsal side of the right middle lobe bronchiole. Thereafter, it runs along the dorso-lateral side of the right bronchus, between the dorsal bronchiole system and the lateral bronchiole system, and gradually follows the dorsal side of the right bronchus. During its course, it gives off arterial branches which run along each bronchiole. The left pulmonary artery runs across the dorsal side of the left middle lobe bronchiole and then along the left bronchus as in the right lung. The branches of the pulmonary artery run mainly along the dorsal or lateral side of the bronchiole, while the pulmonary veins run mainly the medial side of the bronchioles or between them. However, in a few portions, the pulmonary veins run the lateral side of the bronchioles. Finally, they enter the left atrium with four large veins i.e. the common trunk of the right upper lobe vein and right middle lobe vein, right lower lobe pulmonary venous trunk, left middle lobe vein, and left lower lobe pulmonary venous trunk.     

Vascularization of the telencephalic choroid plexus of a ganoid fish [Acipenser ruthenus (L.)

The vascularization of the telencephalic choroid plexus of the sterlet Acipenser ruthenus, a ganoid fish, was examined by vascular corrosion casting and by light and transmission electron microscopy. The arterial supply is from the dorsal mesencephalic artery via: 1) the ventral choroidal arteries (left and right); 2) the dorsal choroidal arteries (left and right); 3) the caudal choroidal arteries (left and right); 4) the ventral arteries of the dorsal sac; and, from the olfactory arteries, via 5) the rostral choroidal arteries. The venous drainage is mainly through a single main choroidal vein that can take various courses either directly to the anterior cardinal vein or via the middle cerebral vein to the anterior cardinal vein. To a lesser extent, the plexus is drained via the lateral telencephalic veins and the ventral vein of the dorsal sac to the middle cerebral vein. By angioarchitecture and form, the plexus can be subdivided into five distinct parts: the surface network, the median folds, the large lateral folds, the small lateral folds, and the area common to the bottom of the dorsal sac and the telencephalic plexus. Diameters of terminal vessels as measured from vascular corrosion casts and from paraplast, semithin, and ultrathin sections were never less than 10 micron. It is suggested that the different areas in one plexus may have different functions with respect to secretion and absorption of cerebrospinal fluid.