过敏性眼表疾病的临床分析

目的探讨过敏性眼表疾病(AOD)患者的临床特征和规律,以进一步提高诊疗水平。方法对我院诊治的200例AOD患者的临床资料进行综合分析比较。结果 (1)AOD主要表现为过敏性结膜炎,分别是季节性和常年性,二者比例分别为41.0%和45.0%;(2)眼痒(92.0%)和结膜充血(93.0%)是AOD最常见的症状和体征;(3)常年性过敏性结膜炎诊断符合率为48.8%,显著低于其他AOD分型患者(P<0.01)。结论明确AOD的临床特征是提高诊治的前提。     

儿童过敏性结膜炎与变应性鼻炎的相关性及鼻眼联合防治效果分析

目的：探讨儿童过敏性结膜炎与变应性鼻炎的相关性研究及鼻眼联合防治的临床效果。方法：回顾性分析300 例儿童过敏性 结膜炎与310 例儿童变应性鼻炎患者的临床资料,对儿童过敏性结膜炎与变应性鼻炎的相关性进行分析后将所有患儿随机均分 为对照组与观察组,对照组采用常规点眼的方法进行治疗,观察组则采用鼻朗喷鼻联合人工泪液点眼进行治疗。比较两组临床疗 效及不良反应情况。结果：（1）300 例过敏性结膜炎患儿中,50 例（16.67%）并发变应性鼻炎;310 例变应性鼻炎患儿中,59 例 （19.03%）并发过敏性结膜炎（P＞0.05）;（2）109 例同时并发两种疾病患儿中,均进行眼结膜与鼻粘膜的刮片检查嗜酸性粒细胞, 其中60 例（55.05%）结膜刮片与67 例（61.47%）鼻粘膜刮片检测到嗜酸性粒细胞（P＞0.05）;（3）两组治疗前后BUT 及角膜荧光素 染色评分、症状评分、临床总有效率比较差异明显（P＜0.05）。结论：儿童过敏性结膜炎与变应性鼻炎具有一定的相关性;鼻朗喷鼻 联合人工泪液点眼治疗儿童合并变应性鼻炎的临床疗效显著。     

颈内动脉海绵窦瘘的临床表现及影像学诊断

目的:探讨颈内动脉海绵窦瘘(CCF)的临床症状及影像学表现,提高影像医师对CCF的诊断能力.方法:回顾性分析19例具有完整,临床资料的并经DSA证实的颈内动脉海绵窦瘘患者的CTA、MRI的表现.结果:CCF的临床表现主要为搏动性突眼、复视、视力障碍、眼球活动障碍,临床体征为颅内杂音、结膜水肿和充血等.CT及MRI平扫表现为眼球突出、海绵窦扩大、眼外肌增粗,眼球边缘模糊、眼睑肿胀.CTA及MRA可观察其瘘口所在位置、大小及侧枝循环建立的情况.DSA表现为造影剂从颈内动脉沿瘘口进入海绵窭,形成该处造影剂浓聚,静脉系统旱显而动脉系统充盈不佳造成"盗血现象".结论:根据颈内动脉海绵窦瘘的临床和影像学表现可确诊颈动脉海绵窦瘘,为患者的进一步治疗提供准确有效的依据.     

全身化疗对实体恶性肿瘤患者眼表的影响

目的:研究初次全身化疗对恶性实体肿瘤患者眼表状态的影响.方法:选取首次化疗的恶性实体肿瘤的患者60例,年龄在50-75岁之间,在化疗前及化疗结束后1周分别进行眼表评估.检查内容包括:干眼相关症状问卷调查,泪膜破裂时间、基础泪液分泌试验、角膜荧光素染色、泪液羊齿状结晶、结膜丽丝胺绿染色、结膜印迹细胞学检查.结果:1)问卷调查提示全身化疗后,患者眼部出现视力波动、干涩、眼部不适等症状是最常见的;2)患者全身化疗后,眼表出现泪膜破裂时间缩短,基础泪液分泌量减少,结膜杯状细胞减少,角膜荧光素染色与结膜丽丝胺绿染色评分增加,泪液羊齿状结晶评级下降(P＜0.05).结论:全身化疗可对恶性肿瘤患者的眼表产生影响,能导致干眼病的发生和发展,因此在化疗的同时要关注患者眼表的健康,及时予以干预,提高患者的生存质量.     

羊膜促眼表组织重建的作用及相关分子机制的研究进展

眼表疾病(ocular surface disease, OSD)泛指损伤角结膜眼表正常结构与功能的一大类疾病。由外因和内因导致的角结膜创伤时有发生,严重影响患者的生活质量,甚至危及生命安全。羊膜作为性能优异的生物材料,被认为是眼表重建和创伤修复的重要基材。该文将从羊膜的特性、制备方法及其在角结膜修复中的分子机制等方面作一综述,以期为眼科疾病患者寻找合适的治疗方法提供有价值的信息。     

椎动脉夹层致脑梗死4例病例报道并文献复习*

目的:分析椎动脉夹层(VAD)的临床特点,探讨其与脑梗死的关系。方法:回顾性分析4例VAD致脑梗死患者的临床资料,并结合文献复习。结果:本组4例VAD患者中,2例患者有高血压病史,1例有高血压病相关家族史,1例无相关病史或家族史;3例患者有10年以上的吸烟史;4例患者均表现为头晕、恶心呕吐、行走不稳等后循环缺血症状,其中2例有显著的头枕部痛;4例患者均经DSA确诊为VAD。3例患者行抗血小板药物治疗,1例行血管内介入治疗。3例患者康复出院;1例治疗后仍有显著的头枕部痛症状,拒绝进一步治疗予出院。结论:脑梗死患者有高血压病及长期吸烟史,表现为头晕、头枕痛等后循环缺血症状,应考虑VAD的可能。DSA是目前诊断VAD的金标准,及时规范的治疗可改善VAD患者的预后。     

贝复舒滴眼液治疗眼表面创伤72例临床观察

目的观察贝复舒滴眼液对眼表面创伤性疾病的临床疗效。方法回顾性总结各种眼表面创伤性疾病共72例84眼采用贝复舒滴眼液治疗的临床疗效。结果本组72例84眼,痊愈66眼（78．57％）,有效11眼（13．09％）,无效7眼（8．34％）,总有效率为91．66％。结论贝复舒滴眼液用于治疗各种眼表面创伤性疾病具有较好的临床效果,可在临床中推广应用。     

以肠道外症状为首发表现的结肠癌47例临床分析

目的:分析以肠道外症状为首发表现的结肠癌临床特征,旨在提高结肠癌诊治水平.方法:收集我院1994年1月至2008年1月间以肠道外症状为首发表现的结肠癌47例,对其临床特点进行回顾性分析.结果:47例以肠道外症状为首发表现的结肠癌中位发病年龄为65岁;贫血症状多见,占78.7％(37/47),长期低热3例,肝转移瘤4例,肺转移瘤2例,皮肌炎1例;肿瘤多发生于右半结肠,占74.5％(35/47);病理类型:乳头状腺癌为主,占61.7％(29/47);Dukes分期:B期占44.7％(21/47),C期占42.6％(20/47);结肠镜是重要诊断方法,结肠镜与钡灌肠有互补优势;手术是主要治疗手段,综合治疗可延长患者生存期.结论:以肠道外症状为首发表现的结肠癌以贫血多见,病变多位于右半结肠,结肠镜是主要确诊方法,以手术为主的综合治疗可改善患者预后.     

伴有和不伴有过敏性鼻炎慢性鼻-鼻窦炎临床资料分析

目的:探讨伴有和不伴有过敏性鼻炎慢性鼻-鼻窦炎的临床资料的区别,发现过敏性鼻炎对慢性鼻-鼻窦炎的影响,从而提高慢性鼻-鼻窦炎的治疗效果。方法:选取我院2012年2月至2014年10月138位慢性鼻-鼻窦炎患者,分为伴有过敏性鼻炎组和不伴有过敏性鼻炎组,记录患者一般临床资料,采用Visual analog scale(VAS,视觉类比评分)记录患者主观症状评分;Lanza-Kennedy法记录鼻内镜评分,Lund-Mackay法记录CT评分;抽外周血查血常规;最后比较两组之间指标的差异。结果:138例慢性鼻-鼻窦炎患者中,有36(26.2%)名患者合并过敏性鼻炎;伴有过敏性鼻炎的慢性鼻-鼻窦炎患者组中有52.78%的患者有变应性体质,22.2%的患者有哮喘病史;而不伴有过敏性鼻炎的慢性鼻-鼻窦炎组有21.57%的患者有变应性体质,3.9%的患者有哮喘病史,差异具有统计学意义(P值均≤0.001);伴有过敏性鼻炎慢性鼻-鼻窦炎组总VAS评分、鼻塞和流鼻涕症状评分明显高于不伴有过敏性鼻炎慢性鼻-鼻窦炎组,两组评分差异具有统计学意义(P值均0.05);在血常规检查中发现,外周血白细胞、中性粒细胞、嗜酸粒细胞和单核细胞在伴有过敏性鼻炎的慢性鼻-鼻窦炎组中显著增加,其检测结果与不伴过敏性鼻炎组的差异具有统计学意义(P值均≤0.001)。结论:过敏性鼻炎的慢性鼻-鼻窦炎患者相对于不伴有过敏性鼻炎的慢性鼻-鼻窦炎患者有更多的变应性体质和哮喘病史;鼻塞和流鼻涕的的症状更重;对于这部分病人应该给予更充分的认识和抗过敏的针对性药物以及手术治疗,使患者的生活质量得到更好的改善。血常规可帮助诊断。     

68例阿尔茨海默病的临床分析

目的:对阿尔茨海默病的临床症状及治疗方法进行分心,为临床诊治提供参考。方法:以我院附属医院2009年3月-2013年3月间治疗的68例阿尔茨海默病患者为研究对象,对其临床资料进行回顾性分析,总结其临床症状、治疗方法及临床疗效。结果:在68例研究对象中痊愈8例,54例治疗仍遗留精神症状,6例研究对象导致全身衰竭,治疗无效而死亡。结论:阿尔茨海默病具有临床症状不典型,诱因不明显,对患者智力影响大,临床疗效不佳等特点,因此需临床医师对疑似病例进行全面检查,以尽早诊断,对症治疗,从而确保临床疗效。     

六种藓类植物茎的比较解剖学研究

通过对6种藓类植物,即褶叶青藓(Brachythecium salebrosum(Web.et Mohr.)B.S.G.)、湿地匐灯藓(Plagiomnium acutum(Lindb.)Kop.)、侧枝匐灯藓(Plagiomnium maximoviczii(Lindb.)Kop.)、大凤尾藓(Fissidensnobilis Griff.)、大羽藓(Thuidium cymbifolium(Doz.et Molk.)B.S.G.)和大灰藓(Hypnum plumaeforme Wils.)嫩茎和老茎的石蜡切片和显微观察发现,同一藓类植株的嫩茎和老茎,茎结构稳定,不同种藓类植物茎横切面具有不同特征.植物体茎横切面形状、表层细胞的层数、细胞大小和细胞壁厚薄、皮层细胞大小和形状、中轴的有无以及比例等特征可以作为藓类植物的分科分类依据之一.     

Photoregulation of seed germination of wild-type and of an aurea-mutant of tomato

Seed germination of an aurea mutant of tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is promoted by continuous irradiation with red, far-red or long-wavelength far-red (758 nm) light as well as by cyclic irradiations (5 min red or 5 min far-red/25 min darkness). Far-red light applied immediately after each red does not change the germination behaviour. Seed germination of the isogenic wild-type, cv. UC-105, is promoted by continuous and cyclic red light while it is inhibited by continuous and cyclic far-red light and by continious 758 nm irradiation. Far-red irradiation reverses almost completely the promoting effect of red light. The promoting effect (in the aurea mutant) and the inhibitory effect (in the wild-type) of continuous far-red light do not show photon fluence rate dependency above 20 nmol m⁻² s⁻¹. It is concluded that phytochrome controls tomato seed germination throgh low energy responses in both the wild type and the au mutant. The promoting effect of continuous and cyclic far-red light in the au mutant can be attributed to a greater sensitivity to P_fr.     

Cause of Senescence of Nine Sorts of Flowers

The levels of endogenous phytohormones and respiratory rate in nine sorts of flowers such as Cymbidium faberi Rolfe, Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth and others were investigated both at full bloom and senescence and meanwhile the effect of exogenous phytohormones on prolonging the blossoms and promoting ethylene production were tested. There is a high content of endogenous ethylene in all the long-lived flowere, about 3–16 folds higer than the short-lived ones. There is a high level of ABA at full blooming flowers of short-lived flowers, in which there is no or only some cytokinins in it, but the ratio of CTK (6BA+zeatin)/ABA is smaller(l.7). The endogenous ABA reached a much higher level at senescence in all nine sorts of flowers, so it is reasonable to consider that it is ABA which plays an important role of regulation in controlling flower's senescence. There is a much higher level of GA3 and zeatin in the long-lived flowers which is not demonstrated in the shortlived ones. The respiratory rate is one of the factors controtling the longevity of flowers, but it does not play a decided role. Application of 6BA and zeatin prolongs distinctly orchid’s longevity, however exogenous IAA through the promotive action on ethylene production, evidently extends the longevity of the flowers of the Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth.     

龙胆科药用植物化学成分的研究现状

龙胆科植物在我国的分布范围很广,且多数为药用植物,其多数种属的药用植物,至今其化学成分尚未被系统研究。综述了目前龙胆科药用植物的化学成分的研究现状及一般提取方法,对近年来发现的环烯醚萜及裂环烯醚萜类化合物进行了总结,为本科药用植物的更深入研究提供了参考。     

Interconnection of parameters of regulation system of lipid peroxidation and of morphophysiological parameters of mouse liver

A complex analysis of seasonal fluctuations of the mean group parameters of the system of regulation of lipid peroxidation has been performed in liver of Balb/c mice. Association of lipid characteristics and morphophysiological parameters is studied in the Balb/c mouse liver. An inter-connection is revealed between the liver index and the amount of lysoforms of phospholipids, the scale and character of the interconnection differing essentially depending on proportion of phos-phatidylcholine in mouse liver phospholipids.     

真菌类遗传学分析的知识结构教学

本文以认知结构理论为指导,讨论了真菌类遗传分析与高等动植物遗传分析的内在联系,认为利用这种内在联系进行教学可收到好的效果并说明了作者的具体教学过程。 Abstract:In the paper, the relationship between genetic analysis of Fungi and genetic analysis of high animal and plant was discussed.A good results were obtained when we adopted this method in the teaching.     

Physiological characteristics of various species of strains of carboxydobacteria

Seven strains of aerobic carbon monoxide-oxidizing bacteria (carboxydebacteria) when growing on CO as sole source of carbon and energy had doubling times which ranged from 12–42 h. The activity profiles obtained after discontinuous sucrose density gradient centrifugation indicated that the CO-oxidizing enzymes are soluble and the hydrogenases are membrane-bound in all strains examined. The CO-oxidizing enzymes of Pseudomonas carboxydohydrogena, Pseudomonas carboxydoflava, Comamonas compransoris, and the so far unidentified strains OM2, OM3, and OM4 had a molecular weight of 230,000; that of Achromobacter carboxydus amounted to 170,000. The molecular weights of the CO-oxidizing and H₂-oxidizing enzymes turned out to be identical. The cell sonicates were shown to catalyze the oxidation of both CO and H₂ with methylene blue, thionine, phenazine methosulfate, toluylene blue, dichlorophenolindophenol, cytochrome c or ferricyanide as electron acceptors. Methyl viologen, benzyl viologen, FAD⁺, FMN⁺, and NAD(P)⁺ were not reduced. The spectrum of electron acceptors was identical for all strains tested. Neither free formate, hydrogen nor oxygen gas were involved in the CO-oxidation reaction. Methylene blue was reduced by CO at a 1:1 molar ratio. The results indicate that CO-oxidation by carboxydobacteria is catalyzed by identical or similar enzymes and that the reaction obeys the equation CO+H₂OCO₂+2H⁺+2e^- as previously shown for Pseudomonas carboxydovorans.Dedicated to Otto Kandler remembering almost three decades of enjoyable cooperation     

The effects of glutamine of the maintenance of embryogenic cultures of Cryptomeria japonica

Summary Embryogenic tissues of sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) were induced on a modified Campbell and Durzan (CD) medium containing 1 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 600 mg l⁻¹ glutamine, and subcultured in the medium of the same composition for over 1 yr. This resulted in a mixed culture of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells. When embryogenic cells were isolated and cultured independently, their capacity to form embryogenic aggregates was lost. Thus, the non-embryogenic cells present within a mixed culture system were essential to the formation of embryogenic aggregates. When embryogenic tissues were isolated and cultured independently on a high glutamine-containing (2400 mg l⁻¹) medium, dry weights and endogenous levels of glutamine increased, and the tissue could generate a large number of embryogenic aggregates. Amino acid analysis of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells from the maintenance culture indicated a higher level of glutamine was present in the latter. The high endogenous level of glutamine in the non-embryogenic portion of mixed cell masses may be the supplier of glutamine for maintaining the embryogenic property of the tissues.