低温乙醇法与硫酸铵盐析法制备抗人T细胞猪免疫球蛋白的质量对比研究

目的采用低温乙醇法试制抗人T细胞猪免疫球蛋白(anti-human T lymphocyte porcine immunoglobulin, P-ATG),并对最终制品与原硫酸铵盐析法工艺制品进行质量对比研究,评价其质量特性。方法采用《中华人民共和国药典》(简称《中国药典》)2015版(三部)中关于P-ATG的制品质量标准及扩展质量研究对商业化规模3批原硫酸铵盐析法及3批低温乙醇法P-ATG制品进行质量对比研究。结果 3批低温乙醇法制品与硫酸铵盐析法制品均达到《中国药典》2015版(三部)中制品质量标准;扩展研究中,2种工艺制品的远紫外CD均值为93.43%,近紫外CD均值为97.68%,远紫外/近紫外CD相似度CV值均0.5%;热稳定性结果显示,2种工艺制品的T_m值除T_m_2外(P=0.031),差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。表明低温乙醇法工艺稳定性良好,批间差异较小,与硫酸铵盐析法具有良好的可比性。结论采用低温乙醇法可获得品质良好的P-ATG制品,可作为P-ATG的生产工艺。     

川牛膝不同产地药材质量综合评价研究

为了建立更全面的川牛膝药材质量评价方法,按照2015版《中华人民共和国药典》方法测定水分、总灰分、水冷浸物和乙醇冷浸物;新建HPLC法测定川牛膝中杯苋甾酮、前杯苋甾酮和齐墩果酸3种成分的含量,并通过SPSS 20.0软件进行聚类分析和主成分分析。本研究较全面地评价了全国54个产地川牛膝药材的质量,54批川牛膝样品的水分、总灰分、浸出物、含量均符合药典标准,为川牛膝药材的进一步开发提供了依据。     

庆大霉素高产优质菌株的选育给企业带来新效益

中国科学院上海植物生理研究所科研人员采用原生质体融合新技术,成功地选育出庆大霉素高产优质菌株。该菌株经受上海第四制药厂连续三个50M~3大罐试生产的考验,平均发酵效价比同期生产菌株提高16.6％,成品质量符合85版中国药典、21版美国药典、80版英国药典和上药四厂87.4外销标准。本成果于1989年11月24日在沪通过专家鉴定。在抗生素行业中,用微生物原生质体融合新技术改良菌种并在大生产中获得较高经济效益,国内还属首创。庆大霉素作为抗生素药物,在临床上广泛应用,不但国内需要,而且在国际市场上也十     

不同产地槐米的质量综合评价研究

为了进一步完善槐米的质量评价方法,并对不同产地槐米进行质量评价,本研究按照2015版《中华人民共和国药典》方法测定水分、总灰分、酸不溶性灰分、浸出物和总黄酮;采用HPLC法测定槐米中芦丁、水仙苷、槲皮素、异鼠李素4种成分的含量,并通过SPSS 20. 0软件进行聚类分析和主成分分析。54批槐米样品的水分、总灰分和酸不溶性灰分均符合药典标准;南方产槐米的浸出物及黄酮类成分含量均普遍高于北方产槐米。聚类分析和主成分分析将54批槐米聚为3类,分类结果与地域有较大关系。本研究较全面地评价了全国54个产地槐米的质量,为槐米的产品开发提供了实验依据。     

吉林省的药用动物

药用动物在我国有着悠久的历史。做药用的动物种类繁多,早在《神农本草经》中就载有动物药65种。李时珍在他的《本草纲目》中则增至461种。中华人民共和国药典1963年版记载常用中药材446种,其中动物药50种,占十分之一强。至于目前医药界及民间实际应用的动物药,则远远超过药典记载的数目。 迄今药用动物很少有进行调查研究,为了更好     

《中国药典》2015 年版的主要变化和特点

《中国药典》2015 版已出版并于 2015 年 12 月 1 日实施,从品种收载、增修订的整体情况及主要的特点和变化等方面作介绍,并 举例说明,以便更好地理解和执行《中国药典》2015 版。     

基于大数据与模式识别技术对中药材品质的快速评价研究CSCD

基于大数据背景下,通过多项指标的快速检测与整合分析,建立北柴胡药材品质综合评价模型与等级划分的评价方法。收集本中心2015年~2020年抽检样品中采用《中华人民共和国药典》(以下简称《中国药典》)2015年版检测的130批北柴胡药材各项检测数据;通过近红外光谱(NIRS)技术采集各批药材对应的光谱图,采用模式识别技术建立北柴胡快速溯源分析模型,同时构建各检测指标与光谱之间的拟合模型,开展多批次北柴胡药材的系统检测;采用数学建模方法构建北柴胡药材品质综合评价指数(F q)计算方法,建立其品质综合评价与等级划分数据库。建立了北柴胡药材溯源分析快速定性鉴别模型;建立了北柴胡药材水分、灰分、酸不溶性灰分、浸出物、柴胡皂苷a和d总量及茎秆(地上部分)占比6项指标的近红外预测模型,应用模型完成了对20批次北柴胡药材的快速检测;建立了北柴胡品质快速评价与等级划分数据库。该方法基于大数据背景下利用现行《中国药典》监管体系产生的原始数据实现了对北柴胡药材品质的快速综合评价和等级划分,为中药材科学监管研究提供了新的解决方法。     

《中国药典》重组人干扰素注射剂质量标准浅析

本文剖析了现行版《中国药典》收载的重组人干扰素注射剂质量标准相关方法、检测限度和历史沿革;对比研究了与国外先进药典如欧洲药典的差距,包括相关物质、相关杂质分析、生物学活性测定结果的统计分析、比活性等方面;介绍了2015年版《中国药典》拟增修订主要内容,如增订报告基因法检测干扰素生物学活性、增订定量PCR法检测外源DNA残留量,加强"理化对照品"的管理,相关检定机构对国内生产企业的理化对照品进行了标定。本文还探讨了提高该类制品质量标准的主要方向。     

重组人干扰素注射剂制造浅析

干扰素注射剂是历版《中国药典》收载的最主要的一类重组技术制品。对于生物制品而言,生产过程与制品,制品的规范生产与其安全性、有效性密切相关。剖析了重组人干扰素注射剂规程中对制品制造的要求,包括基本要求以及菌种库建立、原液制备、半成品制备、成品制备等环节;历版药典对制造要求的演变过程,并与《欧洲药典》、《美国药典》进行了对比。介绍了2015年版《中国药典》拟增订的"重组技术制品总论",该总论对于已上市品种的规范生产、新品种研发都具有指导意义。"重组技术制品总论"是对该类制品生产检定提出的一般原则性要求,相关各论的起草均应以此为基础,并与之相互呼应协调。     

优质陈皮在新会

<正>陈皮是芸香科柑橘属柑橘Citrus reticulata Blanco及其栽培变种的干燥成熟果皮。新会陈皮即广陈皮,是广东新会所产的茶枝柑Citrus reticulata cv.Chachiensis的干燥果皮,《中华人民共和国药典》2015版(一部)收载,是十大南药之一,历史悠久,药用价值高。我国种植柑橘的县(市、区)有985个,陈皮是指产于四川、重庆、福建、江西、湖北、湖南等地的柑橘皮。而广陈皮是指产于广东新会、四会等     

甘草根中甘草酸的免疫组织化学定位研究

应用免疫组织化学定位和HPLC分析方法,对人工种植乌拉尔甘草根中的甘草酸分布和积累变化规律进行分析,以阐明药用甘草根在发育过程中甘草酸的积累变化规律,探讨甘草药材质量形成的内在机制。结果表明:(1)甘草酸主要分布在根的次生韧皮部薄壁细胞和维管射线细胞中,且主要积累在这些细胞的细胞壁上。(2)HPLC分析显示,主根的韧皮部中甘草酸含量最高,其次是木质部,根皮中含量最少。(3)甘草酸在主根中的含量随着生长年限的增加而提高,2、3年生甘草根中甘草酸含量上升较快,3年后甘草酸的含量达到3.66%,超过了国家药典规定的甘草酸含量标准。     

白芷有效成分提取工艺的优化及其中药材质量研究

目的：优化白芷中药材有效成分的提取工艺;全面系统地考察与研究市场上白芷中药材的质量。方法：以白芷中欧前胡素和异欧前胡素的含量为指标,采用高效液相色谱法测定,利用正交试验,对渗漉法提取白芷有效成分的工艺条件进行优选;按照《中国药典》2005年版一部白芷项下[含量测定]方法检验了62批次市场上销售的白芷药材中香豆素类物质的含量。结果：乙醇渗漉提取法：药材浸泡24h,加80%乙醇8倍量渗漉,欧前胡素和异欧前胡素的平均提取率为78%;市场上销售的白芷药材中香豆素类物质的含量符合药典的要求。结论：应用渗漉法工艺提取白芷中药材有效成分效率高,稳定性好,适合工业化生产;目前市场上流通的白芷中药材的质量可靠。     

Cloning and expression in Enterobacteriaceae of the extended-spectrum β-lactamase gene from a Pseudomonas aeruginosa plasmid

Abstract An extended-spectrum β-lactamase, the gene for which is located on plasmid pMS350 in Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains, hydrolyzes carbapenems and other extended-spectrum β-lactam antibiotics. We cloned the pMS350 β-lactamase gene in an Escherichia coli K-12 strain using the vector plasmid pHSG398, and subcloned it into pMS360, a plasmid with a wide host-range. This resulted in the formation of the recombinant plasmid, pMS363, containing a 4.1-kb DNA insert that includes the extended-spectrum β-lactamase gene. Plasmid pMS363 was introduced into the P. aeruginosa PAO strain or into six species of Enterobacteriaceae, and the specific activities of the β-lactamase and MICs of various β-lactam antibiotics were estimated. The cloned gene was capable of expression in these strains and caused resistance to carbapenem, penem and other β-lactam antibiotics, with the exception of aztreonam.     

Correlation between the different therapeutic properties of Chinese medicinal herbs and delayed luminescence

In the practice and principle of Chinese medicine, herbal materials are classified according to their therapeutic properties. ‘Cold’ and ‘heat’ are the most important classes of Chinese medicinal herbs according to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). In this work, delayed luminescence (DL) was measured for different samples of Chinese medicinal herbs using a sensitive photon multiplier detection system. A comparison of DL parameters, including mean intensity and statistic entropy, was undertaken to discriminate between the ‘cold’ and ‘heat’ properties of Chinese medicinal herbs. The results suggest that there are significant differences in mean intensity and statistic entropy and using this method combined with statistical analysis may provide novel parameters for the characterization of Chinese medicinal herbs in relation to their energetic properties. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Identification of C-banded chromosomes in meiosis of common wheat,Triticum aestivum L.

Summary The C-banding pattern of nine meiotic chromosomes of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) as described. In F₁s of crosses between monosomics of Chinese Spring and two Spanish wheat cultivars, univalent chromosomes were used to aid the recognition and analysis of the C-banding pattern for the individual chromosomes. The identification of one chromosome involved in one translocation in Chinese Spring x Pané 247 has been made through heterochromatin bands observed in the chromosomes involved in multivalents.     

基于Penman-Monteith模型的两个蒸散模型在夏玉米农田的参数修正及性能评价

利用涡度相关系统和小气象系统对2013—2015年夏玉米生长季的蒸散量和气象数据进行实时观测,基于观测数据对以Penman-Monteith模型为基础的FAO-PM模型和KP-PM模型进行分析:首先利用2013和2014年数据对两个模型中的关键参数进行校正,其次利用两个模型对2015年夏玉米农田的日蒸散量进行计算,并与测量值对比,说明两个模型在夏玉米农田的适用性;最后采用分阶段法对KP-PM模型中的经验系数进行修正.结果表明: FAO-PM模型对2015年夏玉米农田日蒸散量的计算值更加接近测量值;利用分阶段法对KP-PM模型进行修正后,模型对日蒸散量的计算效果有了很大提高,且计算值比FAO-PM模型更接近测量值.模型中关键系数与气象条件之间有很大关系,因此利用模型进行蒸散预测时,必须先对模型进行参数校正.该研究可为其他研究人员利用模型估算蒸散量提供方法上的参考.     

Overexpression of long non-coding RNA RP11-363E7.4 inhibits proliferation and invasion in gastric cancer

LncRNA RP11-363E7.4 has been shown to be downregulated in gastric cancer (GC), while the effect of lncRNA RP11-363E7.4 on GC and its potential molecular mechanisms is unclear. The purpose of this study was to explore the functional role and underlying molecular mechanisms of lncRNA RP11-363E7.4 involved in GC progress.To address the question, quantitative real-time PCR assay was performed to confirm lncRNA RP11-363E7.4 expression levels in GC tissues and cell lines. Cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion were estimated using Cell Counting Kit-8, colony formation, scratch wound healing and Transwell assays. Potential molecular mechanisms were evaluated using western blot assay. The results showed that lncRNA RP11-363E7.4 was significantly downregulated in GC cell lines and 82 paired tissues. The correlation between expression and clinicopathological features indicated that low expression of lncRNA RP11-363E7.4 was associated with T stage (P = .010). Functional experiments showed that overexpression of lncRNA RP11-363E7.4 prevented proliferation, migration, and invasion and induced apoptosis of GC cells. Western blot assay revealed that lncRNA RP11-363E7.4 functioned via the p53, Bax/Bcl-2, β-catenin pathway. In summary, this study revealed that lncRNA RP11-363E7.4 functioned as a tumour suppressor by inhibiting proliferation, migration, and invasion and inducing apoptosis of GC cells. Significance of the study :LncRNA RP11-363E7.4 has been shown to be downregulated in GC, while the effect of lncRNA RP11-363E7.4 on GC and its potential molecular mechanism is unclear. We revealed that lncRNA RP11-363E7.4 functioned as a tumour suppressor by inhibiting proliferation, migration, and invasion and inducing apoptosis of GC cells. LncRNA RP11-363E7.4 might become an attractive diagnostic and prognostic biomarker of GC and a promising target for GC treatment.     

山药新药源的调查和质量研究

市场上作商品淮山药流通而药典未收载的山药（原植物为山薯（Dioscorea fordii prain et Burk.),褐苞薯蓣（D.persimillis Prain et Burk.),参薯（D.alata L.)),药用历史悠久,药源丰富,已形成了较大的产区,在质量方面,与药典收载的怀山药（原植物为薯蓣（D.opposita Thunb.))比较,其有效成分和主要成分如多糖,尿囊素和氨基酸等含量都极为相似,但在多糖的单糖组成上,占优势的单糖种类不同,在药理试验中,四种山药（包括怀山药）效果都基本相同,具有增强机体能力,助消化和增强免疫功能的效果,因此,我们认为,原植物为山薯,参薯及褐苞薯蓣的淮山药作为新药源开发是可行的。     

Interrelationship between various aging methods,and their relevance to palaeodemography

Age estimations for 64 adult individuals from the Byzantine city of Rehovot-in-the-Negev were carried out using seven different aging methods. Correlation coefficients were calculated between five of the methods, which employed the following anatomical structures: teeth attrition rate, cranial sutures (closure stages), sternal end of ribs, symphysis pubis, and sacroiliac joints. Age estimations were checked against ‘summary age’ (Lovejoy et al., 1985a). Life tables were reconstructed based on summary ages and revised ages separately. It was found that ages obtained from the innominate bones correlated best with the summary age and showed less bias and inaccuracy, while ages obtained from the cranial sutures, showed the opposite. Reconstructing the ‘revised-age’ has no advantage over other aging methods when calculating demographic parameters.