多环芳烃荧蒽诱导拟南芥氧化胁迫

选用模式植物拟南芥为材料,以四环的多环芳烃（PAHs）荧蒽为研究对象,从植物对非生物胁迫响应紧密相关的抗氧化酶及膜保护系统的变化入手,研究了植物对多环芳烃胁迫的生理响应.结果表明：荧蒽胁迫下拟南芥经历了氧化胁迫和膜脂过氧化过程.0.75 mmol·L^-1的荧蒽使拟南芥光合作用过程受到抑制;1.00 mmol·L^-1的荧蒽使拟南芥丙二醛(MDA)含量极显著增加, 抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)活性极显著下降, 膜脂过氧化作用加剧,1.25 mmol·L^-1的荧蒽使拟南芥过氧化物酶(POD)活性极显著下降,H₂O₂在细胞内累积,拟南芥明显受害.     

二氧化氮对樟树幼苗生长及光合作用的影响

采用开顶式人工熏气装置,对1年生樟树幼苗进行了为期2个月不同体积分数NO₂(0.1、0.5和4.0 μl·L^-1)熏气试验,研究其对幼苗生长及光合作用的影响.结果表明:0.5和0.1 μl·L^-1 NO₂处理促进了樟树幼苗生长,而4.0 μl·L^-1 NO₂处理则抑制其生长.各处理樟树幼苗叶片净光合速率(P_n)日变化呈不对称的双峰型曲线,存在光合“午休”现象;在光合日进程中,0.5 μl·L^-1 NO₂处理使叶片P_n提高,最大值达8.542 μmol CO₂·m^-2s^-1,4.0 μl·L^-1NO₂处理的大多数时段使P_n降低,而0.1 μl·L^-1 NO₂处理对P_n的影响则依时段而不同;0.5和4.0 μl·L^-1 NO₂处理提高了叶片气孔导度(G_s)和胞间CO₂浓度(C_i)的最大值和最小值,0.1 μl·L^-1 NO₂处理提高了C_i的最大值和最小值,降低了G_s的最大值和最小值.熏气处理中、后期,0.5μl·L^-1 NO₂处理叶片的日均净光合速率显著高于其他处理.在熏气处理前期,0.5和4.0 μl·L^-1 NO₂处理使叶片最大PSⅡ的光能转换效率(F_v/F_m)显著下降;在熏气处理后期,4.0 μl·L^-1 NO₂处理的叶片F_v/F_m仍显著低于对照.     

硝酸根胁迫对黄瓜幼苗叶片光合速率、PSⅡ光化学效率及光能分配的影响

研究了不同浓度NO₃^-胁迫对黄瓜幼苗叶片光合速率、PSⅡ光化学效率及光能分配的影响.结果表明,当NO₃^-浓度较低时（14～98 mmol·L^-1）,适当增加NO₃^-浓度,可增强黄瓜幼苗叶片对光的捕获能力,促进光合作用.随着NO₃^-浓度的进一步增加（140～182 mmol·L^-1）,PSⅡ光化学效率降低,电子传递受到抑制,净光合速率降低;吸收的光能中,通过天线色素的热耗散增加,用于光化学反应的能量降低,光化学效率下降.140和182 mmol·L^-1 NO₃^-处理黄瓜幼苗叶片6 d后净光合速率(P_n)极显著下降,分别比对照降低了35%和78%;PSⅡ最大光化学效率(F_v/F_m)、天线转化效率(F_v’/F_m’)、实际光化学效率(Φ_PSⅡ)、光化学猝灭系数(q_P)均低于对照,非光化学猝灭(NPQ)高于对照,激发能在两个光系统间的分配不平衡性(β/α-1)增大.高浓度NO₃^-处理的黄瓜幼苗叶片各荧光参数变化幅度比低浓度大.当光照增强时,高浓度NO₃^-胁迫下黄瓜幼苗叶片吸收的光能中应用于光化学反应的份额(P) 显著降低,天线热耗散的份额(D)显著增加. 天线热耗散是耗散过剩能量的主要途径.     

Pb、Ni胁迫对大羽藓抗氧化酶系统的影响

研究了Pb、Ni单一及复合胁迫下大羽藓细胞活性氧自由基的累积与清除、光合系统和膜系统的受损情况及其抗氧化酶系统的变化.结果表明：在较低胁迫浓度(Pb<0.1 mmol·L^-1,Ni<0.01 mmol·L^-1)下,大羽藓叶绿素含量具有应激效应,在较高胁迫浓度(Pb>0.1 mmol·L^-1,Ni>0.01 mmol·L^-1)下则具有抑制效应;随Pb-Ni复合胁迫浓度的增加,苔藓活性氧自由基和丙二醛的累积量逐渐增大;大羽藓超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶活性降低,过氧化物酶活性增加,过氧化物酶在清除Pb、Ni胁迫产生的活性氧自由基的过程中起着重要作用.大羽藓丙二醛含量和过氧化氢酶活性对Pb、Ni胁迫具有浓度依赖性,可以将其作为监测该类重金属污染的生物标志物.     

盐胁迫对杂交酸模叶片光合活性的抑制作用

以杂交酸模(Rumex K-1)为试材,研究了不同浓度(100～300 mmol·L^-1) KCl和NaCl胁迫对杂交酸模幼苗叶片光合活性及渗透调节的影响.结果表明：200 mmol·L^-1浓度的NaCl对杂交酸模幼苗叶片光合活性的抑制作用大于KCl;当浓度增大到300 mmol·L^-1时,KCl对杂交酸模叶片光合活性的抑制作用显著大于NaCl.300 mmol·L^-1 KCl和NaCl处理植株的叶片水势分别为-0.93 MPa和-1.05 MPa,渗透势分别为-1.43 MPa和-1.10 MPa,说明KCl对杂交酸模植株过多的伤害不是渗透胁迫造成的;经过300 mmol·L^-1KCl胁迫后,杂交酸模叶片中Na⁺含量急剧降到对照植株的11.4％,而补充25 mmol·L^-1 NaCl可以明显缓解KCl对杂交酸模光合活性的伤害,说明Na⁺的亏缺和高浓度K⁺的积聚可能是导致高浓度KCl对杂交酸模光合活性的伤害比NaCl更严重的主要原因.     

NaCl胁迫对沙棘和银水牛果幼苗生长及光合特性的影响

以沙棘和银水牛果2年生幼苗为试材,设NaCl浓度分别为0、200、400和600 mmol·L^-1,研究NaCl 胁迫对其生长及光合特性的影响.结果表明: 随着NaCl浓度的增加,沙棘和银水牛果幼苗的生物量、单株总叶面积均显著下降,且NaCl浓度越高, 下降幅度越大.不同NaCl浓度处理下,沙棘和银水牛果幼苗根冠比较对照显著增加,比叶质量(LMA)略有降低.随着NaCl浓度的增加和胁迫时间的延长,沙棘和银水牛果叶片净光合速率(P_n)、蒸腾速率(T_r)和气孔导度(G_s)均明显下降, 胞间CO₂浓度(C_i)先降后升,气孔限制值(L_s)和水分利用效率(WUE)则先升后降.P_n下降的原因短期内以气孔限制为主,长期则以非气孔限制因素为主,且树种耐盐性越弱,NaCl浓度越高,由气孔限制转为非气孔限制的时间越早.试验中,沙棘幼苗在600 mmol·L^-1NaCl处理10 d时即出现盐害症状,22 d时全部死亡,而银水牛果可以忍耐600 mmol·L^-1NaCl长达30 d以上,说明银水牛果作为引进树种,其耐盐性较沙棘更强,可能更适合在我国盐碱地大面积推广种植.     

水杨酸对高温强光胁迫下小麦叶绿体D1蛋白磷酸化及光系统Ⅱ功能的影响

为了研究水杨酸（SA）对高温强光胁迫下小麦叶片类囊体膜D₁蛋白磷酸化和PSⅡ功能的影响,用0.5 mmol·L^-1 SA溶液预处理灌浆期小麦叶片,以水预处理为对照,然后将预处理植株进行高温强光（35 ℃,1 600 μmol·m^-2·s^-1）处理,测定胁迫处理过程中小麦旗叶光合电子传递速率、净光合速率、叶绿素荧光参数及D₁蛋白的变化.结果表明：SA预处理有效抑制了高温强光下D₁蛋白的净降解,保持了较高的D₁蛋白磷酸化水平、全链电子传递速率和PSⅡ电子传递速率,维持了较高的PSⅡ原初光化学效率（F_v/F_m）、实际光化学效率(Ф_PSⅡ)、光化学淬灭系数（q_P）和净光合速率（P_n）.表明外源SA通过调节小麦叶绿体D₁蛋白的周转,减轻了高温强光胁迫对叶片光合机构的损伤,有利于PSⅡ的正常运转.     

大气臭氧浓度升高对水稻叶片膜脂过氧化及保护酶活性的影响

采用开顶式气室（open top chambers,OTCs）装置,以水稻品种“3694繁”(Oryza sativa L.)为材料,研究3种处理：过滤大气（CF,O₃浓度约为20 nl·L^-1）、环境大气（NF,O₃浓度约为40 nl·L^-1）和高浓度O₃（EO,O₃浓度约为75 nl·L^-1）下叶片可溶性蛋白质含量、膜脂过氧化程度与主要保护酶活性的变化.结果表明：过滤大气与环境大气处理之间各个指标无显著差异.与CF处理相比,高浓度O₃处理条件下水稻叶片中可溶性蛋白含量显著下降,而过氧化氢（H₂O₂）和抗坏血酸（ASA）含量显著增加;超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、过氧化物酶（POD）活性升高,最大升高幅度分别为93.7%、39.9%和312.4%;抗坏血酸过氧化物酶（APX）活性呈先升高后下降趋势; 不同O₃处理条件下叶片中丙二醛（MDA)含量无显著变化.表明抗氧化系统可有效抑制水稻叶片中的O₃胁迫引起的膜质过氧化作用,说明水稻品种“3694繁”对O₃胁迫有一定抗性.     

钾素水平对网纹甜瓜叶片光合特性及叶绿体亚显微结构的影响

在设施基质栽培条件下,研究了营养液中120、240及360 mg·L^-1 3个钾素水平对网纹甜瓜‘甜甜1号’叶片光合特性及叶绿体亚显微结构的影响.结果表明,营养液中钾素水平过低（120 mg·L^-1）或过高（360 mg·L^-1）均导致网纹甜瓜叶片净光合速率下降,使叶绿体片层结构混乱、变形和片层数减少,但对CO₂补偿点（70 μl·L^-1）、饱和CO₂（600 μl·L^-1）、光补偿点（50 μmol·m^-2·s^-1）无显著影响.适宜的钾素水平能显著提高叶片的饱和光强、羧化效率和表观量子效率,3个指标分别为1 200 μmol·m^-2·s^-1、0.1364和0.0237.在试验条件下,提高温室内基质栽培网纹甜瓜叶片光合效率的最适钾素水平为240 mg·L^-1.     

龙须菜对重金属铜胁迫的生理响应

研究了大型海藻龙须菜(Gracilaria lemaneiformis)对不同浓度重金属铜(0、25、50、100、250和500 μg·L^-1)胁迫的生理响应.结果表明:当Cu²⁺浓度≥50 μg·L^-1时,龙须菜藻体的相对生长速率显著下降,最大光化学量子产量、最大相对电子传递速率和相对电子传递效率呈相同的变化趋势.随着Cu²⁺浓度的升高,龙须菜藻体最大净光合速率和光饱和点显著降低,而光补偿点显著升高,叶绿素a、类胡萝卜素和藻胆蛋白含量则呈先升高后下降的趋势;当Cu²⁺浓度达到500 μg·L^-1时,叶绿素a、类胡萝卜素和藻胆蛋白含量显著下降.说明龙须菜在低浓度Cu²⁺胁迫下具有一定的抵抗能力,而当Cu²⁺浓度≥50 μg·L^-1时,会对藻体生理活动造成显著的抑制作用.     

The use of inositol hexaphosphate as a phosphorus source by mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris)

1. The external mycelia of the ectomycorrhizal fungi Thelephora terrestris and Suillus luteus , associated with Pinus sylvestris roots, exhibited a substantial extracellular acid phosphatase activity. The activity was positively correlated with the ergosterol concentration in the growth substratum and decreased with an increasing P nutrition.
2. The pioneer species T. terrestris grew best at a high P_i nutrition level whereas S. luteus , a 'late-stage' mycobiont, produced more active biomass at a low P_i nutrition level.
3. The phytase activity of the external mycelia could not be detected; at the root surface a phytase activity was observed. Mycorrhizas had significantly higher activities than uninfected roots.
4. The addition of a relatively high concentration of a soluble phytate to the growth substratum resulted in an increased relative growth rate (RGR) in both mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal plants. The influence of the mycorrhizal fungi on the use of the phytate-P was small, despite the phytase activity of the mycorrhizal feeder roots.
5. The addition of phytate fixed on a HPLC resin did not result in an increase of the RGR and P uptake neither in the non-mycorrhizal nor in the mycorrhizal Pines. The experiment did not support the hypothesis that phytate, which has a low solubility in soils, is a useful P source for ectomycorrhizal plants.     

过量钠盐胁迫对3种外生菌根真菌生长和钠元素积累的影响*

通过测定3种外生菌根真菌-美味牛肝菌(Boletus edulis)、红绒盖牛肝(Xerocomus chtysenterort)和铆钉菇(Gomphidius viscidus)在Na2SO4和NaCl处理下的菌斑增长特性、生物量积累和菌丝中钠元素积累量显示,2种盐都没有影响菌丝的生长模式。但在0．1mol／L浓度下,NaCl显抑制了X．chrysertterort和G．viscidus的干重增长;在Na2SO4处理下,X．chrysenteron生物增长量比对照显增加,G．viscidus则降低,而2种盐处理对B．edtdis的生物量积累没有显影响。3供试菌种在2种盐处理下,其对钠元素的吸收和积累量差异显。NaCl处理下,X．chtysenteron菌丝积累的钠量最多,而在Na2SO4条件下,B．edulis菌丝中钠积累量显高于其他2菌种。     

4种外生菌根真菌对难溶性磷酸盐的溶解能力

以红绒盖牛肝菌(Xerocomus chrysenteron)、美味牛肝菌(Boletus edulis)、黄须腹(Rhizopogen luteous)和劣味乳菇(Lactarius insulsus)4种外生菌根真菌为对象,在纯培养条件下比较它们对4种难溶性磷酸盐[Ca_3(PO_4)_2、Ca_(10)(PO_4)_6(OH)_2、FePO_4·4H_2O和AlPO_4]的溶解能力,以探讨外生菌根真菌对难溶性磷酸盐的溶解作用及其影响因素.结果表明:(1)4种外生菌根真菌均能在Ca_3(PO_4)_2为唯一磷源的NBRIP平板上生长,但生长速率明显不同,且红绒盖牛肝菌生长速率最快.(2) 4种菌根真菌对4种磷酸盐的溶解能力存在显著差异,红绒盖牛肝菌发酵液可溶性磷含量大多显著高于对照和其他菌根真菌,对磷酸盐的溶解能力最强.(3)4种菌根真菌发酵液可滴定酸度(2.30～46.00 mmol·L~(-1))和pH(4.57～6.99)与其溶磷量分别呈极显著正相关(r=0.991**)和极显著负相关(r=-0.939**).(4)4种外生菌根真菌均能分泌乙酸、柠檬酸和反丁烯二酸,且它们分泌有机酸总量(14.14～1 537.46 mg·L~(-1))与其溶磷量呈显著正相关(r=0.998*).研究发现, 4种外生菌根真菌发酵液可滴定酸度、pH和有机酸的种类与含量是影响其溶解Ca_3(PO_4)_2能力的主要因素;红绒盖牛肝菌的溶磷能力较强,具有应用于中国土壤缺磷地区造林的潜力.     

Phosphorus source alters host plant response to ectomycorrhizal diversity

We examined the influence of phosphorus source and availability on host plant (Pinus rigida) response to ectomycorrhizal diversity under contrasting P conditions. An ectomycorrhizal richness gradient was established with equimolar P supplied as either inorganic phosphate or organic inositol hexaphosphate. We measured growth and N and P uptake of individual P. rigida seedlings inoculated with one, two, or four species of ectomycorrhizal fungi simultaneously and without mycorrhizas in axenic culture. Whereas colonization of P. rigida by individual species of ectomycorrhizal fungi decreased with increasing fungal richness, colonization of all species combined increased. Plant biomass and N content increased across the ectomycorrhizal richness gradient in the organic but not the inorganic P treatment. Plants grown under organic P conditions had higher N concentration than those grown under inorganic P conditions, but there was no effect of richness. Phosphorus content of plants grown in the organic P treatment increased with increasing ectomycorrhizal richness, but there was no response in the inorganic P treatment. Phosphorus concentration was higher in plants grown at the four-species richness level in the organic P treatment, but there was no effect of diversity under inorganic P conditions. Overall, few ectomycorrhizal composition effects were found on plant growth or nutrient status. Phosphatase activities of individual ectomycorrhizal fungi differed under organic P conditions, but there was no difference in total root system phosphatase expression between the inorganic or organic P treatments or across richness levels. Our results provide evidence that plant response to ectomycorrhizal diversity is dependent on the source and availability of P.     

铝对外生菌根真菌营养元素吸收和酶活性的影响

以褐环乳牛肝菌Suillus luteus (Sl)、乳牛肝菌Suillus bovines (Sb)、琥珀乳牛肝菌Suillus placidus (Sp)为供试菌株,采用液体培养法,分析不同浓度Al³⁺ (0、0.2、0.4、0.8、1.2和1.6 mmol·L^–1)处理对3种外生菌根真菌生物量、pH、养分吸收、抗氧化酶活性、MDA含量的影响,探讨外生菌根真菌耐铝机制。结果表明,铝处理显著增加3种菌株生物量、P含量和Al含量,降低培养液中pH。当Al³⁺浓度为0.8 mmol·L^–1时,菌株生物量增幅最大,各浓度Al³⁺处理的3种菌株Al含量为Sp＞Sb＞Sl;K含量随Al³⁺浓度增加呈先上升后下降的趋势,低浓度Al³⁺(≤0.4 mmol·L^–1)显著促进Sl菌株中N元素的积累,0.4 mmol·L^–1 Al³⁺处理菌株N含量较无铝处理增加42.65%。铝处理还显著降低菌株POD和SOD活性,增加菌株MDA含量。菌株生物量与菌丝N、P、K含量呈极显著正相关(P＜0.01),其中与P含量相关性最高(r=0.635)。综上,环境中Al³⁺浓度是影响外生菌根真菌吸收铝的关键因素,在一定Al³⁺浓度下,外生菌根真菌通过增加对营养元素N、P、K的吸收,提高菌丝酶活性,降低MDA含量以缓解铝毒害,增强其在铝胁迫下的生存能力。该研究为筛选抗(耐)铝性强的优良菌株提供理论依据。     

Measuring external mycelia production of ectomycorrhizal fungi in the field: the soil matrix matters

Assessing mycorrhizal fungi production in field settings has been hindered by the inability to measure external mycelia. Recently, external mycelia production was measured in the field using a novel in-growth core technique with acid-washed sand as the in-growth matrix. Here, we tested the assumption that external mycelia production in acid-washed sand is representative of that in native soil. External mycelia production was estimated as the difference in fungal growth between closed (allowing only saprotrophic fungal production) and open (allowing mycorrhizal and saprotrophic fungal production) cores using a factorial design of soil matrices (acid-washed sand vs native) and fertilization treatments (control vs nitrogen (N)) in a longleaf pine (Pinus palustris) plantation. In native soils, the ectomycorrhizal to saprotrophic fungal biomass signal was strong and consistent facilitating the assessment of external mycelia production, which was 300% higher than corresponding rates in acid-washed sand and inversely correlated with soil N. These results demonstrate the efficacy and importance of using native soil as the in-growth matrix to measure ectomycorrhizal fungi external mycelia production in field settings.     

From field sampling to pneumatic bioreactor mycelia production of the ectomycorrhizal mushroom Laccaria trichodermophora

In order to increase survival rates of greenhouse seedlings destined for restoration and conservation programs, successful mycorrhization of the seedlings is necessary. To reforest forest ecosystems, host trees must be inoculated with ectomycorrhizal fungi and, in order to guarantee a sufficient supply of ectomycorrhizal inoculum, it is necessary to develop technologies for the mass production of ectomycorrhizal fungi mycelia. We selected the ectomycorrhizal fungus Laccaria trichodermophora, due to its ecological traits and feasible mycelia production in asymbiotic conditions. Here, we report the field sampling of genetic resources, as well as the highly productive nutritional media and cultivation parameters in solid cultures. Furthermore, in order to achieve high mycelial production, we used strain screening and evaluated pH, carbon source concentration, and culture conditions of submerged cultures in normal and baffled shake flasks. The higher productivity culture conditions in shake flasks were selected for evaluation in a pneumatic bioreactor, using modified BAF media with a 10 g/L glucose, pH 5.5, 25 °C, and a volumetric oxygen transfer coefficient (K_La) of 36 h⁻¹. Under those conditions less biomass (12–37 %) was produced in the pneumatic bioreactor compared with the baffled shake flasks. This approach shows that L. trichodermophora can generate a large biomass concentration and constitute the biotechnological foundation of its mycelia mass production.     

Basidiome formation of an edible wild, putatively ectomycorrhizal fungus, Phlebopus portentosus without host plant

Phlebopus portentosus is a popular wild edible ectomycorrhizal fungus in northern Thailand. In general ectomycorrhizal fungi produce basidiomes when associated with a host plant. In this paper mycelium growth and basidiome production of P. portentosus were examined in pure culture both in vitro and in pot-culture experiments. Five mycelial strains of P. portentosus were isolated from basidiomes and used in the experiments. The mycelia grew fastest on sorghum grains supplemented with fungal-host solution. The mycelia produced sclerotia-like structures after 3 wk incubation in darkness at 30 C. All strains of P. portentosus had the ability to form primordia. The primordia were formed under lowered temperature, high humidity and a 12 h photo-period. They developed to mature basidiomes after 8-12 d in in vitro. In the pot-culture primordia were found after 28-35 d incubation in the greenhouse and mature basidiomes released basidiospores within 6-8 d. Basidiospores were germinated on fungal-host medium and formed mycelial colonies. This fungus showed an ability to produce basidiomes even 2 y after the original isolation from tissues. This research provides valuable information concerning the techniques and protocols for the large scale commercial production of P. portentosus basidiomes in the absence of a host plant.     

高耐砷真菌的分离及其耐砷能力

从湖南石门县及郴州市重金属矿周边地区采集的6个砷污染土壤样品中,初步分离得到13株具有较强耐砷能力的真菌菌株,其中3株真菌的耐砷能力最强,经形态与分子鉴定分别为微紫青霉(Penicillin janthinellum)、尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum)和棘孢木霉(Trichoderma asperellum).培养试验表明：微紫青霉、尖孢镰刀菌和棘孢木霉分别在30000 mg·L^-1、30000 mg·L^-1和20000 mg·L^-1的砷胁迫平板中表现出很好的菌落生长状况;在砷浓度分别为0～50、0～50和0～80 mg·L^-1的液态培养基中培养2 d后,尖孢镰刀菌、棘孢木霉和微紫青霉的生物量均随砷浓度增加而增加,且在相应最高浓度(50、50、80 mg·L^-1)下的生物量显著高于不加砷的对照.此外,高浓度砷对该3株真菌的产孢能力没有影响.     

汞对外生菌根真菌氮素利用酶活性的影响

在含有0、5、50和150μmol/L Hg2+的液体培养基中培养土生空团菌Cenococcum geophilum Fr.菌株Cg SIV、彩色豆马勃Pisolithus tinctorius(Pers.)Coker et Couch菌株Pt715、松乳菇Lactarius sp.菌株Ld-1和Ld-3,研究汞对外生菌根真菌生长和氮素利用酶活性的影响。结果表明,汞对外生菌根真菌生长有不同程度的抑制作用,其中Cg SIV生物量降幅最小,在高汞浓度的培养基中生物量仅比对照减少9.7%,具有较高的耐汞性。供试菌株均能合成蛋白酶、几丁质酶、脲酶和硝酸还原酶,但不同菌株之间酶活性差异显著。说明外生菌根真菌既有益于寄主植物利用氮源的多样性,又具有对不同氮源的偏嗜性。汞对外生菌根真菌氮素利用酶活性的影响因菌株、酶类和汞浓度的不同而异,原因可能是不同菌株遗传特性的差异,使其在汞胁迫条件下产酶量不同,并表达对汞敏感性不同的等位酶。此外,低浓度(5μmol Hg2+/L)~中浓度(50μmol Hg2+/L)的汞提高或不影响氮素利用酶的活性,对外生菌根真菌氮素利用能力应无抑制作用。在正常和汞胁迫条件下,Pt715和Ld-3的蛋白酶、脲酶、硝酸还原酶和几丁质酶的活性均最高,表现出较强的氮素利用能力。推断在汞污染的土壤上种植桉树和松树,接种Pt715和Ld-3可能改善寄主植物的氮素营养。