甘桔新害虫——高氏瘤粉虱研究

高氏瘤粉氨Aleurotubercutus takahashii David et Subramaniam是福建福州郊区桔园新发现的一种小型刺吸性害虫。国外在印度最早发现,并于1976年被鉴定命名。本通过该虫在替换寄主茉莉花上的田间调查和室内饲养观察,对该虫的形态特征、生物学特性及防治对策作了初步探讨。高氏瘤粉虱在福州年发生约8～9代,主要以成虫、若虫刺吸为害柑桔和莱莉叶片,在28±1℃条件下,世代历期为26-31天。以高龄若虫或拟蛹越冬。其寄生性天敌有桨角蚜小蜂(Eretmocerus sp．)、恩蚜小蜂(Encarsia sp.)等,寄生率为7．07-17．84%。     

粉虱寄生蜂种类的调查与鉴定

通过采集调查、室内饲养和鉴定,初步获得福建省部分地区粉虱寄生蜂２２种,隶属于蚜小蜂科Ａｐｈｅｌｉｎｉｄａｅ的恩蚜小蜂属Ｅｎｃａｒｓｉａ Ｆｏｅｒｓｔｅｒ（１９种）和桨角蚜小蜂属Ｅｒｅｔｍｏｃｅｒｕｓ Ｈａｌｄｅｍａｎ（２种）,以及广腹细蜂科Ｐｌａｔｙｇａｓｔｅｒｉｄａｅ的Ａｍｉｔｕｓ（１种）。     

小黑瓢虫对高氏瘤粉虱捕食作用的研究

在高氏瘤粉虱不同虫态共存的条件下,小黑标虫对高氏瘤粉虱各虫态的选择次序为卵＞1龄若虫＞2龄若虫＞3龄若虫＞4龄若虫和拟蛹,对卵的捕食率均最高,有明显的嗜好选择;小黑瓢虫幼虫捕食粉虱卵的数量,随着龄期的增长而递增,其中4龄幼虫的捕食量最大,4龄期捕食量平均为1565．42粒,占全幼虫期总食卵量的45．42％,整个幼虫期可捕食高氏瘤粉虱的卵数平均为3446．5粒。小黑瓢虫3龄幼虫对粉虱卵的捕食作用率在所给的猎物密度（1500粒／皿）条件下,随着自身密度的增加而降低。     

优洛姬小蜂属一新种记述（膜翅目：姬小蜂科：姬小蜂亚科）

本文记述优洛姬小蜂属Ｅｕｌｏｐｈｏｍｏｒｐｈａ１新种,即蛛卵优洛姬小蜂Ｅ．ｃｌｕｂｉｏｎａ,ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．该属系我国首次记载,雄虫在世界上属第１次描述,标本采用江苏无锡和湖北大悟,寄生于管巢蛛（刺足蛛）的卵巢（寄主新纪录）中。模式标本保存于江西农业大学植物保护系标本室。     

介壳虫寄生蜂二中国新记录属及三新种

报道寄生介壳虫的跳小蜂３新种,即采自新疆的昌吉跳小蜂Ｅｎｃｙｒｔｕｓ ｃｈａｎｇｊｉｅｎｓｉｓ Ｘｕ,ｓｐ．ｎ．１采自吉林的缢４盾伊丽跳小蜂Ｅｒｉｃｙｄｎｕｓ ｓｃｕｔｅｌｌｕｓ Ｘｕ,ｓｐ．ｎ．和采自的宽额苏泊跳小蜂Ｓｕｂｐｒｉｏｎｏｍｉｔｕｓ ｆｒｏｎｔａｔｕｓ Ｘｕ,ｓｐ．ｎ．。本文也是伊丽跳小蜂属Ｅｒｉｃｙｄｎｕｓ Ｗａｌｋｅｒ和苏泊跳小蜂属Ｓｕｂｐｒｉｏｎｏｍｉｔｕｓ Ｍｅｒｃｅｔ在我国     

小黑瓢虫新猎物--高氏瘤粉虱发育速率模型的研究

高氏瘤粉虱Aleurotuberculatus takahashi David et Subramaniam是小黑瓢虫Delphastus catalinae的新猎物寄主,本测定了不同温度下高氏瘤粉虱的发育速率,得出高氏瘤粉虱各虫态的发育起点温度为：卵期8.30℃、一龄若虫6.46℃、二龄若虫7.71℃、三龄若虫7.12℃、四龄若虫一拟蛹7.68℃、产卵前期7.90℃、世代7.64℃。另外还得出发育速率与温度关系的线性日度模型、Logistic模型。     

竹类害虫的六种寄生蜂及二新种记述（膜翅目：跳小峰科）

本文报导与竹类害虫有关的６种跳小蜂。长缘刷盾跳小蜂Ｃｈｅｉｌｏｎｅｕｒｕｓｃｌａｖｉｇｅｒ及优赛跳小蜂Ｅｕｓｅｍｉｏｎｃｏｒｎｉｇｅｒｕｍ,寄生竹巢粉蚧Ｎｅｓｔｉｃｏｃｃｕｓｓｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ的初寄生者花翅跳小蜂Ｍｉｃｒｏｔｅｒｙｓｓｐｐ．;瓢虫隐尾跳小蜂Ｈｏｍａｌｏｔｙｌｕｓｆｌａｍｉｎｉｕｓ,寄生黑缘光瓢虫Ｅｘｏｃｈｏｍｕｓ（Ｘａｎｔｈｏｃｏｒｎｓ）ｎｉｇｒｏｍａｒｇｉｎａｔｕｓ;白胫短缘跳小蜂Ｚａｏｍｍａｅｒｉｏｃｏｃｉ（Ｔａｃｈｉｋａｗａ）中国新记录,寄生竹巢粉蚧的初寄生者花翅跳小蜂;四斑长索跳小蜂ＡｎａｇｙｒｕｓｑｕａｄｒｉｍａｃｕｌａｔｕｓＸｕｅｔＨｅ,ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ,寄生竹绒粉蚧Ｅｒｉｏｃｏｃｃｕｓｔｒａｎｓｖｅｒｓｕｓ;长脉卵跳小蜂ＯｏｅｎｃｙｒｔｕｓｌｏｎｇｉｖｅｎｏｓｕｓＸｕｅｔＨｅ,ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ,寄生竹卵圆蝽Ｈｉｐｐｏｔｉｓｃｕｓｄｏｒｓａｌｉｓ。标本及模式标本保存在浙江农业大学寄生蜂标本室。     

小黑瓢虫形态特征及生物学特性观察

小黑瓢虫(Delphastus catalirtae(Horn))是粉虱害虫的重要捕食性天敌。本对小黑瓢虫从英国引种后的形态特征和生物学特性进行观察,用福州地区新的猎物寄主高氏瘤粉虱(Aleurotubercutatus takahashii David＆Subramaniam)进行饲养繁殖,已成功地在室内定殖和繁衍。小黑瓢虫成虫寿命长达90—130天．可捕食粉虱卵、若虫、成虫各虫态,且捕食量大,活动能力强,是高氏瘤粉虱的有效天敌,具有很好的保护利用价值。     

红圆蚧3种寄生蜂的寄生作用研究

研究了红圆蚧（Ａｏｎｉｄｉｅｌｌａａｕｒａｎｔｉｉ）３种寄生蜂（盾蚧长缨蚜小蜂Ｅｎｃａｒｓｉａｃｉｔｒｉ－ｎａ,岭南黄蚜小蜂Ａｐｈｙｔｉｓｌｉｎｇｎａｎｅｓｉｓ,印巴黄蚜小峰Ａｐｈｙｔｉｓｍｅｌｉｎｕｓ）在不同温度、不同寄生物密度、不同寄主密度组合下的功能反应．攻击率印巴蜂最大,岭南蜂次之,长缨蚜小蜂蜂最小．３种寄生蜂在不同温度下的攻击率都近于正态分布．建立了含干扰效应、温度效应的功能反应模型,两个模型的各参数均有明确的生物学意义,模拟效果好．     

海南省粉褶蕈属的分类研究（Ⅰ）

本文报道了海南省粉褶蕈属［Ｅｎｔｏｌｏｍａ（Ｆｒ．）Ｋｕｍｍ．］６个新种,它们是：锈褐粉褶蕈（Ｅｎｔｏｌｏｍａ ｆｅｒｒｕｇｉｎｅｏｂｒｕｎｎｅｕｍ Ｗ．Ｍ．Ｚ ｈａｎｇ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．）,紫褐粉褶蕈（Ｅｎｔｏｌｏｍａ ｐｕｒｐｕｒｅｏ－ｂｒｕｎｎｅｕｍ Ｗ．Ｍ．Ｚｈａｎｇ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．）,丛生粉褶蕈（Ｅｎｔｏｌｏｍａｃａｅｓｐｉｔｏｓｕｍ Ｗ．Ｍ．Ｚｈａｎｇ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．）,肉褐粉褶蕈（Ｅｎｔ     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.     

Detection of EBV and HHV6 in the Brain Tissue of Patients with Rasmussen’s Encephalitis

Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE) is a rare pediatric neurological disorder, and the exact etiology is not clear. Viral infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of RE, but conflicting results have reported. In this study, we evaluated the expression of both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus (HHV) 6 antigens in brain sections from 30 patients with RE and 16 control individuals by immunohistochemistry. In the RE group, EBV and HHV6 antigens were detected in 56.7% (17/30) and 50% (15/30) of individuals, respectively. In contrast, no detectable EBV and HHV6 antigen expression was found in brain tissues of the control group. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in 20.0% (6/30) of individuals. In particular, a 4-year-old boy had a typical clinical course, including a medical history of viral encephalitis, intractable epilepsy, and hemispheric atrophy. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in neurons and astrocytes in the brain tissue, accompanied by a high frequency of CD8⁺ T cells. Our results suggest that EBV and HHV6 infection and the activation of CD8⁺ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RE.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.