青海省阳蝇属四新种(双翅目,蝇科)

报告采自青海省蝇科阳蝇属Helina R—D．4新种,分别命名为高居阳蝇Helina alpigenus sp．nov．,尖尾阳蝇Helina apicicauda sp．nov．,二刺阳蝇Helina bispina sp．nov．和大毁阳蝇Helina largideleta sp．nov．。模式标本保存于中国科学院动物研究所。     

中国四川省阳蝇属五新种(双翅目:蝇科)

报道采自中国四川省阳蝇属Helina R．-D．,1830 5新种：腹刺阳蝇Helina sternitoscola,sp.nov．;华西阳蝇Helina sinoccidentala,sp．nov．;亚蜜阳蝇Helina subfica,sp．nov．;双叉阳蝇Helina didicrocerca,sp．nov．：四川阳蝇Helina sichuanica,sp．nov．。前4种模式标本保存在中国科学院上海生命科学研究院植物生理生态研究所：最后1种保存于北京军事医学科学院微生物流行病研究所医学昆虫标本馆。     

新疆阳蝇属四新种(双翅目:蝇科)

报告采自新疆蝇科阳蝇属Helina R.-D.4新种,即眼鬃阳蝇Helina ocellijuba sp.nov.,粘叶阳蝇Helina mallocerca sp.nov.,狭跗阳蝇Helina stenotarsis sp.nov.和板刺阳蝇Helina sterniteoacaena sp.nov.。模式标本保存于中国科学院动物研究所。     

四川省阳蝇属五新种（双翅目：蝇科）

记述采自中国四川西部山区阳蝇属Helina R.-D.,1980的5新种,分别命名为金阳蝇Helina aureolicolorata,sp.nov.;羽胫阳蝇Helina plumipostitibia,sp.nov.;茂汶阳蝇Helina maowenna,sp.nov.;雨阳蝇Helina hyeta,sp.nov.;类介阳蝇Helina mimintermedia,sp.nov.。模式标本存北京军事医学科学院微生物流行病研究所医学昆虫标本馆。     

中国阳蝇属国上新种（双翅目：蝇科）

报道采自黑龙江和甘两省的蝇科阳蝇属Helina R.-D.4新各上,分别命名为胡氏阳蝇Helina huae sp.nov.,小兴安阳蝇Heliona xiaoxinganna sp.nov.,舟曲阳蝇Helina zhouquensis sp.nov和圆板阳蝇Helina ampyxocerca sp.nov.。模式标本保存于沈阳师范大学昆虫研究所。     

长白山阳蝇属三新种(双翅目:蝇科)

报道采自吉林省长白山蝇科阳蝇属Helina R.-D.3新种,即密胡阳蝇Helina densibarbata sp.nov。,吉林阳蝇Helina jilinensis sp.nov.和小毁阳蝇Helina minutideleta sp.nov.,模式标本保存于沈阳师范大学昆虫研究所。     

中国四川阳蝇属二新种(双翅目:蝇科)

报道采自中国四川省阳蝇属Helina R．-D．,1830二新种：炽阳蝇Helina alea,sp．nov．;梨阳蝇Helina pyriforma,sp．nov．。模式标本存北京军事医学科学院微生物流行病研究所医学昆虫标本馆。     

中国四川阳蝇属五新种(双翅目:蝇科)

报告采自四川西部山区的蝇科阳蝇属HelinaR.-D.五新种,即：亚喜密阳蝇Helina subevecta sp.nov,阳阳蝇Helina solata sp.nov,用公山阳蝇Helina zhougongshanna sp.nov,康定阳蝇Helina kangdingen-sis sp.nov和赘脉阳蝇Helina appendicivena sp.nov。模式标本保存于中国军事医学科学院微生物流行病研究所医学昆虫标本馆。     

中国阳蝇属四新种(双翅目: 蝇科)

报道采自黑龙江和甘肃两省的蝇科阳蝇属Helina R. -D. 残轮?分别命名为胡氏阳蝇Helina huae sp. nov., 小兴安阳蝇Heliona xiaoxinganna sp. nov., 舟曲阳蝇Helina zhouquensis sp. nov. 和圆板阳蝇Helina ampyxocerca sp. nov..模式标本保存于沈阳师范大学昆虫研究所.     

新疆阳蝇属Helina R.—D.二新种（双翅目：蝇科）

记述采自新疆蝇属Helina R.-D．2新种,托木尔阳蝇Helina tuomuerra,sp,nov。和新疆阳蝇Helina xinjiangensis,sp.nov.模式标本保存于中国科学院动物研究所。     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Entwicklungsgeschichte und Ultrastruktur von Pollenkitt und Exine bei nahe verwandten entomophilen und anemophilen Angiospermensippen derAlismataceae,Liliaceae, Juncaceae,Cyperaceae, Poaceae undAraceae

Some closely related members of the monocotyledonous familiesAlismataceae, Liliaceae, Juncaceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae andAraceae with variable modes of pollination (insect- and wind-pollination) were studied in relation to the ultrastructure of pollenkitt and exine (amount, consistency and distribution of pollenkitt on the surface of pollen grains). The character syndromes of pollen cementing in entomophilous, anemophilous and intermediate (ambophilous or amphiphilous) monocotyledons are the same in principal as in dicotyledons. Comparing present with former results one can summarize: 1) The pollenkitt is always produced in the same manner by the anther tapetum in all angiosperm sub-classes. 2) The variable stickiness of entomophilous and anemophilous pollen always depends on the particular distribution and consistency of the pollenkitt, but not its amount on the pollen surface. 3) The mostly dry and powdery pollen of anemophilous plants always contains a variable amount of inactive pollenkitt in its exine cavities. 4) A step-by step change of the pollen cementing syndrome can be observed from entomophily towards anemophily. 5) From the omnipresence of pollenkitt in all wind-pollinated angiosperms studied one can conclude that the ancestors of anemophilous angiosperms probably have been zoophilous (i.e. entomophilous) throughout.

     

Identification and Characterization of the First Equine Parainfluenza Virus 5

正Dear Editor,Parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5), known as canine parainfluenza virus in the veterinary field, is a negative-sense,nonsegmented, single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Paramyxoviridae family (Chen 2018). The virus was first reported in primary monkey kidney cells in 1954 (Hsiung1972), then it has been frequently discovered in various     

Pathogenic Characterization and Full Length Genome Sequence of a Reassortant Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Newly Isolated in Pakistan

<正>Dear Editor,Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is one of the most important diseases of the poultry. The IBD virus (IBDV), a nonenveloped virus belonging to the Birnaviridae family with a genome consisting of two segments of double-stranded RNA (segments A and B), targets B lymphocytes of bursa of Fabricious leading to immunosuppression. In Pakistan,poultry farming is the second biggest industry and IBD is the second biggest disease threating the poultry sector.However, there is limited genome information of IBDV