南京老山地区蜻蜓目昆虫区系分析及多样性研究

2005～2007年对南京老山地区蜻蜓目昆虫进行了调查研究,通过对采集标本的鉴定和分类,初步确定南京老山地区蜻蜓目昆虫有2亚目6科21属30种, 其中7种是江苏省新纪录.其区系组成的特点是:东洋区有8种,占总数的26.67%;古北区有2种,占总数的6.67%;东洋区-古北区有11种,占总数的36.67%;广布种有9种,占总数的30.00%.通过对春、夏、秋三季蜻蜓多样性的研究,发现春、夏、秋三季蜻蜓的种类数量为夏季>春季>秋季.     

江苏蜻蜓区系及多样性

2005-2010年,在江苏一些比较适合蜻蜓生长的水域附近进行了蜻蜓采集,用静观和网捕法记录采集路线两侧各20m范围内的蜻蜓,鉴定统计后分析其区系成分及多样性.结果表明:江苏地区现有蜻蜓53种,隶属于11科35属;古北-东洋种类较多,有18种,占总数的33.96%;古北界种类相对较少,只有5种,约占总数的9.43%;江苏地区蜻蜓的多样性指数为3.108,均匀度指数为0.782,优势度指数为0.169,优势集中性指数为0.072;南京和连云港地区蜻蜓的物种丰富度、多样性指数和均匀度指数最高,优势集中性指数最低,这可能与这两地生境的多样性相对较高、适宜蜻蜓生存的生境多有关.     

贵州茂兰自然保护区蜻蜓多样性初步研究

2011年7月在贵州茂兰自然保护区的一些比较适合蜻蜓生长的水域附近进行了蜻蜓采集,用静观和网捕法记录采集路线两侧各20m范围内的蜻蜓,鉴定统计后分析其区系成分及多样性.结果表明:1)贵州茂兰地区现有蜻蜓65种,隶属于11科42属;2)东洋界种类较多,有31种,占总数的47.69％;古北界种类相对较少,只有1种,约占总数的1.54％;3)贵州茂兰地区蜻蜓的多样性指数为2.8617,均匀度指数为0.6855,优势度指数为0.1385,优势集中性指数为0.1006;4)5个样点之间的相似性指数均在30％ ～55％之间,且只有捞村与翁昂为53.41％,捞村52.77％大于板王50％,这可能与茂兰地区生境的多样性相对较高,适宜蜻蜓生存的生境多有关.     

江西省海会地区蜻蜓目昆虫区系分析

2004-2005年对江西海会地区蜻蜓资源进行了调查。标本经鉴定,初步确定海会地区蜻蜓目昆虫共计2亚目、10科、35属、52种,其中31种是江西省新记录。其区系组成的特点是：东洋成分占明显优势,有34种,约占总数的65．4％;古北区的种类相对较少,有16种,约占总数的30．8％。     

宁波四明山区的蜻蜓

2009—2010年对宁波四明山地区的蜻蜓资源进行了野外调查,共采集蜻蜓标本460只,隶属9科32属43种。蜻科Libellulidele为优势科(17种,占总数的39.5%),灰蜻属Orthetrum为优势属(5种,占属总数的15.6%)。单种单属有25个,占总属数的78.1%,说明四明山区蜻蜓区系在起源和构成上比较复杂。四明山区蜻蜓区系以东洋区和跨古北区-东洋区种类占优势。调查发现水体污染、湿地过度开发利用已经成为该地区蜻蜓目昆虫及其它水生生物面临的主要威胁。     

北京师范大学校园秋季鸟类环志报告

2001年9月3日至11月10日,在北京师范大学生物园经过51d的工作,共网捕环志鸟类2目10科28种165只。其中留鸟4种,占总数的14．29％;旅鸟18种,占总数的64．29％;夏候鸟4种,占总数的14．29%;冬候鸟2种,占总数的7．15％。通过网捕环志技术,并结合春季同一地区的环志结果,分析了迁徙季节本地区鸟类群落的组成,以及群落随时间、季节的变化情况。     

内蒙古辉腾高勒地区鸟类区系及生态分布调查研究

2005年5月至2006年6月,对内蒙古辉腾高勒地区的鸟类进行了调查.共记录鸟类58种,隶属于10目21科,其中繁殖鸟(包括留鸟和夏候鸟)共50种,占该地区鸟类总数的86.2%;国家Ⅰ级保护动物1种,国家Ⅱ级保护动物9种,被<中国濒危动物红皮书收录5种.该地区的鸟类在分布型上划分为7种类型,以北方型种类占绝对优势,具有典型的古北界特征.     

宁夏灵武白芨滩国家级自然保护区蜻蜓目昆虫多样性及区系

2010-2013年,对宁夏灵武白芨滩国家级自然保护区的蜻蜓目昆虫多样性进行了调查研究。结果共获得蜻蜓标本305号,隶属2亚目3科9属13种,其中差翅亚目2科6属9种,束翅亚目1科3属4种。蜻科(5属7种)、蟌科(3属4种)为优势科,长叶异痣蟌、秋赤蜻和黄蜻为优势种。总属种比值系数为0.692,单种属占总属数的66.67%。其区系组成的特点是在世界地理分布中偏向古北区,古北区种占总种数的46.15%,广布种占总种数的30.77%。在中国动物地理区划中共有8类区系型,其中七区型所占比例最高(占38.46%);四区型和五区型次之;六区型分布仅有1种,无单区型、双区型和三区型分布的种,表明宁夏灵武白芨滩国家级保护区蜻蜓目昆虫在中国动物地理区划中区系关系和构成较为复杂。     

北京城区花粉致敏植物种类、分布及物候特征

为了解北京城区花粉致敏植物的种类、分布格局和物候特征,结合文献调研及专家访问,对北京5环以内的花粉致敏植物进行了调查.结果表明:1)北京城区五环内共有致敏花粉植物19科32属99种,其中北京本地种52种,占总数的52.5%,国内其他地区引进种和国外引进种各占总数的26.3%和21.2%;2)北京城区32属花粉致敏植物以北温带成分为主,占40.6%,其次是世界性分布与泛热带分布;3)公园内的花粉致敏植物种数最多,行道树种中花粉致敏植物的比例最高.北京城区各功能区中花粉强致敏草本的盖度,从大到小的顺序是城市废弃地>体育中心及机关单位>道路绿地>公园>居民区>学校>广场;4)北京城区木本花粉致敏植物的花期主要集中在3—4月,草本在7—9月.     

河北沧州地区猛禽初步调查

依据2001年5月至2008年3月对沧州东部沿海湿地的野外考察和沧州市野生动物救护中心的鸟类救护记录,共收录沧州地区猛禽33种,隶属于2目5科16属.其中,隼形目3科10属26种,鹗形目2科6属7种.旅鸟16种,占48.5%;冬候鸟8种,占24.2%;夏候鸟3种,占9.1%;留鸟6种,占18.2%.古北界23种,占69.7%;东洋界和广布种各5种,分别占15.2%.     

The effect of ecological rehabilitation of the Erhai lakeside on Odonata species richness and abundance

Erhai Lake is also called ‘mother lake’ by the residents of Dali in Yunnan Province of western China. Since 2000, a series of ecological restoration projects have been conducted in Erhai lakeside. Here, we studied the changes in species abundance and richness of the order Odonata caused by this ecological restoration. From 2004 to 2016, we sampled adult and larval Odonata in Erhai lakeside and found 4335 individuals, representing 32 species. Results of our study showed that the abundance and species richness of Odonata varied at different sites of this wetland, but Odonata increased after the ecological restoration compared to those in the pristine areas. We suggest that Odonata is an indicator of the changes in the habitat structure of the Erhai lakeside.     

Diversity of Odonata (Insecta) from Dholbaha Dam (Distt. Hoshiarpur) in Punjab Shivalik,India

Study on the species diversity of the order Odonata was carried out during 2002 ∼ 2004 at Dholbaha dam, which has a moist deciduous forest surrounding it in district Hoshiarpur, Punjab, India. A total of 30 species belonging to 7 families of order Odonata were recorded during the study period. The family Libellulidae, represented by 18 species was the most dominant followed by Coenagrionidae (6 species), Aeshnidae (2 species) and Calopterygidae, Chlorocyphidae, Euphaeidae and Gomphidae each having 1 species. In terms of total number of individuals, family Libellulidae constituted maximum with 64.36% followed by Coenagrionidae (28.50%), Chlorocyphidae (1.83%), Gomphidae (1.62%), Euphaeidae (1.56%), Calopterygidae (1.38%) and Aeshnidae (0.75%). Pantala flavescens (Fabricius), a migratory species was the most dominant in number of individuals constituting 17.12% of the total. The least dominant species included Anax immaculifrons Rambur (0.38%) and Anax parthenope parthenope (Selys) (0.36%). Shannon-Wiener index of species diversity of Odonata was 2.988 and 3.029 during 2002–2003 and 2003–2004, respectively. Seven new species have also been reported from the Dholbaha dam during this study period thus increasing the total species number of odonates so far recorded from this area from 29 to 36.     

Adult Odonata conservatism as an indicator of freshwater wetland condition

There is a growing need to identify effective and efficient biological indicators for wetland assessment, and adult damselflies and dragonflies (Insecta: Odonata) possess several attributes that make them attractive for this application. We introduce a general indicator of freshwater wetland condition based on objectively estimated adult Odonata species conservatism, or sensitivity to human disturbances. We used an extensive opportunistic survey dataset from Rhode Island (USA) to empirically assign a coefficient of conservatism (CoC) to each of 135 Odonata species, based on their exclusivity to categories of degradation among 510 wetlands; the mean CoC of species observed in the adult stage was applied as an index of wetland integrity. An independent sample of 51 wetlands was also drawn from the opportunistic survey to test the performance of the index relative to human disturbance, as measured by multimetric rapid assessment and surrounding impervious surface area. The index was well predicted by both disturbance measures and showed no evidence of dependence on sampling effort, wetland size, or geomorphic class. Our findings suggest that conservatism of adult Odonata averaged across species may provide a robust indicator of freshwater wetland condition. And because adult Odonata are generally easy to identify, especially relative to larval Odonata, the index could be particularly useful for wetland assessment. Our straightforward empirical approach to CoC estimation could be applied to other existing spatially referenced Odonata datasets or to other species assemblages.     

Ecological characterization of the odonatofauna in lotic and lentic waters of northeast Algeria

The purpose of this paper is to determine the Odonata fauna structure and composition in Bejaia’s wetlands, which have been poorly sampled until now. This paper is a report of a pioneer study of dragonflies in the Bejaia area in northeastern Algeria, with the aim to improve the knowledge of the Odonata taxa present in this vast territory, which covers 3268 km². This region is of major importance, and contains Wadi Soummam which is classified by the Ramsar Convention as of international importance. In addition, Lake Mezaia is included in the Gouraya National Park, and the area also contains high mountain forest ponds, which are unknown to both the general public and the scientific community due to their remote location and poor accessibility. Despite the anthropogenic pressures on these wetlands, this study recorded 33 Odonata species, which represented 52% of the species known in Algeria. None were new to the country. The recorded species included two Maghrebian endemic taxa, namely Platycnemis subdilatata and Enallagma deserti.     

Fine-scale urbanization affects Odonata species diversity in ponds of a megacity (Paris,France)

Current developments in urban ecology include very few studies focused on pond ecosystems, though ponds are recognized as biodiversity hotspots. Using Odonata as an indicator model, we explored changes in species composition in ponds localized along an urban gradient of a megacity (Paris, France). We then assessed the relative importance of local- and landscape-scale variables in shaping Odonata α-diversity patterns using a model-averaging approach. Analyses were performed for adult (A) and adult plus exuviae (AE) census data. At 26 ponds, we recorded 657 adults and 815 exuviae belonging to 17 Odonata species. The results showed that the Odonata species assemblage composition was not determined by pond localization along the urban gradient. Similarly, pond characteristics were found to be similar among urban, suburban and periurban ponds. The analyses of AE census data revealed that fine-scale urbanization (i.e., increased density of buildings surrounding ponds) negatively affects Odonata α-diversity. In contrast, pond localization along the urban gradient weakly explained the α-diversity patterns. Several local-scale variables, such as the coverage of submerged macrophytes, were found to be significant drivers of Odonata α-diversity. Together, these results show that the degree of urbanization around ponds must be considered instead of pond localization along the urban gradient when assessing the potential impacts of urbanization on Odonata species diversity. This work also indicates the importance of exuviae sampling in understanding the response of Odonata to urbanization.     

Comparative effects of urban and agricultural land transformation on Odonata assemblages in a biodiversity hotspot

Rivers of the Cape Floristic Region (CFR) biodiversity hotspot are threatened by land transformation. This region is a centre of endemism for many taxa, including Odonata. These insects are highly sensitive to changes in physical habitat structure, which makes them good bioindicators, and this led to the development of the Dragonfly Biotic Index (DBI). We investigated the effects of local agricultural and urban land transformations on Odonata species richness, assemblage composition and DBI scores in three CFR rivers. A total of 48 sites were selected and categorized as natural, agricultural or urban land use. Adult male Odonata and four environmental variables were recorded over two seasons. Land transformation significantly influenced Odonata assemblage composition but did not always significantly reduce species richness. Average vegetation height also affected Odonata assemblage composition and decreased species richness. Agricultural and urban sites had Odonata assemblages differing from those in the natural areas. Agricultural and urban local land use types reduced opportunities for some endemic species but provided for the persistence and establishment of widespread, generalist species, as indicated by great changes in DBI scores. Mitigating the adverse influences of land transformation through establishment of protected areas is essential for the conservation of rare taxa, particularly in an area with a high number of endemic species.     

贵州荔波发现弱须洞鳅

洞鳅属（Troglonectes Zhang, Zhao & Tang 2016）鱼类为中国特有的小型洞穴淡水鱼类,主要分布在贵州和广西喀斯特地区的地下河流中。2018至2019年在贵州省荔波县境内进行洞穴生物多样性调查时采集到4号洞鳅属标本,经过形态比较,与弱须洞鳅（Troglonectes barbatus）相似;基于线粒体16S rRNA和Cyt b重建的系统发育树及遗传距离分析显示,4号洞鳅属标本与来自模式产地的弱须洞鳅高度支持聚为一支;利用Kimura双参数模型计算基于16S rRNA和Cyt b的遗传距离,这些标本与弱须洞鳅之间的遗传距离分别为0.4%和0.2%,小于洞鳅属物种之间的遗传距离（16S rRNA遗传距离为2.4%,Cyt b遗传距离为6.1%）。本次研究使用16S rRNA和Cyt b分子标记研究洞鳅属部分物种的系统发育关系和遗传距离。综合形态和分子系统发育分析结果,确定采集自贵州省荔波县小七孔景区的4号标本为隶属于鲤形目条鳅科洞鳅属的弱须洞鳅,系贵州省洞穴鱼类新记录种。     

Water body type and land cover shape the dragonfly communities (Odonata) in the Pampa biome,Rio Grande do Sul,Brazil

The biogeographical region known as the Pampa biome in southern Brazil, was originally mainly covered with open fields or grassland, with areas of riparian forest surrounding the water bodies. Today this landscape appears highly fragmented due to agricultural activities such as rice cultivation, extensive cattle farming, and forest plantations. Studies have shown that the Pampa biome has high levels of biodiversity and endemism, but with regard to invertebrates, this biome is still one of the least known in Brazil. We therefore designed a study comparing the dragonfly (Odonata) communities to environmental and landscape features in this area, measuring diversity by species richness, relative abundance and Shannon index. Our results showed that the Pampa is a biome very rich in odonates, and that the species communities are highly dependent on the environmental conditions of the area. Habitats such as Rivers/Streams, bordered by native grasslands and riparian forests, were shown to harbour communities that were ecologically more complex and sensitive than other habitat types. Man-made lakes and agricultural areas displayed lower levels of biodiversity and odonate communities dominated by generalist species. By combining data on the communities of Odonata and other taxa, our analyses may be instrumental in determining priority areas for future conservation measures within the area.     

Export of biomass and metals from aquatic to terrestrial ecosystems via the emergence of dragonflies (Insecta: Odonata)

Long-term monitoring of the abundance and spatial distribution of 18 widespread species of Odonata has made it possible to assess their contribution to the export of aquatic productivity that entered the Barabinsk forest-steppe ecosystem. The annual emergence of Odonata varies from 0.8 to 4.9 g/m² of the land area and from 2.3 to 13.3 g/m² of the water area, which is 4–5 times larger than that in Diptera. The total flux of organic matter from water to terrestrial ecosystems remains relatively stable (sixfold interannual variability) irrespective of large interannual variations in the abundance of separate species (e.g., 42-fold interannual variability in Libellula quadrimaculata). The metal content was determined in nine Odonata species. Export of metals by dragonflies decreases in the series K > Na > Mg > Ca > Fe > Zn > Cu > Mn > Pb > Ni > Cr > Cd. Therefore, odonates appear to be quantitatively and qualitatively important providers of aquatic resources to the forest-steppe landscape of Western Siberia.