东北边境地带吸血蠓的区系和生态研究

我国东北吉林省和黑龙江省的边境地带共有18个县区,东起于吉林省珲春县,北止于我国最北端的黑龙江省漠河县,全长约2500km,位于东经122°4′—129°50′,北纬53°—41°25′之间,一般海拔500—1000m,年平均降水量300—700mm,昆虫地理区划属东北区大兴安岭亚区和长白山亚区。多年来,吸血蠓对边境     

暗腹雪鸡的繁殖及食性

暗腹雪鸡 Tetraogallus himalayensis 属国家保护动物,郑作新等(1978)、沈孝宙等(1963)对其生态仅有零星报道。1984年4月至 1989年 5月,我们在甘肃东大山(39°00′—39°04′N;100°45′—100°51′E.)、冷龙岭(39°34′—38°14′N;101°49′—102°22′E.)和野马山(39°40′—39°50′N;95°15′—95°45′E.)对暗腹雪鸡青海亚种 T.h.koslowi 的繁殖和食性进行了研究。 一、暗腹雪鸡繁殖期的生态分布 在东大山,暗腹雪鸡繁殖期主要分布于海拔 2 400—3 200m的亚高山草甸、山地草原和荒漠草原。其中,山地草原是营巢区,余为觅食区。冷龙岭植被与东大山相似,暗腹雪鸡的生态分布也类似。野马山植被单调,暗腹雪鸡仅分布于山地草原。     

山东白头鹎的一些生态观察

据记载白头鹎Pycnontus sinensis的分布区,北至山东南部郯城(东经118°17′—118°40′、北纬34°251—34°57′)……。1984—1988年作者在山东省泰山(东经117°5′—117°24′、北纬36°5′—36°75′)、徂徕山(东经117°16′—117°20′、北纬36°02′—36°07′)的连续观察和冬季采到的标本,得知此鸟在上述两地为留鸟。常在海拔500米以下的低山一带活动,多停落在树的     

白背飞虱与褐稻虱的发生特点比较

<正> 宜昌县地处长江上中游交界地区(30°32′—31°28′N,110°51′—111°39′E),境内地势起伏,平原、丘陵,山地交错。水稻栽培制度基本上为单双混栽稻区和单季稻区。白背飞虱Sogatella furcifera(Horváth)、褐稻虱Nilaparvatalugens(Stal)都是水稻上的主要害虫。通过近几年对这两种飞虱的发生观察及饲养,初步看出:两种飞虱常年混合发生,在生物学特性及种群消长规律等方面有较大的差异。     

陕西白蜡虫考察

<正> 白蜡虫Ericerus pela Ghavannes是我国著名的资源昆虫。雄虫的分泌物——白蜡,是工业、医药上的重要原料,也是我国传统的出口商品。 从1964年起,我们在考察秦巴山区昆虫资源时,发现了白蜡虫。为了开发利用这一生物资源,我们先后用了11年时间完成对陕西白蜡虫的考察,现将结果整理如后。 地理分布 白蜡虫分布在陕西省南部的汉中、安康两个地区,分布范围是:东经106°16′—110°09′,北纬31°51′—33°26′。海拔高度为430—1500     

对大熊猫数量调查方法的一些探索

自七十年代以来,曾作过多次大熊猫的数量调查,由于它栖息地的特殊条件,进行准确的数量统计相当困难,为寻找并摸索对大熊猫的数量调查方法及其可靠性程度,尽量以最短路线,一次就能得到接近实际数量的目的,四川省林业厅保护处于1985年7—8月,组织四川和陕西等9个单位的科技人员,在北川县的片口乡和青片乡用实地调查与猎犬哄赶相结合的数量调查方法,互相验证,现将调查结果简报于后。一、方法选择北川县与平武、松潘、茂汶等县毗邻的片口乡竹林沟,即东经104°12′—104°15′,北纬32°10′—32°13′;青片乡上里里,东经103°45′—103°51′,北…     

白蚁

大多数人对白蚁是比较陌生的,因为它们的分布范围局限在热带亚热带地区(约在北纬23°30′—南纬23°30′之间);在寒带和寒温带地区白蚁算是稀客(北半球只有少数种类,如长头(?)属的某些种(Reticulitermes spp.)能达到北纬40°(亚洲)—52°(北美),而种群数量也相当少,所以白蚁是生物学上典型的热带生物;特别是各种形状奇离的白蚁塜(Termitaria),在热带非洲、澳洲、南美和印度-马来等地常成为地理景观上的特点。我国白蚁主要分布于华南和西南的某些热带边缘地区(两广与云南),也有部分种类,如台湾黑翅(?)(Odontotermes formosanus Shiraki)、台湾泌乳(?)(Cop     

胶东海岸的沙生植被

胶东半岛位于山东省东部,地处黄、渤海之滨,陆地海岸线全长1668.58km,占山东省陆地海岸线总长的一半以上。海岸地理位置约当北纬36°15′42″—38°24′00″,东经119°33′00″—122°42′18″之间,属暖温带生     

白水江自然保护区大熊猫调查初报

白水江自然保护区位于甘肃省文县。在东经104°17′—105°25′;北纬32°32′—32°50′之间。总面积198668公顷(核心区90358公顷,禁猎区108310公顷)。是我国以保护大熊猫     

塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地动物调查

1988—1990年笔者多次随物探和石油钻井队的飞机、车辆深入塔克拉玛干大沙漠中心地带(82°00′—84°00′E,38°30′—40°00′N,海拔1000—1200m)进行野生动物考察。共录得动物30余种。除去人类伴生种类和迁飞路过的种类,仅有8种是在沙漠中生存的动物。     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Entwicklungsgeschichte und Ultrastruktur von Pollenkitt und Exine bei nahe verwandten entomophilen und anemophilen Angiospermensippen derAlismataceae,Liliaceae, Juncaceae,Cyperaceae, Poaceae undAraceae

Some closely related members of the monocotyledonous familiesAlismataceae, Liliaceae, Juncaceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae andAraceae with variable modes of pollination (insect- and wind-pollination) were studied in relation to the ultrastructure of pollenkitt and exine (amount, consistency and distribution of pollenkitt on the surface of pollen grains). The character syndromes of pollen cementing in entomophilous, anemophilous and intermediate (ambophilous or amphiphilous) monocotyledons are the same in principal as in dicotyledons. Comparing present with former results one can summarize: 1) The pollenkitt is always produced in the same manner by the anther tapetum in all angiosperm sub-classes. 2) The variable stickiness of entomophilous and anemophilous pollen always depends on the particular distribution and consistency of the pollenkitt, but not its amount on the pollen surface. 3) The mostly dry and powdery pollen of anemophilous plants always contains a variable amount of inactive pollenkitt in its exine cavities. 4) A step-by step change of the pollen cementing syndrome can be observed from entomophily towards anemophily. 5) From the omnipresence of pollenkitt in all wind-pollinated angiosperms studied one can conclude that the ancestors of anemophilous angiosperms probably have been zoophilous (i.e. entomophilous) throughout.

     

Identification and Characterization of the First Equine Parainfluenza Virus 5

正Dear Editor,Parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5), known as canine parainfluenza virus in the veterinary field, is a negative-sense,nonsegmented, single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Paramyxoviridae family (Chen 2018). The virus was first reported in primary monkey kidney cells in 1954 (Hsiung1972), then it has been frequently discovered in various