利用响应面法优化固氮类芽孢杆菌Paenibacillus sp.1–49的发酵培养基（英文）北大核心CSCD

【目的】固氮类芽孢杆菌Paenibacillus sp.1–49是本实验室分离的具有潜在生物肥料价值的微生物菌剂。该菌在常见的培养基中不能高效生长(OD_(600)≤1)。本文拟优化发酵培养基成分以获得最大菌体生物量。【方法】运用响应面分析中的因素筛选实验设计和最陡爬坡实验以及中心复合设计法,对菌株的发酵培养基进行了响应面优化。【结果】利用响应面优化法最终确定了菌株最佳培养基:蔗糖36.22g/L,Tryptone 5.31 g/L,Yeast Extract 10.92 g/L,Mg SO_4 0.51 g/L,Na Cl 3.5 g/L,Na_2Mo O_4 0.02 g/L,FeS O_4 0.02 g/L。通过摇瓶发酵后菌体OD600=10.280,达到预测值的94.6%。【结论】利用响应面法成功地对Paenibacillus sp.1-49的发酵培养基进行了优化,为该菌株和其他类芽孢杆菌的大规模发酵提供了参考。     

枯草芽孢杆菌产β-1,3-1,4-葡聚糖酶的响应面优化

【目的】采用响应面法(RSM)优化枯草芽孢杆菌5 L发酵罐产β-1,3-1,4-葡聚糖酶的发酵条件。【方法】利用Box-Behnken设计和方差分析。【结果】获得最佳发酵条件为:转速、通气量和培养基pH分别为500 r/min、1.05 vvm和5.08,发酵时间仅为22 h产β-1,3-1,4-葡聚糖酶活力达2 294.4 U/mL。【结论】实验结果表明响应面法优化5 L发酵罐发酵产β-1,3-1,4-葡聚糖酶的条件合理可行。     

利用响应面法优化固氮类芽孢杆菌Paenibacillus sp.1–49的发酵培养基（英文）

【目的】固氮类芽孢杆菌Paenibacillus sp.1–49是本实验室分离的具有潜在生物肥料价值的微生物菌剂。该菌在常见的培养基中不能高效生长(OD_(600)≤1)。本文拟优化发酵培养基成分以获得最大菌体生物量。【方法】运用响应面分析中的因素筛选实验设计和最陡爬坡实验以及中心复合设计法,对菌株的发酵培养基进行了响应面优化。【结果】利用响应面优化法最终确定了菌株最佳培养基:蔗糖36.22g/L,Tryptone 5.31 g/L,Yeast Extract 10.92 g/L,Mg SO_4 0.51 g/L,Na Cl 3.5 g/L,Na_2Mo O_4 0.02 g/L,FeS O_4 0.02 g/L。通过摇瓶发酵后菌体OD600=10.280,达到预测值的94.6%。【结论】利用响应面法成功地对Paenibacillus sp.1-49的发酵培养基进行了优化,为该菌株和其他类芽孢杆菌的大规模发酵提供了参考。     

响应面法优化红球菌产生物表面活性剂的发酵条件

为提高红球菌SY095发酵产生物表面活性剂的产率,采用单因素实验、响应面法对其发酵条件进行优化。分别考察不同水平的温度、转速、初始p H及接种量对发酵液表面张力的影响,在此基础上,利用Design Expert 8.06软件设计Box-Behnken实验对发酵温度、转速、初始p H进行响应面优化并建立二次回归模型,最终确定发酵条件:温度29.5℃,转速158 r/min,初始p H 7.42。此优化条件下,发酵液的实际表面张力为29.854 m N/m,表面活性剂产量3.31 g/L。在70 L发酵罐上放大培养,生物表面活性剂产量达9.28 g/L,为摇瓶培养的2.8倍。     

响应面法优化枯草芽孢杆菌产脂肪酶的合成培养基

对枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)CICC20034利用合成培养基液体发酵产脂肪酶的条件进行了优化。首先采用单因子实验筛选出最适诱导剂为三丁酸甘油酯,氮源为尿素,碳源为葡萄糖,无机盐为MgSO4。在此基础上,利用Plackett-Burman设计对影响产酶因素的效应进行评价,筛选出具有显著效应的三丁酸甘油酯、尿素、KH2PO4和培养基起始pH值4个最显著的因素。用最陡爬坡路径逼近最大产酶区域后,利用响应面中心组合设计对显著因素进行优化,获得最适合成培养基组分为:葡萄糖8g/L,尿素8.57g/L,三丁酸甘油酯2.62%,KH2PO42.59g/L,MgSO4.7H2O0.5g/L,TritonX-1000.5g/L,pH9.47。优化后的B.subtilis CICC 20034胞外脂肪酶活力达0.483U/ml,比初始酶活力0.072U/ml提高了6.7倍。     

玉米原料高产γ-聚谷氨酸优良菌株的选育及发酵条件优化

以实验室筛选到的一株枯草芽孢杆菌（Bacillus subtilis）B-1为出发菌株,采用紫外诱变技术对出发菌株进行反复诱变,得到一株能够利用玉米原料生产γ-聚谷氨酸的优良高产菌株B-115,摇瓶发酵γ-聚谷氨酸的产量由原菌株的12.5g/L提高到19.5g/L。再以该菌株为研究对象利用响应面法进行碳源、氮源、谷氨酸钠、金属离子等发酵条件的优化实验,经48h摇瓶发酵,γ-聚谷氨酸产量达到40.98g/ L。     

“一锅双酶”法制备L-天冬氨酸的工艺条件优化

L-天冬氨酸作为一种大宗氨基酸产品,在医药、食品和化工等方面有着广泛的用途。笔者所在实验室成员前期已经构建1株含有顺丁烯二酸异构酶与L-天冬氨酸氨基裂解酶、且可直接将顺丁烯二酸铵转化成L-天冬氨酸铵的工程菌,对其培养基、发酵条件以及制备条件进行优化。得到的优化发酵培养基:蛋白胨20 g/L,酵母浸粉5g/L,Na Cl 1.45 g/L,富马酸10 g/L,NH4NO38 g/L,乳糖6 g/L,氨水调节pH至7.5。最佳发酵培养条件:发酵罐的转速150 r/min,通气量1.5 L/min,最佳的接种量0.5%(体积分数)。通过发酵罐对优化后的培养基进行扩大培养,得出1 L发酵液可以转化1 kg顺丁烯二酸铵,优化后相同培养体积的菌体转化的底物量提高了1倍。为实现"一锅双酶"法制备L-天冬氨酸工艺的规模放大奠定了基础。     

解淀粉芽孢杆菌产凝乳酶发酵优化

对实验室前期筛选到的一株解淀粉芽孢杆菌Bacillus amyloliquefaciens JNU002进行培养基和培养条件优化。单因素实验确定最佳碳源为乳糖,除麸皮外,其他氮源对产酶无明显促进作用,KH2PO4和Ca CO3等对产酶有促进作用。通过正交试验确定最佳培养基成分为麸皮16 g/L、乳糖10 g/L、KH2PO41 g/L、Ca CO31 g/L,其中麸皮对解淀粉芽孢杆菌产凝乳酶影响较大。在发酵温度37℃、种子液培养时间18 h、接种量0.5%、500 m L摇瓶装液量100m L时,较适宜解淀粉芽孢杆菌产凝乳酶。优化后解淀粉芽孢杆菌产凝乳酶活力达到12 766 SU/m L,比优化前提高了3.5倍。     

紫色红曲霉Mp-24高产Monacolin K发酵工艺响应面优化

将单因素实验结果与响应面法相结合,对高产Monacolin K的紫色红曲霉Mp-24菌株进行发酵工艺条件优化。通过摇瓶发酵对碳源、氮源、碳源含量、氮源含量、培养时间等进行单因素优化,确定Mp-24菌株摇瓶发酵适宜条件：乳糖为碳源、酵母膏为氮源、碳源含量7%、氮源含量2%、培养时间12 d,Monacolin K产量为167 mg/L。应用Box-Behnken中心组合试验设计建立数学模型,进行响应面分析优化发酵条件,结果显示最佳发酵工艺条件为：碳源(乳糖)8%,氮源(酵母膏)3%,培养时间11 d,在此条件下Monacolin K的含量达到247.8 mg/L,比优化前提高1.5倍。     

南极细菌Pseudoalteromonas sp.3-3-1-2产胞外多糖条件优化

利用单因子试验和响应面法对南极细菌Pseudoalteromonas sp.3-3-1-2产胞外多糖条件进行了优化。通过单因子试验确定菌株3-3-1-2产胞外多糖的最佳碳源和氮源分别为蔗糖和KNO3,其最佳添加量分别为40 g/L和10 g/L;最适培养温度为15.0℃;最佳培养基盐度和初始p H分别为4.5%和9;并确定了对产糖有显著影响的单因素——碳源(蔗糖)、氮源(KNO3)和温度。通过Box-Behnken进行试验设计和Design-Expert响应面软件分析,得到了菌株3-3-1-2产胞外多糖发酵条件的优化条件:蔗糖43.1 g/L、KNO39.6 g/L和温度17.2℃。在此优化条件下,菌株3-3-1-2发酵液的粗胞外多糖产量可达3.03 g/L。     

Rhamnolipid production with indigenous Pseudomonas aeruginosa EM1 isolated from oil-contaminated site

Rhamnolipid is one of the most effective and commonly used biosurfactant with wide industrial applications. Systematic strategies were applied to improve rhamnolipid (RL) production with a newly isolated indigenous strain Pseudomonas aeruginosa EM1 originating from an oil-contaminated site located in southern Taiwan. Seven carbon substrates and four nitrogen sources were examined for their effects on RL production. In addition, the effect of carbon to nitrogen (C/N) ratio on RL production was also studied. Single-factor experiments show that the most favorable carbon sources for RL production were glucose and glycerol (both at 40 g/L), giving a RL yield of 7.5 and 4.9 g/L, respectively. Meanwhile, sodium nitrate appeared to be the preferable nitrogen source, resulting in a RL production of 8.6g/L. Using NaNO(3) as the nitrogen source, an optimal C/N ratio of 26 and 52 was obtained for glucose- and glycerol-based culture, respectively. To further optimize the composition of fermentation medium, twenty experiments were designed by response surface methodology (RSM) to explore the favorable concentration of three critical components in the medium (i.e., glucose, glycerol, and NaNO(3)). The RSM analysis gave an optimal concentration of 30.5, 18.1, and 4.9 g/L for glucose, glycerol, and NaNO(3), respectively, predicting a maximum RL yield of 12.6 g/L, which is 47% higher than the best yield (8.6 g/L) obtained from preliminary selection tests and single factor experiments (glucose and NaNO(3) as the carbon and nitrogen source). The NMR and mass spectrometry analysis show that the purified RL product contained L-rhamnosyl-beta-hydroxydecanoyl-beta-hydroxydecanoate (RL1) and L-rhamnosyl L-rhamnosyl-beta-hydroxydecanoyl-beta-hydroxydecanoate (RL2). Meanwhile, HPLC analysis indicates that the molar ratio of RL1 and RL2 in the purified rhamnolipid product was ca. 1:1.     

重组Bacillus subtilis产B.stearothermophilus环糊精葡萄糖基转移酶的发酵优化

利用本研究室已构建的重组菌Bacillus subtilis/pBSMuL3-α/β-CGTase对产B.stearothermophilus环糊精葡萄糖基转移酶的发酵产酶进行了优化,考察了培养基中重要成分:碳源、有机氮源、无机氮源、有机与无机氮源质量比、碳源与氮质量比、金属离子种类等单因素对该重组菌产α/β-CGTase的影响,并采用正交实验对发酵培养基进行优化,对优化结果分析可知,重组菌B.subtilis/pBSMuL3-α/β-CGTase发酵产α/β-CGTase的最优培养基成本为:葡萄糖5 g/L,氮源(鱼骨蛋白胨∶NH4Cl=3∶1)25 g/L,1 mmol/L Mg^2+。在最优条件下发酵培养,α/β-CGTase的酶活由原来TB发酵培养基的9.20 U/mL提高至20.32 U/mL,是优化前酶活的2.2倍,为α/β-环糊精葡萄糖基转移酶的工业应用提供了理论支持。     

正交实验优选光合细菌混合菌群产氢的最佳条件

对光合细菌混合菌群产氢影响因子进行了实验研究。通过单因素实验和正交实验, 系统考察了碳源、氮源、碳源浓度、氮源浓度、初始pH值、光照方式、接种量等因素对产氢量的影响, 实验得出最佳工艺条件为: 采用3号菌群, 碳源为葡萄糖, 碳源浓度为3 g/L, 氮源为尿素, 氮源浓度为9 g/L, 接种量为10%, pH值为8.5, 光照方式为12 h光照-12 h黑暗交替光照, 培养温度为30°C。菌种、碳源、碳源浓度、氮源是影响产氢量的重要因素。     

Effect of chemical and physical parameters on the production of L-asparaginase from a newly isolated Serratia marcescens SK-07

Aims: The objective of this study is to optimize the levels of carbon and nitrogen sources of the medium in shake flask experiments and evaluate the effect of pH and dissolved oxygen (DO) on the production of l ‐asparaginase from a newly isolated Serratia marcescens SK‐07 in a batch bioreactor. Methods and Results: Central composite rotatable design (CCRD) was applied to optimize the levels of carbon and nitrogen sources of the medium in shake flask experiments. The optimal levels of l ‐asparagine, glucose, yeast extract and peptone were found to be 4·93, 3·81, 3·65 and 1·47 g l^?1, respectively, and maximal l ‐asparaginase production of 25·02 U mg^?1 was obtained under these conditions. Among the carbon sources tested, l ‐asparagine was identified to be the most favourable carbon source for enhanced production of l ‐asparaginase. The maximum l ‐asparaginase production of 29·89 U mg^?1 was achieved in a batch bioreactor at initial pH of 6·5 (uncontrolled) and DO level of 40% in the culture. Conclusions: We have isolated, screened and identified the potential micro‐organism, S. marcescens, for the production of l ‐asparaginase. An overall 5·55‐fold increase in the production was achieved under optimal levels of carbon and nitrogen sources, DO level and at initial pH of 6·5 (uncontrolled). Significance and Impact of the Study: The experiments illustrate the importance of statistical method for optimization of carbon and nitrogen sources and study the effect of physical process parameters on the production of l ‐asparaginase in shake flask and bioreactor, respectively. This study would be helpful for bioprocess development of bacterial l ‐asparaginase production.     

Influence of cultivation conditions on production of lignocellulolytic enzymes by Ceriporiopsis subvermispora

The aim of this work was to make a survey describing factors that influence the production of extracellular enzymes by white-rot fungus Ceriporiopsis subvermispora responsible for the degradation of lignocellulolytic materials. These factors were: carbon sources (glucose, cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, maltose and starch), nitrogen sources (ammonium sulphate, potassium nitrate, urea, albumin and peptone), pH, temperature and addition of three different concentrations of Cu²⁺ and Mn²⁺. The cellulase and xylanase activities were similar in medium with different carbon sources and the highest cellulase and xylanase activities were measured in medium with urea and potassium nitrate as nitrogen sources, respectively. The highest laccase activity was observed in medium with lignin and peptone as carbon and nitrogen sources. In other experiments, time course of production of lignocellulolytic enzymes by white-rot fungus C. subvermispora in medium with lignin or glucose as carbon sources was observed.     

根霉12号固体发酵产生纤溶酶工艺条件的研究*

研究了根霉12号固体发酵产生纤溶酶的工艺条件。采用单因素试验、均匀设计方法对固体发酵培养基的碳源、氮源、碳氮比、初始pH、加水量、无机盐加量进行了优化;采用正交试验对发酵时间、接种量进行了研究。结果表明,实验范围内根霉12固体发酵产纤溶酶的适宜培养基组成为:麸皮∶豆粕=1∶2,初始pH5.0,加水量0.75ml/g物料, MnSO4H2O和 (NH4)2SO4加量分别为0.25%和 1.42%(对物料)。适宜培养条件为接种量107个孢子/g物料,培养时间72h。优化条件下的纤溶酶产量平均达791.81u/g物料。     

不同碳、氮营养对球孢白僵菌生物学特性和抑菌活性的影响

研究了不同碳营养和氮营养对球孢白僵菌菌丝生长、分生孢子产生量、菌丝生物量及其次生代谢产物的抑菌活性.结果表明,球孢白僵菌对单糖、双糖、多糖等碳营养及有机氮和无机氮等氮营养均能够利用,但利用程度存在一定差异.其中,球孢白僵菌的菌丝生长以白砂糖和蛋白胨最快,以甘露醇和硫酸铵最慢;分生孢子产生量以白砂糖和硝酸钾最多,以甘露醇...     

施氮对不同有机碳水平桉树林土壤微生物群落碳代谢的影响

土壤微生物群落碳代谢功能既受土壤氮素水平的影响,也与土壤有机碳水平密切相关,但二者如何共同影响土壤微生物群落碳代谢功能的研究尚不多见。以我国南方广泛种植的桉树林为对象,采用野外控制实验比较研究了4种施氮处理(对照:0kg/hm2,低氮:84.2 kg/hm2,中氮:166.8 kg/hm2,高氮:333.7 kg/hm2)对有机碳水平差异显著的两桉树林样地土壤微生物群落碳代谢功能的影响,结果表明:(1)两种有机碳水平桉树林土壤微生物群落碳代谢强度和代谢碳源丰富度显著不同,高有机碳水平桉树林土壤微生物群落碳代谢强度和代谢碳源丰富度显著高于低有机碳水平桉树林(P0.01);(2)施氮显著改变了桉树林土壤微生物群落的碳代谢强度和代谢碳源丰富度(P0.05),随着施氮水平的升高,土壤微生物群落碳代谢强度和代谢碳源丰富度均呈现先增加后降低的变化规律,但是高、低有机碳水平桉树林土壤微生物群落碳代谢强度和代谢碳源丰富度对施氮梯度的响应各不相同,高、低有机碳水平桉树林的土壤微生物群落碳代谢指标分别在中氮、低氮处理中达到最高值;(3)施氮影响土壤微生物群落代谢的碳源类型主要是碳水化合物类、氨基酸类和羧酸类,土壤微生物生物量是影响土壤微生物碳代谢强度和代谢碳源丰富度的重要因素。由此可知,施氮对土壤微生物碳代谢功能影响,也与土壤本底中有机碳水平的调节有关,所以在研究土壤微生物群落对施氮等条件的响应时,不能忽略土壤中有机碳水平。     

簇生沿丝伞的生物学特性

文中以对采自山东省的子实体进行组织分离获取的菌株作为试验材料,对其生物学特性进行研究,对温度、pH、碳源、氮源4个因素进行单因素试验。温度组选取15,20,25,30,35℃5个梯度,pH组选取pH5,6,7,8这4个梯度,碳源组选取葡萄糖、蔗糖、麦芽糖、可溶性淀粉、乳糖、果糖6种,氮源组选取酵母膏、蛋白胨、硫酸铵、牛肉膏、黄豆粉、亚硝酸钠6种,进行单因素试验。根据菌丝在培养皿中的日均生长速度和生长势综合比较,分别选取4个因素中最优的3个,温度组选取20,25,30℃;pH组选取pH 5,6,7;碳源组选取葡萄糖、蔗糖和麦芽糖;氮源组选取蛋白胨、牛肉膏、硫酸铵。然后通过4因素3水平的正交试验,结果表明:4种因子对簇生沿丝伞的影响程度为温度>氮源>碳源>pH,各因素之间呈极显著差异,最终得出该菌菌丝生长的最佳培养条件为温度20℃,pH 5,碳源为蔗糖,氮源为牛肉膏。