附子多糖FⅠ的分离纯化及部分理化性质研究

白附片经热水抽提、Sevag法脱蛋白、乙醇沉淀、DEAE-C32柱层析分离,再通过Sephadex G-200柱层析进一步纯化,得到一种纯白色粉末状多糖,糖含量为97%,平均分子量为2.6×105,熔点为270℃.经完全酸水解、薄层层析、红外光谱分析,证明为葡聚糖.     

猴头多糖分离纯化的初步研究

目的：确定适合于猴头多糖分离纯化的方法。方法：以液体发酵生产的猴头菌丝为材料,提取猴头菌丝多糖进行分离纯化,以得到多糖纯品。结果：猴头菌丝粗多糖采用Sevag法除蛋白的次数应该控制在5-8次,而且Sevag法除蛋白所得的HMP,经DEAE-纤维素柱层析初步纯化,多糖主要分布在蒸馏水洗脱部分,命名为HMPⅠ,其含量为67.5%;HMPⅠ经Sephadex G-100凝胶柱层析纯化,得到两个组分：HMPⅠa、HMPⅠb;HMPⅠa为多糖主要组分,含量为71.8%;HMPⅠa经纯度鉴定为多糖纯品。结论：DEAE-纤维素柱层析结合Sephadex G-100凝胶柱层析的纯化方法,可以获得猴头多糖纯品。     

附子多糖FI的分离纯化及部分理化性质研究

白附片经热水抽提、Sevag法脱蛋白、乙醇沉淀、DEAE- C32柱层析分离 ,再通过 Sephadex G- 2 0 0柱层析进一步纯化 ,得到一种纯白色粉末状多糖 ,糖含量为 97% ,平均分子量为 2 .6× 10 5,熔点为 2 70℃。经完全酸水解、薄层层析、红外光谱分析 ,证明为葡聚糖。     

金针菇深层发酵菌丝体中水溶性多糖的提取条件的研究

本文研究了食用菌深层发酵金针菇菌丝体多糖的提取条件。实验表明,在加水比为１：６,沸水提取４小时,进行三次抽提后,用４倍乙醇沉淀所获粗多糖得率最高。粗多糖经脱色去蛋白后以７０％（Ｖ／Ｖ）乙醇分级可获得最高级分精制多糖。     

仙草多糖的分离纯化及鉴定

仙草(Mesona Chiliensis Benth)是我国的一种民间草药。用0.5％NaHCO_3抽提,乙醇沉淀得到了仙草多糖的粗品。经过H_2O_2脱色处理,Sephadex G-75柱层析和硫酸—苯酚法收集单一峰部分,得到仙草多糖纯品(简称MCPS),薄层层析、凝胶电泳和醋纤薄膜电泳证明其为均一性多糖。红外光谱扫描表明,它具有典型的多糖吸收峰。HPLC法测得相对分子量为4.3×10~4,经薄层层析确定MCPS的单糖组成为葡萄糖、半乳糖、阿拉伯糖、木糖、鼠李糖,半乳糖醛酸及一种未知单糖。药理实验表明,它具有免疫促进作用与抑瘤效应。     

视黄醇结合蛋白的分离纯化及其抗血清的制备

建立了经硫酸铵分级、DEAE-Sephadex A25柱、Sephadex G200柱、Ultrogel ACA44柱和 Sephadex G100柱层析分离纯化人血浆视黄醇结合蛋白的方法.经SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳鉴定,其纯度达到电泳纯.以此电泳纯的视黄醇结合蛋白免疫家兔得到了高效价的抗血清.     

裂褶菌胞内多糖的分离纯化鉴定及其性质

裂褶菌菌丝体用热水提取,乙醇沉淀,Sevag法脱蛋白,逆向流水透析,得胞内多糖粗品,经Sephadex A-50、Sephadex G-200柱层析纯化,得胞内多糖纯品,称SPG。纯度经纸层析、Sephadex G-200柱层析、高效液相色谱分析、聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳测定,结果表明SPG为单一均匀组分。 SPG水解物经纸层析、薄层层析分析证实它是由葡萄糖组成的一种葡聚糖结构,SPG的部分水解、酶解、红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱分析表明具有β(1→3),β(1→6)糖苷键。凝胶过滤法测定SPG的分子量约为10万。     

猴头菌子实体和菌丝体多糖的分离纯化与理化特征的比较

人工栽培的猴头菌子实体和固体培养的菌丝体分别经热水提取,浓缩、醇析后得子实体粗多糖（HFP）和菌丝体粗多糖（HMP）,HFP的得率和多糖含量均高于HMP;两者再经透析、Sevag法脱蛋白、乙醇分级沉淀、SephadexG-100柱层析纯化,得子实体纯多糖hfp-1和菌丝体纯多糖hmp-2,经HPLC检测hfp-1和hmp-2为单一均匀多糖,气相色谱分析表明hfp-1的单糖组成为阿拉伯糖、甘露糖、半乳糖和葡萄糖,摩尔比为：0.12:0.04:1.00:0.71;hmp-2的单糖组成为阿拉伯糖、木糖、甘露糖、半乳糖和葡萄糖,磨尔比为：0.25:0.41:0.31:1.00:0.29。紫外光谱分析表明组成中不含核酸和蛋白质,红外光谱分析二者均有多糖特征吸收峰,hfp-1有β-型连接的吸收峰,hmp-2无明显的β-型连接的吸收峰;经HPLC进行分子量测定,hfp-1的分子量为54000,hmp-2的分子量为68000,猴头菌子实体多糖和菌丝体多糖在化学组成上有一定的差异。     

马来眼子菜多糖的提取纯化及组成性质

本文通过正交实验研究马来眼子菜多糖的提取工艺,并初步研究其组成性质.采用热水提取马来眼子菜多糖(Potamogeton malaianus polysaecharide PMPS),经乙醇沉淀,活性碳脱色,Sevage法去蛋白,DEAE-Cellulose离子交换和Sephadex G-25柱层析纯化,电泳鉴定纯度和纸层析分析其组成.确定最佳提取条件为加10倍体积的水,80℃提取3 h,所得二个多糖电泳均为单一组分,层析证明马来眼子菜多糖I(PMPS I)由D-果糖和D-木糖组成,马来眼子菜多糖Ⅱ(PMPSⅡ)则含有D-葡萄糖、D-果糖和另一未知单糖成分.     

桔梗多糖提取、分离纯化以及生物活性研究

本研究以桔梗为原料,研究了桔梗多糖的分离、纯化和体内抗氧化性,采用水提醇沉、脱蛋白脱色、Sephadex G-25和Sephadex G-100分离纯化桔梗多糖,以抗坏血酸作为阳性对照,采用邻二氮菲法、ABTS+自由基清除、铁还原性、·OH自由基清除法和1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl,DPPH)研究粗多糖和纯化后的多糖的体外抗氧化性。结果表明:纯多糖和粗多糖都具有较好的抗氧化效果,纯多糖在ABTS+、·OH和DPPH自由基清除性能上要优于粗多糖,还原性和铁离子螯合活性略低于粗多糖,样品的抗氧化能力与样品的浓度呈正相关。本研究表明桔梗纯多糖是天然的抗氧化剂的潜在资源,为桔梗多糖功能性食品的开发提供了理论依据。     

六种藓类植物茎的比较解剖学研究

通过对6种藓类植物,即褶叶青藓(Brachythecium salebrosum(Web.et Mohr.)B.S.G.)、湿地匐灯藓(Plagiomnium acutum(Lindb.)Kop.)、侧枝匐灯藓(Plagiomnium maximoviczii(Lindb.)Kop.)、大凤尾藓(Fissidensnobilis Griff.)、大羽藓(Thuidium cymbifolium(Doz.et Molk.)B.S.G.)和大灰藓(Hypnum plumaeforme Wils.)嫩茎和老茎的石蜡切片和显微观察发现,同一藓类植株的嫩茎和老茎,茎结构稳定,不同种藓类植物茎横切面具有不同特征.植物体茎横切面形状、表层细胞的层数、细胞大小和细胞壁厚薄、皮层细胞大小和形状、中轴的有无以及比例等特征可以作为藓类植物的分科分类依据之一.     

Photoregulation of seed germination of wild-type and of an aurea-mutant of tomato

Seed germination of an aurea mutant of tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is promoted by continuous irradiation with red, far-red or long-wavelength far-red (758 nm) light as well as by cyclic irradiations (5 min red or 5 min far-red/25 min darkness). Far-red light applied immediately after each red does not change the germination behaviour. Seed germination of the isogenic wild-type, cv. UC-105, is promoted by continuous and cyclic red light while it is inhibited by continuous and cyclic far-red light and by continious 758 nm irradiation. Far-red irradiation reverses almost completely the promoting effect of red light. The promoting effect (in the aurea mutant) and the inhibitory effect (in the wild-type) of continuous far-red light do not show photon fluence rate dependency above 20 nmol m⁻² s⁻¹. It is concluded that phytochrome controls tomato seed germination throgh low energy responses in both the wild type and the au mutant. The promoting effect of continuous and cyclic far-red light in the au mutant can be attributed to a greater sensitivity to P_fr.     

真菌类遗传学分析的知识结构教学

本文以认知结构理论为指导,讨论了真菌类遗传分析与高等动植物遗传分析的内在联系,认为利用这种内在联系进行教学可收到好的效果并说明了作者的具体教学过程。 Abstract:In the paper, the relationship between genetic analysis of Fungi and genetic analysis of high animal and plant was discussed.A good results were obtained when we adopted this method in the teaching.     

Cause of Senescence of Nine Sorts of Flowers

The levels of endogenous phytohormones and respiratory rate in nine sorts of flowers such as Cymbidium faberi Rolfe, Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth and others were investigated both at full bloom and senescence and meanwhile the effect of exogenous phytohormones on prolonging the blossoms and promoting ethylene production were tested. There is a high content of endogenous ethylene in all the long-lived flowere, about 3–16 folds higer than the short-lived ones. There is a high level of ABA at full blooming flowers of short-lived flowers, in which there is no or only some cytokinins in it, but the ratio of CTK (6BA+zeatin)/ABA is smaller(l.7). The endogenous ABA reached a much higher level at senescence in all nine sorts of flowers, so it is reasonable to consider that it is ABA which plays an important role of regulation in controlling flower's senescence. There is a much higher level of GA3 and zeatin in the long-lived flowers which is not demonstrated in the shortlived ones. The respiratory rate is one of the factors controtling the longevity of flowers, but it does not play a decided role. Application of 6BA and zeatin prolongs distinctly orchid’s longevity, however exogenous IAA through the promotive action on ethylene production, evidently extends the longevity of the flowers of the Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth.     

龙胆科药用植物化学成分的研究现状

龙胆科植物在我国的分布范围很广,且多数为药用植物,其多数种属的药用植物,至今其化学成分尚未被系统研究。综述了目前龙胆科药用植物的化学成分的研究现状及一般提取方法,对近年来发现的环烯醚萜及裂环烯醚萜类化合物进行了总结,为本科药用植物的更深入研究提供了参考。     

Interconnection of parameters of regulation system of lipid peroxidation and of morphophysiological parameters of mouse liver

A complex analysis of seasonal fluctuations of the mean group parameters of the system of regulation of lipid peroxidation has been performed in liver of Balb/c mice. Association of lipid characteristics and morphophysiological parameters is studied in the Balb/c mouse liver. An inter-connection is revealed between the liver index and the amount of lysoforms of phospholipids, the scale and character of the interconnection differing essentially depending on proportion of phos-phatidylcholine in mouse liver phospholipids.     

Time of detection of recessive genes: effects of system of mating and number of examined individuals

Summary Anthers were cultured from two sets of seven lines of hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) with different cytoplasms, the euplasmic nucleus donors, Siete Cerros 66 and Penjamo 62, as well as their six alloplasmic lines derived from wild relative species of the genera Triticum and Aegilops. Significant cytoplasmic and nuclear effects but no cytoplasmic-nuclear interaction were found for embryogenic anther response, with the best performance of Penjamo 62 in Ae. kotschyi cytoplasm. Plant regeneration was not affected significantly by the cytoplasmic background of the lines cultured. The possible genetic implications of the observed cytoplasmic and nuclear influences on the in vitro haploid induction of wheat are discussed.