褐飞虱V-ATPase d亚基基因的克隆与mRNA表达分析

液泡型H+-ATPase(V-ATPase)在昆虫生长发育过程中具有重要作用。本文通过RT-PCR获得褐飞虱Nilaparvata lugens(Stl)V-ATPase d亚基基因NlVHA-d的cDNA序列,并通过实时荧光定量PCR对NlVHA-d基因的表达进行了分析。结果表明,NlVHA-d基因编码349个氨基酸,不同昆虫V-ATPase d亚基高度保守。NlVHA-d基因在褐飞虱2龄若虫中表达量最高,雌虫表达量显著高于雄虫表达量。LD10和LD30三唑磷处理的羽化3 d短翅雄虫NlVHA-d基因相对表达倍数分别是丙酮处理的2.15和2.46倍。亚致死剂量三唑磷处理褐飞虱短翅雄虫NlVHA-d基因的表达上调可能与褐飞虱再猖獗相关。     

瓜实蝇嗅觉受体基因的克隆及表达谱分析

昆虫的嗅觉受体是一个高度变异的蛋白家族, 其中一类Or83b嗅觉受体在不同昆虫体内高度保守, 在昆虫的行为调控过程中起到十分重要的作用。为进一步探讨Or83b受体的功能, 本研究利用RT-PCR和RACE方法克隆获得瓜实蝇Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett) Or83b-like受体的全长cDNA序列, 命名为BcucOr83b-like（GenBank登录号： HM745934）。测序结果表明, BcucOr83b-like开放阅读框全长1 422 bp,编码473个氨基酸残基。氨基酸序列比对表明, 此序列具有Or83b受体的典型特征, 序列中具有7个跨膜区和高度保守的C端区域。BcucOr83b-like与其他昆虫的Or83b具有较高的氨基酸序列一致性, 其中与桔小实蝇Bactrocera dorsalis（Hendel）Or83b的序列一致性高达99.6%。对该基因在瓜实蝇成虫不同组织和发育时期表达量的荧光定量PCR分析表明, BcucOr83b-like主要在瓜实蝇成虫触角中表达, 头部（去除触角）、 雌虫前足和翅中也有较高的表达; 瓜实蝇在各个发育时期的表达水平不同, 在刚羽化雌成虫中的表达量最高。本研究为深入研究瓜实蝇Or83b受体的功能提供了理论依据。     

棉铃虫P450基因HarmCYP9A33的克隆、 序列分析及原核表达

夜间活动昆虫如夜蛾类主要通过嗅觉来寻找配偶、 寄主植物和产卵场所, 是研究昆虫嗅觉分子机制的理想材料。P450为多功能单加氧酶, 在昆虫对各种内源与外源物质的代谢中起重要作用。为研究P450在昆虫嗅觉中的作用, 本研究采用RT-PCR和RACE技术, 从夜蛾科昆虫棉铃虫Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner)雄蛾触角中扩增得到一条全长1 772 bp的P450基因, 命名为HarmCYP9A33 (GenBank登录号为JX486677)。序列分析表明, HarmCYP9A33开放阅读框全长1 590 bp, 编码529个氨基酸残基, 预测蛋白质分子量和等电点分别为61. 62 kD和7. 97; HarmCYP9A33与甘蓝夜蛾Mamestra brassicae触角毛形感器中高表达的MbraCYP9A13蛋白的氨基酸序列一致性最高, 达75%, 蛋白二级结构相似, 6个底物识别位点(substrate recognition sites, SRSs)序列一致性达61%, 其中底物与酶结合通道开关Ⅰ螺旋中SRS4序列完全相同, 与棉铃虫CYP9A亚家族蛋白有一定的结构相似性。Real-time PCR检测表明, HarmCYP9A33在雌、 雄蛾各组织中均有表达, 以腹部表达量最高, 其次为头部; 在卵至成虫各个时期也均表达, 以蛹中表达量最高; 在触角中的表达量随羽化时间而变化, 且多高于卵和幼虫中的表达量。SDS-PAGE检测和Western blot鉴定表明HarmCYP9A33体外融合表达成功。本研究为深入探讨该基因在棉铃虫触角感器细胞中的定位及其生物学功能奠定了基础。     

岩原鲤促性腺激素基因的克隆和组织表达差异

通过RT-PCR技术从岩原鲤(Procypris rabaudi)卵巢组织中克隆了促性腺激素GtHα、FSHβ、LHβ3个亚基的mRNA序列。GtHα亚基开放阅读框长357 bp,编码118个氨基酸残基,第1～23个氨基酸为信号肽。FSHβ亚基开放阅读框长393 bp,编码130个氨基酸残基,第1～22个氨基酸为信号肽。LHβ亚基开放阅读框长444 bp,编码147个氨基酸残基,第1～28个氨基酸为信号肽。氨基酸序列比对结果表明,GtHα亚基在近缘物种间比较保守,其氨基酸序列的相似性要高于FSHβ和LHβ亚基。通过Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR(FQ-PCR)分析发现,GtHα亚基在检测的6种组织中均有表达,卵巢中的表达量极高,肝、脑、心、垂体和肌肉中表达量依次降低;FSHβ亚基在除肌肉外的其余5种组织中均有表达,卵巢中的表达量最高,脑和心中表达量次之,肝和垂体的表达量明显偏低;LHβ亚基只在卵巢和垂体中表达,卵巢中的表达量要明显高于垂体。     

向日葵V-ATPasea3亚基基因的克隆及表达分析

采用RACE技术,从向日葵P50中克隆V-ATPase a3亚基基因c DNA全长,并进行生物信息学分析;利用实时荧光定量PCR分析不同浓度、不同时间的Na Cl、ABA和PEG模拟干旱胁迫条件下V-ATPase a3亚基基因的表达特征,以及相同胁迫条件下该基因在向日葵不同器官的表达特征。序列分析表明,该基因c DNA全长2 873bp,含5'-UTR 109bp、3'-UTR 295bp及编码区2 469bp,编码822个氨基酸,其编码蛋白质的理论分子质量为204.55k Da,等电点为6.29,Gen Bank登录号为KU315054。该基因编码的蛋白质为疏水性的跨膜蛋白,亚细胞定位预测其在质膜上。向日葵V-ATPase a3亚基与已报道的10种植物的V-ATPase a3亚基的同源蛋白有高度相似的保守区域,在进化上与朝鲜蓟的亲缘关系最近。实时荧光定量PCR结果表明,向日葵受到Na Cl、ABA和PEG模拟干旱三种非生物胁迫后,V-ATPase a3亚基基因均上调表达,但表达模式不同,不同器官存在特异性表达差异。研究认为,V-ATPase a3亚基基因响应了向日葵非生物胁迫的应答,为加强对V-ATPase基因的利用奠定基础。     

烟夜蛾谷胱甘肽S-转移酶基因的克隆、序列分析与表达

为探明谷胱甘肽S-转移酶（GSTs）在昆虫嗅觉识别中的作用, 本研究采用RT-PCR和RACE方法, 从烟夜蛾Helicoverpa assulta（Guenée）雄虫触角中克隆获得了1个GSTs基因的全长cDNA序列（GenBank登录号为EU289223）。将该基因推导的氨基酸序列与其他物种的GSTs进行同源性比对和系统发育分析, 发现该蛋白属于昆虫特异性Epsilon家族成员, 因此将该基因命名为HaGSTe1。同时从烟夜蛾基因组DNA中克隆获得了该基因序列, 发现序列中含有5个内含子, 长度分别为415,513,296,333和269 bp。利用半定量RT-PCR和实时荧光定量PCR方法对HaGSTe1在雌、 雄虫不同组织的表达进行了定性和定量分析, 结果显示, 该基因在雌、 雄虫的头部（去掉触角和喙）、触角、喙、胸、足、翅以及雌虫的腹部均有表达, 并且在雄虫触角中的表达量最高, 且显著高于雌虫触角, 这种表达情况提示其可能与触角中性信息素及其他外源物质的分解有关。     

水稻液泡ATPase B亚基基因的克隆及其在低磷胁迫下的表达特征分析

利用抑制性扣除杂交（SSH）技术构建水稻（Oryza sativa L.）根系饥饿诱导cDNA文库,获得编码液泡ATPase（V-ATPase）B亚基的克隆,通过反转录PCR方法获得该基因的完整序列。该基因编码487个氨基酸,含有一个保守的ATP结合位点,其蛋白分子量为54.06kD,等电点为4.99。Southern印迹表明,V-ATPase B亚基基因在水稻基因组中以单拷贝形式存在。氮基酸同源性分析发现,V-ATPase B亚基是一个较为保守的蛋白亚基,其序列变化伴随生物的进化过程同步进行。Northern印迹表明,V-ATPase B亚基在水稻根系中受到磷饥饿诱导表达,磷饥饿6～12h出现表达高峰,而在叶片中表达有所滞后（24～48h）,在缺磷环境条件下,ATPase B亚基可能通过提高其表达量,进而提高质子转运活性,形成跨膜的电化学梯度,为体内储备磷跨液泡膜运输提供能量,从而提高植物体内磷的利用效率及其耐低磷的能力。     

荔枝蒂蛀虫信息素结合蛋白基因序列及表达分析

【目的】获得荔枝蒂蛀虫Conopomorpha sinensis 3个信息素结合蛋白(PBP)基因的全长序列,并分析序列和表达特征,为更好地利用性信息素防治该虫提供必要的基础。【方法】提取荔枝蒂蛀虫触角总RNA,利用转录组测序结果和RACE-PCR技术获得3个PBP基因的全长序列;对序列进行生物信息学分析,用I-TASSER在线软件建立蛋白三维模型,用TM-align软件进行同源建模,用COACH软件推测蛋白的结合位点;用荧光定量PCR方法分析这3个基因在不同龄期(幼虫和蛹)和3日龄雌雄成虫不同组织[触角、头(去除触角)、胸、腹、足和翅]中的表达谱。【结果】从荔枝蒂蛀虫触角中克隆了3个PBP基因的全长序列,分别命名为Csin PBP1,Csin PBP2和Csin PBP3(Gen Bank登录号:MF093145,MF093146和MF093147)。序列分析结果表明,这3个基因的编码蛋白具有昆虫气味结合蛋白的典型特征,并且Csin PBP1与紫色卷蛾Yponomeuta cagnagellus PBP的氨基酸序列一致性达72%,Csin PBP2与小菜蛾Plutella xylostella PBP1的氨基酸序列一致性达55%,Csin PBP3与水稻大螟Sesamia inferens PBP3的氨基酸序列一致性达39%。软件模拟分析表明,Csin PBP1,Csin PBP2和Csin PBP3蛋白的三维结构分别与家蚕Bombyx mori普通气味结合蛋白2(GOBP2)(PDB:2wc6A)、脐橙螟Amyetois transitetella PBP1(PDB:4inx A)和家蚕PBP(PDB:2p70A)相似度最高,分别预测得到10,7和8个结合位点。表达谱分析显示,3个基因均只在成虫触角中表达,在幼虫期和蛹期不表达,在成虫头(去除触角)、胸、腹、足和翅中也不表达,且在雄虫触角中的表达量分别是雌虫中表达量的1.94,28.19和32.94倍。【结论】获得荔枝蒂蛀虫3个PBP基因的全长序列,序列和表达分析结果提示这3个基因与雄虫感受性信息素有关。     

桃蛀螟成虫Orco嗅觉受体基因的克隆及组织表达谱分析

【目的】克隆桃蛀螟Conogethes punctiferalis (Guenée)的Orco嗅觉受体基因, 并研究其在不同组织的表达谱。【方法】利用PCR技术克隆桃蛀螟触角Orco基因, 对该基因编码的氨基酸序列进行生物信息学分析, 并利用荧光定量PCR技术分析该基因在的表达量。【结果】获得桃蛀螟成虫Orco的cDNA全长序列, 并命名为CpunOrco（GenBank登录号： JX101681）。该基因的开放阅读框全长1 425 bp, 编码475个氨基酸, 序列中有7个跨膜区。对桃蛀螟成虫不同组织中CpunOrco的荧光定量PCR结果表明, CpunOrco主要在触角和下颚须中表达, 雄虫触角中的表达量高于雌虫, 并且该基因在其他组织中也有一定的表达。【结论】本研究明确了该嗅觉受体基因在桃蛀螟成虫不同组织内的表达水平, 为进一步研究其功能提供了理论依据。     

牡丹PoSAD基因克隆与表达分析

以凤丹牡丹(Paeonia ostii)叶片为试验材料,采用RACE和RT-PCR方法,克隆得到凤丹牡丹硬脂酰-ACP去饱和酶基因SAD的cDNA全长,命名为PoSAD(GenBank登录号为KY038819)。序列分析表明,该基因cDNA序列全长1 559bp,其中开放阅读框1 197bp,编码398个氨基酸,3′端非编码区长172bp,5′端非编码区长123bp。多序列比对结果表明,凤丹牡丹PoSAD氨基酸序列含有2个保守结构域。系统发育分析结果显示,凤丹牡丹与蓖麻处于同一分支,其亲缘关系最近。TMHMM和TargetP亚细胞定位分析得知,PoSAD蛋白无跨膜区域,可能定位于叶绿体中发挥功能。组织特异性结果分析表明,PoSAD基因在凤丹牡丹的根、茎、叶、花瓣、雌蕊、雄蕊、种子中均有表达,且在花瓣中表达量最高,雌蕊中次之,在根中的表达量最低;不同时期种子中,60d表达量最高,80d次之,10d中表达量最低。     

Structure of the yeast vacuolar ATPase

The subunit architecture of the yeast vacuolar ATPase (V-ATPase) was analyzed by single particle transmission electron microscopy and electrospray ionization (ESI) tandem mass spectrometry. A three-dimensional model of the intact V-ATPase was calculated from two-dimensional projections of the complex at a resolution of 25 angstroms. Images of yeast V-ATPase decorated with monoclonal antibodies against subunits A, E, and G position subunit A within the pseudo-hexagonal arrangement in the V1, the N terminus of subunit G in the V1-V0 interface, and the C terminus of subunit E at the top of the V1 domain. ESI tandem mass spectrometry of yeast V1-ATPase showed that subunits E and G are most easily lost in collision-induced dissociation, consistent with a peripheral location of the subunits. An atomic model of the yeast V-ATPase was generated by fitting of the available x-ray crystal structures into the electron microscopy-derived electron density map. The resulting atomic model of the yeast vacuolar ATPase serves as a framework to help understand the role the peripheral stalk subunits are playing in the regulation of the ATP hydrolysis driven proton pumping activity of the vacuolar ATPase.     

Subunit D (Vma8p) of the yeast vacuolar H+-ATPase plays a role in coupling of proton transport and ATP hydrolysis

To investigate the function of subunit D in the vacuolar H(+)-ATPase (V-ATPase) complex, random and site-directed mutagenesis was performed on the VMA8 gene encoding subunit D in yeast. Mutants were selected for the inability to grow at pH 7.5 but the ability to grow at pH 5.5. Mutations leading to reduced levels of subunit D in whole cell lysates were excluded from the analysis. Seven mutants were isolated that resulted in pH-dependent growth but that contained nearly wild-type levels of subunit D and nearly normal assembly of the V-ATPase as assayed by subunit A levels associated with isolated vacuoles. Each of these mutants contained 2-3 amino acid substitutions and resulted in loss of 60-100% of proton transport and 58-93% of concanamycin-sensitive ATPase activity. To identify the mutations responsible for the observed effects on activity, 14 single amino acid substitutions and 3 double amino acid substitutions were constructed by site-directed mutagenesis and analyzed as described above. Six of the single mutations and all three of the double mutations led to significant (>30%) loss of activity, with the mutations having the greatest effects on activity clustering in the regions Val(71)-Gly(80) and Lys(209)-Met(221). In addition, both M221V and the double mutant V71D/E220V led to significant uncoupling of proton transport and ATPase activity, whereas the double mutant G80D/K209E actually showed increased coupling efficiency. Both a mutant showing reduced coupling and a mutant with only 6% of wild-type proton transport activity showed normal dissociation of the V-ATPase complex in vivo in response to glucose deprivation. These results suggest that subunit D plays an important role in coupling of proton transport and ATP hydrolysis and that only low rates of turnover of the enzyme are required to support in vivo dissociation.     

Cloning and mutational analysis of the gene encoding subunit C of yeast vacuolar H(+)-ATPase.

A DNA fragment containing the gene encoding subunit C of vaculor H(+)-ATPase (V-ATPase) was cloned from a yeast library. The predicted amino acid sequence indicated that the C subunit consists of 373 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 42,287 Da. The protein from yeast is 37% identical in its amino acid sequence to the C subunit of bovine V-ATPase. The DNA fragment that was cloned in this study contained two additional reading frames. At the 5' end an amino acid sequence that is homologous to Artemia elongation factor 1 was detected. At the 3' end the N-terminal part of a kinesin-like protein was observed. The gene encoding subunit C of the V-ATPase was interrupted, and the resulting mutant could not grow at high pH and was sensitive to low and high Ca2+ concentrations in the growth medium. Transformation of the mutant by a plasmid containing the gene encoding subunit C repaired the phenotype of the mutant. Substitution of more than half of the coding region by a corresponding DNA fragment encoding the bovine subunit C resulted in a phenotype indistinguishable from wild type. Immunological studies with the disruptant mutant revealed that subunit C is necessary for the assembly of the catalytic sector of the enzyme.     

Nucleotide-binding sites in V-type Na+-ATPase from Enterococcus hirae

Enterococcus hirae V-ATPase, in contrast to most V-type ATPases, is resistant to N-ethylmaleimide (NEM). Alignment of the amino acid sequences of NtpA suggests that the NEM-sensitive Cys of V-type ATPases is replaced by Ala in E. hirae V-ATPase. Consistent with this prediction, the V-ATPase became sensitive upon substitution of the Ala with Cys. The three-dimensional structure of the NtpB subunit of V-ATPase was modeled based on the structure of the corresponding subunit (alpha subunit) of bovine F(1)-ATPase by homology modeling. Overall, the 3D structure of the subunit resembled that of alpha subunit of bovine F(1)-ATPase. The NtpB subunit, which lacks the P-loop consensus sequence for nucleotide binding, was predicted to bind a nucleotide at the modeled nucleotide-binding site. Experimental data supported the prediction that the E. hirae V-ATPase had about six nucleotide-binding sites.     

Association of L-type calcium channels with a vacuolar H(+)-ATPase G2 subunit

The class C L-type calcium (Ca(2+)) channels have been implicated in many important physiological processes. Here, we have identified a mouse vacuolar H(+)-ATPase (V-ATPase) G2 subunit protein that bound to the C-terminal domain of the pore-forming alpha(1C) subunit using a yeast two-hybrid screen. Protein-protein interaction between the V-ATPase G subunit and the alpha(1C) subunit was confirmed using in vitro GST pull-down assays and coimmunoprecipitation from intact cells. Moreover, treatment of cells expressing L-type Ca(2+) channels with a specific inhibitor of the V-ATPase blocked proper targeting of the channels to the plasma membrane.     

Sequence analysis and characterization of vacuolar-type H+ -ATPase proteolipid transcript from Acanthus ebracteatus Vah1.

The vacuolar-type H+ -ATPase (V-ATPase) is a multimeric enzyme with diverse functions in plants such as nutrient transport, flowering, stress tolerance, guard cell movement and development. A partial sequence of V-ATPase proteolipid was identified among the expressed sequence tags (ESTs) generated from Acanthus ebracteatus, and selected for full-length sequencing. The 876-nucleotide cDNA consists of an open reading frame of 165 amino acids. The deduced amino acid sequence displays high similarity (81%) with its homologs from Arabidopsis thaliana, Avecinnia marina and Gossypium hirsutum with the four transmembrane domains characteristics of the 16 kDa proteolipid subunit c of V-ATPase well conserved in this protein. Southern analysis revealed the existence of several members of proteolipid subunit c of V-ATPase in A. ebracteatus. The mRNA of this gene was detected in leaf, floral, stem and root tissues, however, the expression level was lower in stem and root tissues.     

Mutational analysis of subunit G (Vma10p) of the yeast vacuolar H+-ATPase

The G subunit of V-ATPases is a soluble subunit that shows homology with the b subunit of F-ATPases and may be part of the "stator" stalk connecting the peripheral V(1) and membrane V(0) sectors. When the N-terminal half of the G subunit is modeled as an alpha helix, most of the conserved residues fall on one face of the helix (Hunt, I. E., and Bowman, B. J. (1997) J. Bioenerg. Biomembr. 29, 533-540). We probed the function of this region by site-directed mutagenesis of the yeast VMA10 gene. Stable G subunits were produced in the presence of Y46A and K55A mutations, but subunit E was destabilized, resulting in loss of the V-ATPase assembly. Mutations E14A and K50A allowed wild-type growth and assembly of V-ATPase complexes, but the complexes formed were unstable. Mutations R25A and R25L stabilized V-ATPase complexes relative to wild-type and partially inhibited disassembly of V(1) from V(0) in response to glucose deprivation even though the mutant enzymes were fully active. A 2-amino acid deletion in the middle of the predicted N-terminal helix (DeltaQ29D30) allowed assembly of a functional V-ATPase. The results indicate that, although the N-terminal half of the G subunit is essential for V-ATPase activity, either this region is not a rigid helix or the presence of a continuous, conserved face of the helix is not essential.     

Mutational analysis of the non-homologous region of subunit A of the yeast V-ATPase

Subunit A is the catalytic nucleotide binding subunit of the vacuolar proton-translocating ATPase (or V-ATPase) and is homologous to subunit beta of the F(1)F(0) ATP synthase (or F-ATPase). Amino acid sequence alignment of these subunits reveals a 90-amino acid insert in subunit A (termed the non-homologous region) that is absent from subunit beta. To investigate the functional role of this region, site-directed mutagenesis has been performed on the VMA1 gene that encodes subunit A in yeast. Substitutions were performed on 13 amino acid residues within this region that are conserved in all available A subunit sequences. Most of the 18 mutations introduced showed normal assembly of the V-ATPase. Of these, one (R219K) greatly reduced both proton transport and ATPase activity. By contrast, the P217V mutant showed significantly reduced ATPase activity but higher than normal levels of proton transport, suggesting an increase in coupling efficiency. Two other mutations in the same region (P223V and P233V) showed decreased coupling efficiency, suggesting that changes in the non-homologous region can alter coupling of proton transport and ATP hydrolysis. It was previously shown that the V-ATPase must possess at least 5-10% activity relative to wild type to undergo in vivo dissociation in response to glucose withdrawal. However, four of the mutations studied (G150A, D157E, P177V, and P223V) were partially or completely blocked in dissociation despite having greater than 30% of wild type levels of activity. These results suggest that changes in the non-homologous region can also alter in vivo dissociation of the V-ATPase independent of effects on activity.     

Subunit interactions in the clathrin-coated vesicle vacuolar (H(+))-ATPase complex.

The vacuolar (H(+))-ATPases (or V-ATPases) are structurally related to the F(1)F(0) ATP synthases of mitochondria, chloroplasts and bacteria, being composed of a peripheral (V(1)) and an integral (V(0)) domain. To further investigate the arrangement of subunits in the V-ATPase complex, covalent cross-linking has been carried out on the V-ATPase from clathrin-coated vesicles using three different cross-linking reagents. Cross-linked products were identified by molecular weight and by Western blot analysis using polyclonal antibodies raised against individual V-ATPase subunits. In the intact V(1)V(0) complex, evidence for cross-linking of subunits C and E, D and F, as well as E and G by disuccinimidyl glutarate was obtained, while in the free V(1) domain, cross-linking of subunits H and E was also observed. Subunits C and E as well as D and E could be cross-linked by 1-ethyl-3-(dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide, while subunits a and E could be cross-linked by 4-(N-maleimido)benzophenone. It was further demonstrated that it is possible to treat the V-ATPase with potassium iodide and MgATP in such a way that while subunits A, B, and H are nearly quantitatively removed, significant amounts of subunits C, D, E, and F remain attached to the membrane, suggesting that one or more of these latter subunits are in contact with the V(0) domain. In addition, treatment of the V-ATPase with cystine, which modifies Cys-254 of the catalytic A subunit, results in dissociation of subunit H, suggesting communication between the catalytic nucleotide binding site and subunit H. Finally, the stoichiometry of subunits F, G, and H were determined by quantitative amino acid analysis. Based on these and previous observations, a new structural model of the V-ATPase from clathrin-coated vesicles is proposed.     

水稻液泡ATPase B 亚基基因的克隆及其在低磷胁迫下的表达特征分析

利用抑制性扣除杂交(SSH)技术构建水稻(Oryza sativa L.)根系磷饥饿诱导cDNA文库,获得编码液泡ATPase (V-ATPase) B亚基的克隆,通过反转录PCR方法获得该基因的完整序列.该基因编码487个氨基酸,含有一个保守的ATP结合位点,其蛋白分子量为54.06 kD,等电点为4.99.Southern印迹表明,V-ATPase B亚基基因在水稻基因组中以单拷贝形式存在.氨基酸同源性分析发现,V-ATPase B亚基是一个较为保守的蛋白亚基,其序列变化伴随生物的进化过程同步进行.Northern印迹表明,V-ATPase B亚基在水稻根系中受到磷饥饿诱导表达,磷饥饿6～12 h出现表达高峰,而在叶片中表达高峰有所滞后(24～48 h).在缺磷环境条件下,ATPase B亚基可能通过提高其表达量,进而提高质子转运活性,形成跨膜的电化学梯度,为体内储备磷跨液泡膜运输提供能量,从而提高植物体内磷的利用效率及其耐低磷的能力.