好氧反硝化菌Defluvibacter lusatiensis str.DN7的分离鉴定和异养硝化性能

从稳定运行处理竹子加工废水的生物接触氧化反应器中分离得到一株好氧反硝化菌DN7,其72 h NO3-降解率达99.4％.细胞显微镜观察显示,菌株为革兰氏阴性小杆菌,大小为0.5 μm×1.5 μm,菌落为乳白色.通过生理生化特性及16S rDNA同源性分析,初步推断该菌株为根瘤菌中的Defluvibacter lusatiensis str.碳源、C/N、硝酸盐初始浓度、溶解氧(DO)、pH对DN7反硝化性能影响的结果表明:菌株对柠檬酸钠、葡萄糖等小分子有机物的利用较好;C/N为9时,脱氮率达99.0％;硝酸盐浓度低于138.48 mg·L-1情况下,DN7脱氮率在96％以上,且亚硝酸盐浓度均在1.0mg·L-1以下;菌株DN7对DO不敏感,中性偏碱性环境有利于DN7反硝化反应的进行;DN7具有良好的异养硝化性能,72 h铵氮降解率达84.7％.     

一株海洋好氧反硝化细菌的鉴定及其好氧反硝化特性

【目的】从处理海洋养殖循环水的生物滤器生物膜中分离到1株具有好氧反硝化活性的细菌(菌株2-8),并进一步研究了该菌的分类地位及反硝化特性。【方法】采用16S rRNA基因序列分析对菌株进行初步鉴定,采用好氧培养技术,探讨了碳源种类、起始pH、NaCl浓度、C/N、温度和摇床转速对菌株2-8好氧反硝化活性的影响。【结果】该菌株的16S rRNA基因序列与Pseudomonas segetis FR1439T(AY770691)的相似性最高,达到99.9%,因此初步鉴定菌株2-8属于假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas sp.2-8)。碳源类型和C/N对其好氧反硝化作用的影响最为显著,以柠檬酸钠为唯一碳源,C/N为15时脱氮效率最高,低C/N导致亚硝酸盐的积累;其好氧反硝化的最适温度和pH分别为30℃和7.5;菌株2-8在摇床转速为160r/min下脱氮效果最好;NaCl浓度对其反硝化活性的影响不明显。【结论】在初始硝酸氮浓度为140mg/L,以柠檬酸钠为唯一碳源、C/N为15、pH为7.5、NaCl浓度为30g/L,30℃以及160r/min摇床培养的条件下,菌株2-8在48h内脱氮率可达92%且无亚硝酸盐积累。     

一株高效好氧反硝化菌的分离及特性

利用富集培养的方法从南昌市郊某养鱼塘采样分离出22株反硝化细菌,其中8株反硝化率较高,从中选择一株效果最好的作为研究对象,命名为HS-N62,对其生长特性进行了深入研究。结果表明:硝酸盐氮初始浓度为140mg/L,菌株HS-N62在12h内对硝酸盐氮的去除率可达96%,而且没有亚硝酸盐氮的积累。该菌最适生长温度范围为30°C-37°C,最适生长pH范围6.0-8.0,最适C/N比为10:1,并能利用多种碳源生长。运用正交试验探讨了该菌株最适的反硝化条件。反硝化菌株HS-N62还具有较好的除磷能力,12h除磷率达到67.7%(初始磷酸盐浓度57mg/L)。通过形态学特性和生理生化分析以及16S rRNA基因序列分析,菌株HS-N62与Pseudomonas sp.亲缘关系最为接近,相似性达99%,初步鉴定该菌为假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas sp.)。     

Pseudomonas alcaliphila AD-28的脱氮性能及其关键酶活性

【背景】异养硝化-好氧反硝化菌由于能够同时实现硝化反硝化作用而备受关注,但由于菌的种类不同,其脱氮途径不尽相同,研究菌株脱氮关键酶的种类及其活性可以推测菌株的脱氮途径,从而为菌株在生产上的应用提供技术支撑。【目的】研究Pseudomonas alcaliphila AD-28的脱氮性能及其关键酶的活性,为菌株脱氮分子机理研究奠定基础。【方法】以柠檬酸钠为碳源,以硫酸铵、亚硝酸钠、硝酸钾为氮源,研究菌株AD-28的脱氮性能并检测其关键酶氨单加氧酶(AMO)、羟胺氧化还原酶(HAO)、亚硝酸盐还原酶(NIR)、硝酸盐还原酶(NAR)的酶活性。【结果】菌株AD-28培养24h的菌密度(OD600)可达1.971,对初始浓度为18.85mg/L的氨氮、26.13mg/L的硝酸盐氮、19.47mg/L的亚硝酸盐氮、66.11 mg/L的总氮去除率均达到96%以上;关键酶AMO、HAO、NIR和NAR的比活力分别为0.028、0.003、0.011、0.027 U/mg。【结论】Pseudomonas alcaliphila AD-28能同时进行异养硝化-好养反硝化作用,该菌在AMO作用下将NH4+-N氧化为羟胺,然后由HAO氧化为NO2--N,NO2--N和NO3--N在NIR、NAR等酶的催化作用下脱氮。     

好氧反硝化菌Defluvibacter lusatiensis str. DN7的分离鉴定和异养硝化性能

从稳定运行处理竹子加工废水的生物接触氧化反应器中分离得到一株好氧反硝化菌DN7,其72 h NO₃^-降解率达99.4%.细胞显微镜观察显示,菌株为革兰氏阴性小杆菌,大小为0.5 μm×1.5 μm,菌落为乳白色.通过生理生化特性及16S rDNA同源性分析,初步推断该菌株为根瘤菌中的Defluvibacter lusatiensisstr.碳源、C/N、硝酸盐初始浓度、溶解氧(DO)、pH对DN7反硝化性能影响的结果表明:菌株对柠檬酸钠、葡萄糖等小分子有机物的利用较好;C/N为9时,脱氮率达99.0%;硝酸盐浓度低于138.48 mg·L^-1情况下,DN7脱氮率在96%以上,且亚硝酸盐浓度均在1.0 mg·L^-1以下;菌株DN7对DO不敏感,中性偏碱性环境有利于DN7反硝化反应的进行;DN7具有良好的异养硝化性能,72 h铵氮降解率达84.7%.     

短程反硝化菌株FDN-1的分离鉴定及其脱氮性能

从富集的活性污泥菌群中,筛选得到反硝化菌株FDN-1。通过对菌株形态观察、生理生化鉴定以及16SrDNA序列分析,确定该菌株为黄杆菌属（Havobacterium mizutaii）。以N02---N为氮源、甲醇为碳源进行驯化,亚硝酸盐氮浓度在200-400mg／L范围时,总氮去除率均在90％以上;脱氮能力验证结果表明,该菌株能够处理含亚硝酸盐的污水,进水亚硝酸盐氮浓度不能超过600mg／L。     

一株异养硝化-反硝化不动杆菌的分离鉴定及脱氮活性

[目的]分离筛选并鉴定一株异养硝化-反硝化细菌,并探讨其在脱氮中的作用.[方法]富集培养分离筛选微生物,通过形态观察和生理生化特征及16S rDNA鉴定细菌,定时测定其OD600研究生长曲线,正交试验研究其脱氮影响因素和最佳条件,与污水处理厂活性污泥共同作用检验其脱氮活性.[结果]分离到一株异养硝化-反硝化细菌,鉴定结果表明是一株不动杆菌,命名为Acinetobacter sp.YF14,这是已知报道的第一株进行异养硝化和好氧反硝化的不动杆菌.该菌在12 h时进入对数期,22 h时进入稳定期,45 h以后进入衰亡期.该菌能进行异养硝化,3d后氨氮和总氮的去除率可以达到92％和91％,且无硝酸盐氮和亚硝酸盐氮积累.好氧条件下该菌能进行反硝化,在硝酸盐和亚硝盐培养基中均能将氮几乎完全去除.对该菌脱氮的影响程度大小依次为转速＞接种量＞碳源＞碳氮比＞ pH.当转速为160 r/min,碳源取葡萄糖,接种量1％,碳氮比为8∶1,pH为6.5时,脱氮效果最好.该菌株可以提高活性污泥对于生活污水总氮脱除率约30％.[结论]菌YF14可以明显加强活性污泥脱氮效果,显示了良好的应用前景.     

反硝化除磷菌筛选及其特性研究

【目的】研究反硝化除磷菌特性。【方法】通过微生物筛选和生物学特性研究方法,从对虾养殖池塘中筛选出多株可在有氧条件下同时具有反硝化除磷功能的菌种。【结果】菌株LY-1可在18 h内将初始量为10 mg/L的亚硝酸盐氮降低至0.04 mg/L,PO43?-P降低至0.05 mg/L。在DO浓度为5.0?5.9 mg/L时,该菌反硝化除磷率近100%。试验选取具有反硝化除磷功能的枯草芽孢杆菌为阳性对照菌,大肠杆菌为阴性对照菌,比较研究了菌株LY-1在不同pH、温度、盐度、PO43?-P浓度、亚硝酸盐浓度时反硝化除磷的强弱,在pH为5?9范围时,该菌亚硝酸盐氮去除率近99%,PO43?-P去除率86%;温度为30°C时,该菌反硝化除磷率近100%;盐度为5‰?15‰、PO43?-P浓度为10 mg/L、亚硝酸盐氮浓度为20 mg/L时,该菌亚硝酸盐氮和PO43?-P去除率均可达99%。【结论】菌株LY-1反硝化除磷性能显著高于对照菌(P<0.05)。通过菌株LY-1形态学观察、生理生化及16S rRNA基因序列分析,初步鉴定为蜡样芽孢杆菌(Bacillus cereus)。     

不同氮源下好氧反硝化菌Defluvibacter lusatiensis str.DN7的脱氮特性

研究了不同氮源下好氧反硝化菌Defluvibacter lusatiensis str.DN7的脱氮特性。结果表明:菌株均能以硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐为唯一氮源进行好氧反硝化作用。反应4 h,NO-3-N和NO-2-N的去除率分别达83.35%和85.72%。亚硝酸盐完全还原比硝酸盐提前42 h。硝酸盐还原过程中基本无亚硝酸盐积累,而亚硝酸盐还原过程中则检测到明显的硝酸盐积累,反应4 h,NO-3-N积累量达到21.83 mg/L。培养液中同时存在硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐时,菌株优先选择硝酸盐作电子受体。亚硝酸盐共存对硝酸盐还原无显著影响,但培养液中残留的NO-2-N随亚硝酸盐比例上升而增加,当亚硝酸盐比例从10%升至50%时,NO-2-N残留量由3.38 mg/L增至7.60 mg/L。少量硝酸盐的加入对亚硝酸盐的还原产生抑制作用。当硝酸盐比例为10%时,72 h NO-2-N的去除率仅为74.79%,远低于以亚硝酸盐为唯一氮源情况(去除率100%)。以氨氮为唯一氮源时,菌株同时进行异养硝化和好氧反硝化反应,72 h,NH+4-N去除率达85.66%,且基本无硝酸盐或亚硝酸盐积累。少量氨氮共存(氨氮比例<30%)有利于促进菌株的好氧反硝化作用,反之亦然。     

一株好氧反硝化细菌的分离鉴定及反硝化特性研究

通过对采集水样进行富集培养,利用溴百里酚蓝( BTB)选择性培养基初筛和活性测定复筛得到一株好氧反硝化细菌N22’,发现该菌在好氧条件下能有效去除培养液中的NO3--N.硝酸盐氮初始浓度为125 mg/L,培养40h后硝酸盐氮去除率达86.39％;扫描电镜照片显示,菌株N22’为短杆菌,无鞭毛,大小约为(0.75-1.25)μm×(0.5-0.75) μm范围内,菌落表面呈乳白色.通过形态、生理生化特征及16S rRNA基因序列分析,初步判断菌株N22’为不动杆菌属Acinetobacter sp..反硝化性能测试结果表明,该菌反硝化作用的最适温度为25-30℃,pH值7.0.     

Crystal structure, detonation performance, and thermal stability of a new polynitro cage compound: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonanitro-2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonaazaheptacyclo [5.5.1.13, 11. 15, 9] pentadecane

A new polynitro cage compound 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonanitro-2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonaazaheptcyclo [5.5.1.1(3,11).1(5,9)] pentadecane (NNNAHP) was designed in the present work. Its molecular structure was optimized at the B3LYP/6-31 G(d,p) level of density functional theory (DFT) and crystal structure was predicted using the Compass and Dreiding force fields and refined by DFT GGA-RPBE method. The obtained crystal structure of NNNAHP belongs to the P-1 space group and the lattice parameters are a = 9.99 ?, b = 10.78 ?, c = 9.99 ?, α = 90.01°, β = 120.01°, γ = 90.00°, and Z = 2, respectively. Based on the optimized crystal structure, the band gap, density of state, thermodynamic properties, infrared spectrum, strain energy, detonation characteristics, and thermal stability were predicted. Calculation results show that NNNAHP has detonation properties close to those of CL-20 and is a high energy density compound with moderate stability.     

Relations of the Al,B, Ba,Br, Ca,Cl, Cu,Fe, K,Li, Mg,Mn, Na,P, S,Si, Sr,and Zn mass fractions to morphometric parameters in pediatric and nonhyperplastic young adult prostate glands

The variation with age of the 18 trace element mass fractions and some histological characteristics of intact prostate glands of 50 subjects aged 0–30 years was investigated by instrumental neutron activation analysis, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry, and a quantitative morphometric analysis. Mean values ± standard error of the mean (M ± SΕΜ) for the mass fractions (in milligrams per kilogram wet tissue) of these trace elements in pre-puberty were: Al 28.5 ± 9.0, B 0.40 ± 0.11, Ba 1.48 ± 0.44, Br 10.5 ± 1.5, Ca 241 ± 30, Cl 3,203 ± 278, Cu 3.51 ± 0.89, Fe 33.7 ± 4.1, K 2,364 ± 145, Li 0.020 ± 0.004, Mg 153 ± 23, Mn 0.46 ± 0.06, Na 2,286 ± 130, P 1,391 ± 100, S 1,698 ± 132, Si 62 ± 11, Sr 0.38 ± 0.08, and Zn 27.6 ± 2.3. During puberty and postpuberty, when there is a significant increase in circulating androgens, the mean values were: Al 7.2 ± 1.4, B 0.21 ± 0.05, Ba 0.25 ± 0.06, Br 5.8 ± 1.0, Ca 433 ± 81, Cl 2,314 ± 201, Cu 1.77 ± 0.13, Fe 20.9 ± 1.6, K 2,585 ± 118, Li 0.0088 ± 0.0014, Mg 232 ± 27, Mn 0.34 ± 0.04, Na 1,875 ± 107, P 1,403 ± 98, S 1,673 ± 73, Si 22.2 ± 3.1, Sr 0.22 ± 0.03, and Zn 93.3 ± 8.9. Mean values (M ± SΕΜ) of percent volumes (%) of the stroma, epithelium and lumen in the prostate before puberty were 73.4 ± 2.6, 20.4 ± 1.7, and 4.45 ± 0.94, respectively, versus 46.5 ± 2.5, 38.5 ± 1.9, and 14.9 ± 1.2 during puberty and postpuberty. This work’s results confirm that the Zn mass fraction in prostate tissue is an androgen-dependent parameter. For the first time it has been demonstrated that the glandular lumen is a main pool of Ca, Mg, and Zn accumulation and that the stroma is a main pool of Al, B, Ba, Br, Cl, Cu, Fe, Mn, Na, and Si accumulation in the normal human prostate, for the age range 0–30 years. It was concluded that the Ca, Mg, and Zn binds tightly within the prostatic fluid, because the volume of glandular lumen reflects the volume of prostatic fluid.     

Simultaneous measurement of the trace elements Al, As, B, Be, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Rb, Se, Sr, and Zn in human serum and their reference ranges by ICP-MS

The goal of this article was to establish reference ranges of the concentration of trace elements in human serum and to compare these results with those reported by other authors. We describe the sample preparation and measurement conditions that allow the rapid, precise, and accurate determination of Al, As, B, Be, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Rb, Se, Sr, and Zn in human serum samples (n=110) by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Accuracy and precision were determined by analyzing three reconstituted reference serum samples by comparison with other methods and by the standard addition procedure. The advantages of the ICP-MS method include short time of analysis of the elements mentioned, low detection limit, high precision, and high accuracy. Disadventages include a high risk of contamination due to the presence of some of the elements of interest in the environment, the relatively delicate sample handling, and the high cost of the equipment.     

The Effect of Age and Gender on Al, B, Ba, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, P, S, Sr, V, and Zn Contents in Rib Bone of Healthy Humans

The effect of age and gender on major, minor, and trace element contents in the intact rib bone of 80 relatively healthy 15–55-year-old women and men was investigated. Contents or upper limit of contents of 16 chemical elements in the rib bone were determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). Mean values (M?±?SΕΜ) for the mass fraction of Ba, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Na, P, S, Sr, and Zn (milligram per kilogram of dry bone) were as follows: 2.54?±?0.16, 171,400?±?4,050, 1.35?±?0.22, 140?±?11, 1,874?±?71, 0.049?±?0.011, 2,139?±?38, 5,378?±?88, 75,140?±?1,660, 1,881?±?51, 291?±?20, and 92.8?±?1.5, respectively. The upper limits of contents of Al, B, Mn, and V were <7.20, <0.65, <0.36, and <0.03, respectively. Statistically significant tendency for the Ca, Mg, and P content to decrease with age was found in the human rib bone, regardless of gender. The mass fraction of Fe in the male rib bone increases with age. It was shown that higher Ca, Mg, Na, P, and Sr mass fractions as well as lower Fe content were typical of female ribs as compared to those in male ribs.     

Distribution of N,P, K,Ca, Mg,S, Zn,Fe, Mn and Cu in groundnut

Summary Concentration of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S in summer groundnut crop was higher than in kharif while Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu contents were higher in summer crop. Kernel's N, P and Zn; Leaflet's Ca and Mn; Stem's K and Fe; Root's S and Cu and Petiole's Mg contents were highest. Shell's N, P, K, Mg, S, Zn and Cu; Kernel's Ca, Fe and Mn contents were the least. N, P, K, S, Zn and Cu concentrations decreased linearly as the crop grew. Ca, Mg, Fe and Mn concentrations did not display any distinct pattern. Ca concentration was positively correlated with pod yield in both the seasons.     

New Coleoptera records from New Brunswick, Canada: Stenotrachelidae, Oedemeridae, Meloidae, Myceteridae, Boridae, Pythidae, Pyrochroidae, Anthicidae, and Aderidae

We report 19 new species records for the faunal list of Coleoptera in New Brunswick, Canada, six of which are new records for the Maritime provinces, and one of which is new Canadian record. We also provide the first recent records for five additional species in New Brunswick. One new species of Stenotrachelidae, Cephaloon ungulare LeConte, is added to the New Brunswick faunal list. Additional records are provided for Cephaloon lepturides Newman, as well the first recent record of Nematoplus collaris LeConte. Two species of Oedemeridae, Asclera puncticollis (Say) and Asclera ruficollis (Say), are newly reported for New Brunswick, and additional locality and bionomic data are provided for Calopus angustus LeConte and Ditylus caeruleus (Randall). The records of Ditylus caerulus are the first recent records for the province. Three species of Meloidae, Epicauta pestifera Werner, Lytta sayi LeConte, and Meloe augustcollis Say are reported the first time for New Brunswick; Epicauta pestifera is newly recorded in Canada. Lacconotus punctatus LeConte and the family Mycteridaeis newly recorded for New Brunswick. The first recent records of Borus unicolor Say (Boridae) are reported from the province. One new species of Pythidae, Pytho siedlitzi Blair, and the first recent records of Pytho niger Kirby are added to the faunal list of New Brunswick. Three species of Pyrochroidae are newly reported for the province, including Pedilus canaliculatus (LeConte) and Pedilus elegans (Hentz), which are new for the Maritime provinces. Five species of Anthicidae and the first recent record of Anthicus cervinus LaFerté-Sénectére are newly reported for New Brunswick. Anthicus melancholicus LaFerté-Sénectère, Sapintus pubescens (LaFerté-Sénectère), Notoxus bifasciatus (LeConte), and Stereopalpus rufipes Casey are new to the Maritime provinces faunal list. Ambyderus granularis (LeConte) is removed from the faunal list of the province. Three species of Aderidae, Vanonus huronicus Casey, Zonantes fasciatus (Melsheimer), and Zonantes pallidusWerner, are newly recorded for New Brunswick; Zonantes fasciatus and Vanonus huronicus are new for the Maritime provinces' faunal list. Collection data, bionomic data, and distribution maps are presented for all these species.     

Potential Compounds for Oral Cancer Treatment: Resveratrol,Nimbolide, Lovastatin,Bortezomib, Vorinostat,Berberine, Pterostilbene,Deguelin, Andrographolide,and Colchicine

Oral cancer is one of the main causes of cancer-related deaths in South-Asian countries. There are very limited treatment options available for oral cancer. Research endeavors focused on discovery and development of novel therapies for oral cancer, is necessary to control the ever rising oral cancer related mortalities. We mined the large pool of compounds from the publicly available compound databases, to identify potential therapeutic compounds for oral cancer. Over 84 million compounds were screened for the possible anti-cancer activity by custom build SVM classifier. The molecular targets of the predicted anti-cancer compounds were mined from reliable sources like experimental bioassays studies associated with the compound, and from protein-compound interaction databases. Therapeutic compounds from DrugBank, and a list of natural anti-cancer compounds derived from literature mining of published studies, were used for building partial least squares regression model. The regression model thus built, was used for the estimation of oral cancer specific weights based on the molecular targets. These weights were used to compute scores for screening the predicted anti-cancer compounds for their potential to treat oral cancer. The list of potential compounds was annotated with corresponding physicochemical properties, cancer specific bioactivity evidences, and literature evidences. In all, 288 compounds with the potential to treat oral cancer were identified in the current study. The majority of the compounds in this list are natural products, which are well-tolerated and have minimal side-effects compared to the synthetic counterparts. Some of the potential therapeutic compounds identified in the current study are resveratrol, nimbolide, lovastatin, bortezomib, vorinostat, berberine, pterostilbene, deguelin, andrographolide, and colchicine.     

Reference values for the concentrations of As,Cd, Co,Cr, Cu,Fe, I,Hg, Mn,Mo, Ni,Pb, Se,and Zn in selected human tissues and body fluids

This report attempts to formulate reference ranges of elemental concentrations for 15 trace elements in selected human tissues and body fluids. A set of samples consisting of whole blood, blood serum, urine, milk, liver, and hair were chosen and considered for 15 elements of biological significance: As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, F, Fe, I, Hg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Se, and Zn. The results represent wholly or partially data received from 40 countries of the global regions of Africa, Asia, Europe, North, South, and Central America, Australia, and New Zealand. This survey, even if qualitative, has been useful in demonstrating certain trends of trace-element scenarios around the world. It is of course recognized that both diet and environment exert a strong influence on the distribution pattern of several elements, such as As, Cd, Mn, Pb, Se, and Zn. A limited comparison of the available information on soil status of different countries reflected some interesting associations for elements, such as Mn and Zn. Importantly, this study revealed that only a few countries were in a position to identify a reasonable amount of data on samples requested for this project. Regretably, for a number of countries, any dependable data for even such essential elements as Cu, Fe, and Zn were not available. In view of the nutritional importance of many elements, the time is ripe for concerted efforts by intergovernmental agencies to initiate investigations or commission task forces/projects to generate reliable reference data for selected global regions, which sadly lack data of any kind at present.