水稻矮缩病毒非结构蛋白基因S6的表达和抗血清的制备

经RT-PCR扩增出水稻矮缩病毒(RDV)中国分离物非结构蛋白基因S6,并克隆至 pGEM-Teasy 载体上.序列分析表明该基因与日本株具有高度同源性,并且含有较高比例的稀有密码子.将S6基因克隆到表达载体pGEX-6P-1,并转化大肠杆菌,该基因在大肠杆菌以包涵体形式大量表达.以表达的融合蛋白作抗原免疫家兔,制备抗S6蛋白的抗血清,ELISA 测定表明,该血清与抗原共价特异性反应,抗血清的效价为13000. Western blot印迹实验表明该抗血清能特异性检测RDV感染的水稻组织中的S6蛋白,因而可作为感染RDV的水稻植株的分子手段.     

人免疫缺陷病毒早期蛋白Nef的表达、纯化及免疫原性研究

目的：通过原核细胞表达人免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）Nef抗原,制备特异抗血清,为Nef抗原检测提供技术方法。方法：以HIVBotswana毒株基因组为模板,用PCR法获得Nef蛋白编码基因,将其克隆到pET30a载体中,在大肠杆菌中表达Nef融合蛋白;用纯化的融合蛋白免疫BALB／c小鼠获得抗血清,用真核表达的Nef抗原对其特异性进行分析。结果：构建的Nef融合基因在大肠杆菌中获得表达,相对分子质量约为36x103,免疫BALB／c小鼠获得针对融合蛋白的高效价抗血清,ELISA抗体滴度为1：6400;免疫荧光和Westemblot检测表明,该抗血清能特异地与重组痘苗病毒表达的Nef抗原反应。结论：在大肠杆菌中表达了HIVNef融合蛋白,制备了Nef融合蛋白的高效价小鼠免疫血清,该血清能特异性识别HIVNef抗原,为HlVNef抗原检测提供了技术方法。     

水稻Os着-c op 1基因的原核表达及多克隆抗体制备

着-COP蛋白是真核生物分泌途径中COP玉有被小泡的一个亚基。本研究利用PCR技术扩增水稻着-c op基因(Os着-c op 1)的ORF(开放阅读框),并克隆到原核表达载体pET-23d上,将表达载体pET-Os着-cop1转入大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),以1.0 mmol/L的IPTG (isopropylβ-D-thiogalactoside)诱导表达重组蛋白,然后以重组蛋白作为抗原免疫家兔,制备多克隆抗体。SDS-PAGE电泳分析结果表明,成功诱导表达了分子量约为35 kD的重组蛋白,Western blot检测表明,免疫家兔的抗血清与水稻幼穗总蛋白杂交信号较好。Os着-COP1抗体的制备有助于研究该基因及COPI小泡在水稻中的功能。     

兔抗仿蜘蛛牵丝蛋白抗体的制备及应用

将仿蜘蛛牵丝基因s6 0 0克隆到GST融合蛋白表达质粒pGEX KG中 ,利用大肠杆菌表达系统表达并纯化了仿蜘蛛牵丝蛋白S6 0 0 ,以之作为抗原制备了兔抗血清。S6 0 0的氨基酸组分分析与理论值相吻合。蛋白质免疫印迹发现该抗血清能与天然蜘蛛丝反应 ,表明设计的仿蜘蛛丝与天然蜘蛛丝有相似的免疫原性。为了定量检测仿蜘蛛牵丝蛋白在转基因家蚕丝腺中 (或茧壳中 )的表达 ,建立了用ELISA方法定量检测茧壳中仿蜘蛛牵丝蛋白量的工作系统     

水稻矮缩病毒非结构蛋白Pns6的表达及其单克隆抗体的特异性分析

水稻矮缩病毒（RDV）的基因组包含12条双链RNA,其中基因组片段S6编码的非结构蛋白Pns6为该病毒的运动蛋白.在本研究中,在大肠杆菌中表达了N端融合His-tag的重组Pns6蛋白.在低温和低IPTG浓度的诱导后,通过Ni螯合亲和层析进行纯化获得了HisPns6蛋白.稳定性分析表明,HisPns6是一个稳定的蛋白,可耐受37℃下长达24h的处理.纯化的蛋白后续用于单克隆抗体的制备并得到18个杂交瘤细胞株系.使用从感染RDV的水稻叶片中提取的Pns6为样品,以健康水稻总蛋白为对照,通过Western blot法对抗体进行特异性分析,获得了15个阳性抗体.对其进行抗原决定簇分析表明,最敏感的抗原决定簇位于Pns6的C端区域（296~509位氨基酸）.该结果与生物信息学预测分析相吻合.     

水稻矮缩病毒外壳蛋白基因S8在昆虫细胞中的表达

将水稻矮缩病毒 (RiceDwarfVirus,RDV)外壳蛋白基因S8克隆到杆状菌毒转移载体 pVL1 393中 ,重组转移载体 pVL1 393 S8与线性杆状病毒RP2 3.LacZ共转染草地夜蛾细胞sf9,经过细胞体内同源重组、PCR筛选得到重组病毒RP2 3 S8。重组病毒RP2 3 S8感染sf9细胞后 ,收集细胞 ,并进行SDS PAGE及Western blot检测。结果表明 ,S8基因在昆虫细胞中成功表达 ,且在感染后 96h表达量最高     

鹅细小病毒vp基因片段的原核表达及抗血清的制备

以鹅细小病毒(Gooseparvovirus,GPV)HG5/82株基因组作为PCR反应模板,扩增vp基因3’端长864bp的基因片段,将其克隆到pMD18-TSimple克隆载体后转化入大肠杆菌TG1。筛选阳性质粒,并通过BamHⅠ和HindⅢ将外源基因定向克隆到原核表达载体pET-30a,阳性重组质粒经确证性序列测定,证明外源片断插入到pET-30a的预期位置。将其转入大肠杆菌BL21,经终浓度为0.6mmol/L的IPTG诱导,SDS-PAGE表明外源基因获得表达,融合蛋白分子量约为34kDa。将诱导后的工程菌用6mol/L盐酸胍裂解,经超声处理后离心,利用镍离子亲和树脂对裂解产物的上清进行纯化。用纯化的融合蛋白免疫新西兰白兔制备兔抗该融合蛋白的抗血清。Westernblotting结果表明制备的兔抗血清与该融合蛋白及亲本病毒的结构蛋白都具有反应性。结合前期工作进展对GPVVP蛋白的B细胞线性抗原表位进行定位。     

重组肺炎支原体CARDS毒素蛋白临床检测应用的初步研究

目的初步探讨肺炎支原体CARDS毒素蛋白在检测肺炎支原体感染中的应用价值。方法 PCR扩增CARDS毒素基因并连接到PMD-19-T载体,经酶切、PCR及核苷酸测序分析后,将CARDS毒素基因片段克隆到pGEX-6p-1表达载体内并转入受体菌。IPTG诱导大肠埃希菌BL21重组株(pGEX-6p-1-CARDS)的表达。GST柱层析纯化重组CARDS毒素蛋白,以该重组蛋白和重组P1蛋白为抗原建立间接ELISA方法,检测85份感染肺炎支原体的血清标本,并与重组P1蛋白的ELISA结果进行比较。结果 CARDS毒素蛋白表达载体构建成功并表达大小为43kDa的重组蛋白,Western blot测定其能与兔抗Mp多价抗血清发生反应。ELISA结果显示,CARDS毒素蛋白的阳性率为70.59%(60/85),重组P1蛋白的阳性率为63.53%(54/85)。结论本研究成功构建了CARDS毒素蛋白表达载体并获得了稳定表达的重组菌株;在诊断肺炎支原体感染的血清学ELISA试验中,重组CARDS毒素蛋白的敏感性高于重组P1蛋白,为Mp感染的诊断提供了新的可用抗原。     

番茄环纹斑点病毒Gn蛋白的原核表达及多抗血清制备

通过生物信息学预测,番茄环纹斑点病毒(Tomato zonate spot virus,TZSV)Gn蛋白为跨膜蛋白,有3个跨膜结构域,抗原表位预测发现非跨膜区包含有较高的抗原指数区域,因此选择Gn蛋白的非跨膜区进行原核表达及多抗血清制备。用特异性引物,通过RT-PCR从感染TZSV的番茄中扩增出部分Gn基因片段,将获得的片段构建到原核表达载体pET-30a中,获得原核表达载体pET-30a-Gn,转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),用IPTG诱导表达。SDS-PAGE电泳分析显示,高效诱导表达了40 kD融合蛋白。用回收纯化的融合蛋白免疫家兔,获得多抗血清。间接ELISA测定多抗血清的效价为1/16 384。利用制备好的抗血清对感染TZSV的病样进行Western blotting检测,能检测到特异性条带。结果表明该抗血清特异性良好,可用于TZSV Gn相关的免疫反应实验。     

六种藓类植物茎的比较解剖学研究

通过对6种藓类植物,即褶叶青藓(Brachythecium salebrosum(Web.et Mohr.)B.S.G.)、湿地匐灯藓(Plagiomnium acutum(Lindb.)Kop.)、侧枝匐灯藓(Plagiomnium maximoviczii(Lindb.)Kop.)、大凤尾藓(Fissidensnobilis Griff.)、大羽藓(Thuidium cymbifolium(Doz.et Molk.)B.S.G.)和大灰藓(Hypnum plumaeforme Wils.)嫩茎和老茎的石蜡切片和显微观察发现,同一藓类植株的嫩茎和老茎,茎结构稳定,不同种藓类植物茎横切面具有不同特征.植物体茎横切面形状、表层细胞的层数、细胞大小和细胞壁厚薄、皮层细胞大小和形状、中轴的有无以及比例等特征可以作为藓类植物的分科分类依据之一.     

Cause of Senescence of Nine Sorts of Flowers

The levels of endogenous phytohormones and respiratory rate in nine sorts of flowers such as Cymbidium faberi Rolfe, Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth and others were investigated both at full bloom and senescence and meanwhile the effect of exogenous phytohormones on prolonging the blossoms and promoting ethylene production were tested. There is a high content of endogenous ethylene in all the long-lived flowere, about 3–16 folds higer than the short-lived ones. There is a high level of ABA at full blooming flowers of short-lived flowers, in which there is no or only some cytokinins in it, but the ratio of CTK (6BA+zeatin)/ABA is smaller(l.7). The endogenous ABA reached a much higher level at senescence in all nine sorts of flowers, so it is reasonable to consider that it is ABA which plays an important role of regulation in controlling flower's senescence. There is a much higher level of GA3 and zeatin in the long-lived flowers which is not demonstrated in the shortlived ones. The respiratory rate is one of the factors controtling the longevity of flowers, but it does not play a decided role. Application of 6BA and zeatin prolongs distinctly orchid’s longevity, however exogenous IAA through the promotive action on ethylene production, evidently extends the longevity of the flowers of the Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth.     

Photoregulation of seed germination of wild-type and of an aurea-mutant of tomato

Seed germination of an aurea mutant of tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is promoted by continuous irradiation with red, far-red or long-wavelength far-red (758 nm) light as well as by cyclic irradiations (5 min red or 5 min far-red/25 min darkness). Far-red light applied immediately after each red does not change the germination behaviour. Seed germination of the isogenic wild-type, cv. UC-105, is promoted by continuous and cyclic red light while it is inhibited by continuous and cyclic far-red light and by continious 758 nm irradiation. Far-red irradiation reverses almost completely the promoting effect of red light. The promoting effect (in the aurea mutant) and the inhibitory effect (in the wild-type) of continuous far-red light do not show photon fluence rate dependency above 20 nmol m⁻² s⁻¹. It is concluded that phytochrome controls tomato seed germination throgh low energy responses in both the wild type and the au mutant. The promoting effect of continuous and cyclic far-red light in the au mutant can be attributed to a greater sensitivity to P_fr.     

龙胆科药用植物化学成分的研究现状

龙胆科植物在我国的分布范围很广,且多数为药用植物,其多数种属的药用植物,至今其化学成分尚未被系统研究。综述了目前龙胆科药用植物的化学成分的研究现状及一般提取方法,对近年来发现的环烯醚萜及裂环烯醚萜类化合物进行了总结,为本科药用植物的更深入研究提供了参考。     

The effects of glutamine of the maintenance of embryogenic cultures of Cryptomeria japonica

Summary Embryogenic tissues of sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) were induced on a modified Campbell and Durzan (CD) medium containing 1 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 600 mg l⁻¹ glutamine, and subcultured in the medium of the same composition for over 1 yr. This resulted in a mixed culture of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells. When embryogenic cells were isolated and cultured independently, their capacity to form embryogenic aggregates was lost. Thus, the non-embryogenic cells present within a mixed culture system were essential to the formation of embryogenic aggregates. When embryogenic tissues were isolated and cultured independently on a high glutamine-containing (2400 mg l⁻¹) medium, dry weights and endogenous levels of glutamine increased, and the tissue could generate a large number of embryogenic aggregates. Amino acid analysis of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells from the maintenance culture indicated a higher level of glutamine was present in the latter. The high endogenous level of glutamine in the non-embryogenic portion of mixed cell masses may be the supplier of glutamine for maintaining the embryogenic property of the tissues.     

Specificity of action of piperidylcholine derivatives as substrates of cholinesterases of various origin

The review deals with study of enzymologic properties of a novel highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate, N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium iodomethylate (“piperidylcholine”), and its 30 derivatives that were tested as effectors of cholinesterases of mammals and various species of Pacific squids. It was proven for the first time that responsible for specificity of action was structure of cyclic ammonium grouping of the alcohol part of molecule of the ester substrate. Analysis of specificity is performed based on enzymatic hydrolysis parameters—activity of catalytic center of cholinesterases and bimolecular constant of the reaction rate that are determined at optimal and low substrate concentrations. Among the specially synthesized group of thioester compounds there is revealed one more highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate—N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium.     

Interconnection of parameters of regulation system of lipid peroxidation and of morphophysiological parameters of mouse liver

A complex analysis of seasonal fluctuations of the mean group parameters of the system of regulation of lipid peroxidation has been performed in liver of Balb/c mice. Association of lipid characteristics and morphophysiological parameters is studied in the Balb/c mouse liver. An inter-connection is revealed between the liver index and the amount of lysoforms of phospholipids, the scale and character of the interconnection differing essentially depending on proportion of phos-phatidylcholine in mouse liver phospholipids.     

真菌类遗传学分析的知识结构教学

本文以认知结构理论为指导,讨论了真菌类遗传分析与高等动植物遗传分析的内在联系,认为利用这种内在联系进行教学可收到好的效果并说明了作者的具体教学过程。 Abstract:In the paper, the relationship between genetic analysis of Fungi and genetic analysis of high animal and plant was discussed.A good results were obtained when we adopted this method in the teaching.