藜蒿黄酮提取方法研究

通过对乙醇提取藜蒿黄酮各影响因素的研究,用正交实验探讨较好的提取方案。实验表明：15倍于物料的70％的乙醇在50℃以上温度下提取6h为最佳工艺。     

正交设计优选贯叶连翘中总黄酮提取工艺

本文采用正交设计实验,对影响贯叶连翘总黄酮提取工艺的因素进行了系统考察。结果发现,以总黄酮得率作为考察指标,影响贯叶连翘总黄酮提取的主次因素为:溶媒种类>提取时间>提取次数>溶剂用量,其中溶媒种类、提取时间、提取次数均对总黄酮的提取有显著性影响;贯叶连翘中总黄酮的最佳提取工艺条件为:用10倍量80%乙醇提取3次,每次1h。建立了以UV法测定贯叶连翘中总黄酮的含量方法。     

桑枝总黄酮的提取工艺研究

研究桑枝总黄酮的最佳提取工艺,本试验以桑枝（Tang10）为材料,以桑枝总黄酮得率为考察目标,采用二次回归正交旋转组合设计方法研究了提取温度、提取时间、乙醇浓度、料液比对桑枝总黄酮提取得率的影响,运用DPS软件对最佳工艺进行优化和验证。结果显示：试验范围内各因子对桑枝总黄酮提取率作用影响大小依次为提取温度〉料液比〉乙醇浓度〉提取时间;最佳提取参数为温度80℃,提取时间3．5h,乙醇浓度60％,料液比1：40部。因此,所建立数学回归模型在试验范围内能较准确的预测桑枝总黄酮的提取率．预测值与实测值相吻合,证明最佳工艺条件切实可行。     

黄精糕减压提取与常压提取降血糖活性成分的比较研究

目的：考察减压与常压提取对黄精糕降血糖活性成分的影响,从而优选一种科学、合理、稳定、可行的提取方法。方法：以黄精糕中降血糖活性成分和指标成分总黄酮、总多糖、葡萄糖、鞣花酸、山柰酚-3-O-芸香糖苷与干浸膏得率为评价指标,先用常压回流提取L9（34）正交设计试验法优化醇浓度、加溶剂量、提取时间、提取温度等常压与减压共有的提取工艺参数,再采用最佳工艺参数进行减压提取,95%可信区间重叠法比较减压与常压提取各成分的差异。结果：常压提取最佳工艺参数为：先用醇常压提取1次,加12倍量70%的乙醇,60℃提取1 h,再用水提2次,加水量分别为药材量的12、10倍,水提温度90℃,时间分别为2、1.5 h,减压提取醇浓度、加溶剂量、提取温度、提取时间皆同常压提取,仅提取压力为70%醇提150 hpa,水提70 hpa,减压提取醇提液中总黄酮、鞣花酸含量高于常压提取（P＜0.05）,减压提取水提液中葡萄糖含量高于常压提取（P＜0.05）。结论：减压提取优于常压提取,减压提取最优工艺参数为70%醇提70 hpa,水提150 hpa,先用70%乙醇减压提取1次,加入12倍量70%的乙醇,60℃减压提取1 h,再用水减压提取2次,加水量分别为药材量的12、10倍,水提取温度90℃,时间分别为2、1.5 h。减压提取工艺科学、合理、稳定、可行,可为工业生产提供科学依据。     

丹参酚酸水提取工艺的研究

本文以药典规定的水溶性总酚酸紫外吸收度为检测指标,考察了丹参酚酸的最佳提取工艺。研究结果表明,最佳提取工艺为：采用16倍水煎煮,每次煎煮时间不能超过0．5h,煎煮4次后基本提取完全。另外本文还对水提液的醇沉工艺进行了考察,研究结果表明50％醇沉的效果最好。     

酶法提取银杏黄酮类化合物研究

本文研究了纤维素酶酶解法提取银杏总黄酮工艺。与传统的乙醇提取工艺相比,银杏总黄酮得率提高了18．92％。实验确定了最佳提取条件：酶浓度0．40mg／mL,酶作用时间120min,酶解温度50℃,酶解介质pH值为4．5,乙醇浓度70％,提取温度70℃。     

正交试验法考察参附丹强心颗粒的制备工艺

目的:优选参附丹强心颗粒的提取工艺。方法:采用正交试验,以出膏率和丹参素钠含量考察水提工艺条件。结果:水提取的最佳工艺为药材用8倍量水提取3次,每次3h。加入乙醇使含醇量达70%,搅匀,静置24小时,滤过,回收乙醇至无醇味。3批验证结果,出膏率18.81%,丹参素钠含量23.06mg/g。结论:上述实验结果可作为参附丹强心颗粒的提取工艺。     

正交试验优选艾叶总黄酮索氏提取工艺

采用正交试验法,对艾叶总黄酮索氏提取工艺进行考察,确定艾叶总黄酮最优提取工艺。结果发现,以总黄酮得率作为考察指标,艾叶中总黄酮的最佳提取条件为:料液比为1∶35,浸提温度为80℃,浸提时间为3h,乙醇体积分数为70%,艾叶总黄酮得率高达3.85%。     

银杏叶总黄酮的超声波提取法

本文通过单因素实验和正交实验,确定了超声波法提取银杏叶中黄酮类化合物的最佳提取工艺,并与常规乙醇浸提法,微波提取法作了比较研究。实验表明：超声波提取法优于常规乙醇浸提法和微波提取法。超声波法的最佳操作条件为：320W超声波功率,温度30℃,70％乙醇,在液固比15：1条件下提取10min,连续提取2次,总黄酮提取率可达94．1％。     

苏州荠苧总黄酮的提取工艺研究

目的:研究苏州荠苧总黄酮的提取工艺.方法:选择乙醇浓度(A)、溶媒倍数(B)、提取时间(C)等为考察因素,以总黄酮含量为考察指标,采用正交试验设计考察提取工艺.结果:乙醇浓度和提取时间对总黄酮含量影响显著,应加以控制.结论:最佳提取工艺为A1B1C3,即加8倍量的浓度为70%的乙醇回流提取6 h,总黄酮得率最高.     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒研究进展

传染性法氏囊病(Infection bursal disease, IBD)是由鸡传染性法氏囊病毒(Infectious bursal disease virus, IBDV)引起的鸡和火鸡的一种高度接触性传染病,给世界各国的禽养殖业带来了巨大损失.自IBDV发现至今新的变异株不断出现,分子结构的改变导致病毒致病力的改变及宿主对疫苗应答的改变,使得传统的疫苗已不能控制其流行,因此各国学者对其基因组结构和功能进行了广泛深入的研究,并积极研制新型有效的疫苗以达到防治的目的.     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).