奸狡长蠹属Apate六种识别

研究了奸狡长蠹属Apate 6个种:钻孔奸狡长蠹Apate terebrans(Pallas)、杂奸狡长蠢Apate degener Murray、射影奸狡长蠹Apate reflexa Lesne、咖啡黑长蠹Apate monachus Fabricius、毛额奸狡长蠹Apate femoralis F&hraeus和毛跗奸狡长蠹Apate indistincta Murray,其中咖啡黑长蠹是我国进境植物检疫性害虫.提供了上述6种奸狡长蠹的鉴定检索表,并分别描述了主要形态特征、寄主、分析和经济重要性.     

基于mtDNA CO I基因的十种长小蠹分子系统进化研究 (鞘翅目:长小蠹科)

全世界记录的长小蠹(鞘翅目:长小蠹科)有1 500余种,其分类地位一直存在争议.本研究通过分子基因信息探讨长小蠹科昆虫的分子系统进化关系,测定了中对长小蠹Euplatypus parallelus(Fabricius)、希氏长小蠹E. hintzi Schaufuss、散对长小蠹E. solutus Schedl、杯长小蠹Dinoplatypus cupulatus Chapuis、小杯长小蠹D.cupulatulus Schedl、芦苇黄截尾长小蠹D.calamus Blandford、五棘长小蠹Diapus quinquespinatus Chapuis、锥长小蠹Treptoplatypus solidus Walk、栎长小蠹Platypus quercivorus Murayama和东亚长小蠹P.lewosi Blandford等长小蠹科5属10种mtDNA CO I基因部分序列(549 bp);采用MEGA3.1分析了序列组成及遗传距离,应用PAUP4.0分别构建了长小蠹NJ,MP和ML等3种分子系统树,同时结合长小蠹的形态分类,探讨10种长小蠹及其所在属的系统进化.结果表明:长小蠹科昆虫在碱基使用频率上有很大的偏向性;长小蠹科与外群小蠹科松瘤小蠹Orthotomicus erosus Wollaston之间的遗传距离(0.288～0.338)远大于科内种间距离(0～0.226);Diapus属分化最早,Euplatypus属独成一支,Treptohlatypus,Dinoplatypus和Platypus 3属分化为一支.长小蠹科分子系统进化研究结果与Wood(1993)新修订的分类系统基本一致,说明长小蠹科的分类系统更趋于合理.     

异胫长小蠹属中国记录种

我国2007年修订公布的《中华人民共和国进境植物检疫性有害生物名录》将异胫长小蠹属非中国种作为我国进境植物检疫性有害生物。因此开展该类群中国记录种的厘订工作具有重要意义。本文记述了异胫长小蠹属中国记录种13种,即针叶异胫长小蠢Crossotarsus conife瑚、缺刻异胫长小蠹cemancipatus、外齿异胫长小蠹cexternedentatus、壳斗异胫长小蠹cfagacearum、黄翅长小蠹c伽o,,啪u纽础、端刺异胫长小蠢Cimpariporus,日本异胫长小蠢cniponicus、黑异胫长小蠹c．piceus、台湾异胫长小蠢csauteri、简长小蠹csimplex、鳞异胫长小蠹c．squamulatus、端异胫长小蠢Cterminatus和华氏异胫长小蠹c．wallacei,对这些种类的主要形态特征进行了描述,并编制了种类检索表。同时整理出了这些种类的寄主及分布。     

异胫长小蠹属中国记录种

我国2007年修订公布的《中华人民共和国进境植物检疫性有害生物名录》将异胫长小蠹属非中国种作为我国进境植物检疫性有害生物。因此开展该类群中国记录种的厘订工作具有重要意义。本文记述了异胫长小蠹属中国记录种13种,即针叶异胫长小蠹Crossotarsus coniferae、缺刻异胫长小蠹C.emancipatus、外齿异胫长小蠹C.externedentatus、壳斗异胫长小蠹C.fagacearum.、黄翅长小蠹C.flavomaculotus、端刺异胫长小蠹C.impariporus,日本异胫长小蠹C.niponicus、黑异胫长小蠹C.piceus、台湾异胫长小蠹C.sauteri、简长小蠹C.simplex、鳞异胫长小蠹C.squamulatus、端异胫长小蠹C.terminatus和华氏异胫长小蠹C.wallacei,对这些种类的主要形态特征进行了描述,并编制了种类检索表。同时整理出了这些种类的寄主及分布。     

番禺口岸从进境原木中截获的长蠹科害虫

本文用图文描述了番禺口岸近3年来从进口原木中截获的8种长蠹科害虫,包括电缆斜坡长蠹Xylopsocus capucinus(Fabricius)、黄足长棒长蠹Xylothrips flavipes(Illiger)、竹蠹Dinoderus minutus(Fabricius)、三胝双棘长蠹Sinoxylon senegalense Karsch、双棘长蠹Sinoxylon anale Lesne、双钩异翅长蠹Heterobostrychus aequalis(Waterhouse)、大竹蠹Bostrychopsis parallela(Lesne)和红艳长蠹Xylothrips religiosus(Boisduval)等重要长蠹成虫的主要形态特征,并编制了分种检索表.     

四钩异翅长蠹的生物学和防治

<正> 四钩异翅长蠹Heterobostrychus aequalis Waterhouse属鞘翅目,长蠹科(Bostrychidae),异翅长蠹属。该虫在广东东莞为害藤料,使藤厂遭受严重损失。     

双棘长蠹属的检疫鉴定

长期以来,双棘长蠹的英文和中文资料不但收录的种类少,而且与莱纳的权威著述在有些形态描述上不一致。本文根据莱纳的法文原著,将双棘长蠹属害虫的主要形态特征和38种的检索表结合特征图编译如下,供口岸检疫鉴定和国内林木害虫调查时作参考。     

基于mtDNA COⅠ基因的十种长小蠹分子系统进化研究（鞘翅目：长小蠹科）

全世界记录的长小蠹（鞘翅目：长小蠹科）有1 500余种,其分类地位一直存在争议。本研究通过分子基因信息探讨长小蠹科昆虫的分子系统进化关系,测定了中对长小蠹Euplatypus parallelus（Fabricius）、希氏长小蠹E. hintzi Schaufuss、散对长小蠹E. solutus Schedl、杯长小蠹Dinoplatypus cupulatus Chapuis、小杯长小蠹D. cupulatulus Schedl、芦苇黄截尾长小蠹D. calamus Blandford、五棘长小蠹Diapus quinquespinatus Chapuis、锥长小蠹Treptoplatypus solidus Walk、栎长小蠹Platypus quercivorus Murayama和东亚长小蠹P. lewisi Blandford等长小蠹科5属10种mtDNA COⅠ基因部分序列（549 bp）;采用MEGA3.1分析了序列组成及遗传距离,应用PAUP4.0分别构建了长小蠹NJ,MP和ML等3种分子系统树,同时结合长小蠹的形态分类,探讨10 种长小蠹及其所在属的系统进化。结果表明：长小蠹科昆虫在碱基使用频率上有很大的偏向性;长小蠹科与外群小蠹科松瘤小蠹Orthotomicus erosus Wollaston之间的遗传距离（0.288～0.338）远大于科内种间距离（0～0.226）;Diapus属分化最早,Euplatypus属独成一支,Treptohlatypus, Dinoplatypus和Platypus 3属分化为一支。长小蠹科分子系统进化研究结果与Wood（1993）新修订的分类系统基本一致,说明长小蠹科的分类系统更趋于合理。     

进口竹藤中竹长蠹五近似种的鉴别(鞘翅目:长蠹科)

介绍了近年从进口竹藤检疫中多次截获的5种竹长蠹:双窝竹长蠹 Dinoderus bifoveolatus (Wollaston)、小竹长蠹D. brevis Horn、日本竹长蠹D. japonicus Lesne、竹长蠹D. minutus Fabricius及小点竹长蠹D. ocellari Stephens,分别介绍了头、前胸背板、鞘翅、腹面及足的主要鉴别特征,并编制了这5个近似种的检索表.     

长蠹科几种检疫性害虫的ND4基因序列及系统进化

长蠹科昆虫严重危害林木和仓贮物品。应用非损伤性DNA测序技术测定了来自不同国家的长蠹科害虫的线粒体DNA ND4 基因的部分序列。在获得的204 bp的序列中,5种昆虫的序列变异丰富,多数变异发生在密码子的第3位点上。用PAUP3.1.1数据分析软件构建了5个种的合意简约树。并将实验结果与形态学特征比较分析,探讨5个种及所在属的系统进化。结果表明：双钩异翅长蠹所在的异翅长蠹属分化最早,其次是竹大长蠹所在的大长蠹属、双棘长蠹和黑双棘长蠹所在的双棘长蠹属及红艳长蠹所在的钻木长蠹属。双棘长蠹和黑双棘长蠹隶属同一个属,遗传关系最近,分化最晚,与形态学研究结果相吻合。     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.     

Detection of EBV and HHV6 in the Brain Tissue of Patients with Rasmussen’s Encephalitis

Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE) is a rare pediatric neurological disorder, and the exact etiology is not clear. Viral infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of RE, but conflicting results have reported. In this study, we evaluated the expression of both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus (HHV) 6 antigens in brain sections from 30 patients with RE and 16 control individuals by immunohistochemistry. In the RE group, EBV and HHV6 antigens were detected in 56.7% (17/30) and 50% (15/30) of individuals, respectively. In contrast, no detectable EBV and HHV6 antigen expression was found in brain tissues of the control group. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in 20.0% (6/30) of individuals. In particular, a 4-year-old boy had a typical clinical course, including a medical history of viral encephalitis, intractable epilepsy, and hemispheric atrophy. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in neurons and astrocytes in the brain tissue, accompanied by a high frequency of CD8⁺ T cells. Our results suggest that EBV and HHV6 infection and the activation of CD8⁺ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RE.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.