溶瘤单纯疱疹病毒治疗技术及其进展

溶瘤病毒治疗是当前肿瘤治疗技术的研究热点,溶瘤单纯疱疹病毒是目前研究最多的,也是抗肿瘤作用最好的溶瘤病毒之一,本文就主要介绍溶瘤单纯疱疹病毒的优势、遗传操作、发展策略、研究进展及靶向性策略等。     

溶瘤病毒调控肿瘤微环境及联合治疗的研究进展

溶瘤病毒是一类天然的或经改造后获得具有靶向杀伤癌细胞能力的病毒,除了能特异性杀伤肿瘤细胞外,经改造后的溶瘤病毒对肿瘤微环境的调控作用也会影响其最终疗效.通过调控肿瘤微环境中肿瘤细胞抗原的表达、免疫抑制状态、肿瘤相关成纤维细胞及肿瘤血管新生等,溶瘤病毒为肿瘤的治疗提供了更为系统的治疗策略;联合免疫检查点抑制剂的使用能使两者获得协同和互补的功效,进一步提升了肿瘤全面和有效的治疗.本文将对溶瘤病毒对肿瘤微环境调控作用及联合治疗的研究进展进行综述.     

溶瘤病毒联合小分子抑制剂应用于肿瘤治疗的研究进展

溶瘤病毒因具有选择性杀伤肿瘤细胞的特性,已成为目前较有前景的肿瘤治疗类药物。溶瘤病毒疗法的安全性和有效性在临床中已得到证实,但由于恶性肿瘤高度的异质性和复杂性使得溶瘤病毒单药治疗肿瘤的效果受限,因此溶瘤病毒联合其他肿瘤治疗药物一起协同治疗肿瘤将是未来肿瘤治疗的重要发展方向之一,有望为肿瘤的治疗带来新的突破。新近研究表明,不同的小分子抑制剂可通过多种机制控制肿瘤生长,其在体外协同溶瘤病毒能达到更优的肿瘤治疗效果。本文就目前溶瘤病毒联合小分子抑制剂治疗肿瘤的研究进展进行综述。     

特发性肺纤维化的机制与治疗

组织纤维化会对限制性疾病,如特发性肺纤维化(idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, IPF)患者的肺部结构和功能造成不可逆损伤。血管外凝血、纤溶酶与纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂-1被认为在肺纤维化的发展中发挥作用。凝血激活与纤溶酶激活的蛋白酶可以分别形成和分解纤维蛋白系统,凝血酶、凝血剂和凝血因子Xa可以裂解蛋白酶活化受体促进纤维化;而尿激酶纤溶酶原激活剂的纤溶酶原蛋白酶也能结合受体引发纤维化活化。本综述聚焦IPF并描述了两个纤维蛋白稳态系统参与及促进间质纤维化,认为选择性靶向受体介导的凝血剂和纤溶酶蛋白酶既可以限制肺纤维化发展,又没有与溶栓治疗和常规抗凝血剂相关的出血并发症的危险。     

溶瘤腺病毒在肿瘤靶向治疗中的研究进展

溶瘤腺病毒是一组通过基因工程构建的腺病毒、能够选择性在肿瘤细胞中完成感染-复制周期,从而特异性地杀伤、溶解肿瘤而不伤及其他正常细胞、组织,其作用机制包括：通过基因的缺失突变、插入特异性启动子、以及通过病毒结构蛋白的修饰等方面,实现肿瘤靶向治疗作用。本文就相关研究及进展进行综述。     

溶瘤腺病毒在肿瘤靶向治疗中的研究进展

溶瘤腺病毒是一组通过基因工程构建的腺病毒、能够选择性在肿瘤细胞中完成感染-复制周期,从而特异性地杀伤、溶解肿瘤而不伤及其他正常细胞、组织,其作用机制包括:通过基因的缺失突变、插入特异性启动子、以及通过病毒结构蛋白的修饰等方面,实现肿瘤靶向治疗作用。本文就相关研究及进展进行综述。     

溶瘤麻疹病毒的临床研究与转化进展

肿瘤已成为危及全人类生命的重大疾病,虽然常规治疗手段如手术及放疗/化疗等不断发展,但对某些复发、难治性恶性肿瘤仍然束手无策,亟需安全、有效可行的治疗手段。在肿瘤基因治疗领域,能在肿瘤细胞内大量自我复制并选择性杀伤肿瘤细胞的溶瘤病毒(Oncolytic virus)逐渐崭露头角,目前溶瘤病毒抗瘤治疗备受关注。其中溶瘤麻疹病毒疫苗株(MV-Edm)因其可靠的安全性和优良的溶瘤效果已进入几项临床试验,为推动其临床转化奠定了基础,期望为肿瘤患者带来治疗上的突破。本文就目前溶瘤麻疹病毒的临床研究与转化进展的相关研究成果进行综述。     

携细胞因子的溶瘤病毒的研究现状CSCD

随着科技的发展和对肿瘤认识的不断深入,针对肿瘤的治疗手段除了常规的放化疗和外科手术之外,免疫治疗已经逐渐兴起,并展现了良好的发展前景。以溶瘤病毒为代表的肿瘤免疫治疗方法已逐渐成为肿瘤治疗领域的研究热点,本文就溶瘤病毒的杀瘤原理、种类及携带细胞因子的溶瘤病毒在肿瘤治疗中的研究现状进行综述。     

雷帕霉素联合ZD55-TRAIL病毒对肿瘤抑制及其机制探讨

溶瘤腺病毒的肿瘤靶向性研究一直是一个热点。目前已有商业化的ONYX-015、H101溶瘤腺病毒。在此基础上,科学家又进一步发展形成基因-病毒治疗方案,如文中应用的ZD55-TRAIL病毒。本研究利用刘新垣实验室提供的携带TRAIL(TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand,TNF相关的凋亡诱导配体)的溶瘤腺病毒ZD55-TRAIL联合雷帕霉素杀伤肿瘤     

溶瘤病毒联合CAR-T细胞治疗实体瘤研究进展

嵌合抗原受体修饰的T细胞(chimeric antigen receptor T cells, CAR-T)疗法属于肿瘤免疫治疗的范畴。该疗法在血液系统恶性肿瘤治疗中表现优异,但在实体瘤治疗中存在诸多挑战。近年来,溶瘤病毒(oncolytic viruses, OVs)在针对黑色素瘤、脑胶质瘤等实体瘤适应证的临床试验中展现出良好的疗效。溶瘤病毒一方面选择性地在肿瘤细胞中复制杀伤肿瘤细胞,另一方面通过激活机体自身的免疫系统发挥抗肿瘤作用。因此,溶瘤病毒与免疫检查点抑制剂、肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞疗法(tumor infiltrating lymphocytes, TIL)等免疫疗法的联合应用也在广泛开展。目前研究表明,溶瘤病毒不仅能够增加CAR-T细胞的抗肿瘤活性,而且通过传递肿瘤相关抗原或特异性抗原来增强CAR-T细胞对肿瘤的杀伤作用,同时溶瘤病毒还可以帮助CAR-T细胞克服免疫抑制性的肿瘤微环境。两种疗法的联合应用在临床前研究中展现出了良好的疗效和安全性,能够解决CAR-T在实体瘤治疗领域的瓶颈,具有广阔的临床转化前景。本文就溶瘤病毒与CAR-T细胞联合治疗实体瘤的药效及相关机制研究展开论述...     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒研究进展

传染性法氏囊病(Infection bursal disease, IBD)是由鸡传染性法氏囊病毒(Infectious bursal disease virus, IBDV)引起的鸡和火鸡的一种高度接触性传染病,给世界各国的禽养殖业带来了巨大损失.自IBDV发现至今新的变异株不断出现,分子结构的改变导致病毒致病力的改变及宿主对疫苗应答的改变,使得传统的疫苗已不能控制其流行,因此各国学者对其基因组结构和功能进行了广泛深入的研究,并积极研制新型有效的疫苗以达到防治的目的.     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.