现代化分支杆菌菌库和基因库的建立与管理

医院分支杆菌菌库和基因库的建立 ,应用了计算机管理 ,不仅使各类菌及其相关资料得到系统管理 ,也为进一步研究和临床制定治疗计划提供了可靠信息 ,是医院现代化建设不可缺少的一环。     

紫杉醇及其衍生物的研究概况与发展趋势

本文分别从生物资源,药理学,化学合成和组织培养方面对红豆杉植物中紫杉醇及其衍生物的研究工作进行了综述,从中可以了解紫杉醇及其衍生物的研究概况与发展趋势。     

MORPHOLOGY AND ANATOMY OF NEW SPECIES OF SCHIZAEA AND ACTINOSTACHYS

The gametophyte, old embryo, and sporophyte of Schizaea pseudodichotoma sp. nov., sporophyte and female parental gametophyte of S. diversispora hybr. nov. (S. pseudodicholoma X probably S. dichotoma), sporophyte of S. rhacoindusiata sp. nov., and gametophyte, old embryo, and sporophyte of Actinostachys macrofunda sp. nov. are described. The taxonomy of Schizaea is discussed and the system of Diels is strongly supported. The two sectional names used by Diels, Euschizaea Hook, and Lophidium Rich, are replaced by Pectinatae Prantl and Schizaea respectively. The prime morphological significance of Schizaea pseudodicholoma lies in its leafless embryo and its simple leaf differing from other species in its section, and that of Actinostachys macrofunda lies in its reduction to nearly complete heterotrophic existence and its frequent multiple annulus. Fungal hyphae have been traced from Schizaea and Actinostachys through the substratum and into root nodules of Casuarina and into roots of two other angiosperms.     

DISTRIBUTION OF AMINO ACIDS AND OF EXO- AND ENDOPEPTIDASES ALONG VERTEBRATE AND INVERTEBRATE NERVES

Abstract— The proximo-distal gradients for representative peptidases, peptidylpeptide hydrolases, and amino acids were measured in segments of peripheral nerve from invertebrates and vertebrates and in the lobster brain and ventral cord.
Crustacean nerve was characterized by a large pool of free amino acids totaling 100–200 μmoles/g wet wt. In lobster nerve, the principal free amino acid was aspartic acid which comprised 55 per cent of the free pool, whereas in the rat sciatic nerve it comprised only 5 per cent. The principal free amino acid in rat sciatic nerve was taurine (32 per cent of the pool) and in lobster brain glycine comprised 30 per cent of the pool. No consistent patterns emerged for the gradients along the nerves for amino acids and hydrolytic enzymes. In the leg nerve of the lobster, concentrations of aspartic acid and arginine were higher in the proximal region, and concentrations of proline and alanine were higher in the distal region. Concentrations of most amino acids were higher in the proximal regions of crab nerve, of lobster brain and ventral cord, and of rat sciatic nerve.
Rat sciatic nerve exhibited a pronounced proximo-distal increase in activity of aminopeptidase (Leu-Gly-Gly). In lobster leg nerve, activity of neutral proteinase was higher in the proximal segment, whereas activity of acid proteinase was higher in the distal segment. The best examples of proximo-distal gradients were found in lobster brain and ventral cord; activities of endopeptidases, arylamidases (Leu- and Arg-βNA), and aminopeptidase were higher in the supra-esophageal ganglia or cephalothorax segments than in the distal regions.     

ANATOMY AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE FLOWER AND FRUIT OF PERESKIA PITITACHE

Boke, Norman H. (U. Oklahoma, Norman.) Anatomy and development of the flower and fruit of Pereskia pititache. Amer. Jour. Bot. 50 (8): 843–858. Illus. 1963.—Flowers of P. pititache are about 6 cm in diameter and perigynous. The receptacle bears numerous broad bracts; the inner perianth segments are orange and deeply cleft; the numerous stamens develop centrifugally. The fundamentally superior gynoecium is broad and flat and consists of 10–18 connate carpels, the fertile portions of which are involute and adnate to the conical floral axis. The 8–16 ovules in each of the pocket-like locules are borne in 2 rows along the zone of adnation; placentation is axile. The short style and the style branches are lined with stigmatic tissue, which extends downward among the ovules. There is no definite stigma. The tip of the floral axis retains its meristematic characteristics beyond anthesis. In early fruit development, the rim of the floral cup grows in height, while the residual floral axis becomes a conspicuous peg-like columella. Concomitantly, the formation of numerous mucilage cells and cavities causes the ovary partitions and parts of the ovary roof to disintegrate. As a result, the seeds are contained in a single, moat-like cavity, which appears inferior. Late fruit development is characterized by the differentiation of numerous fiber sclereids in association with the extensive and complex vascular system.     

虎蛾科及夜蛾科新种、新亚种记述

当我们进行经济昆虫志分类工作时,曾发现虎蛾科一新种,夜蛾科一新种及一新亚种,兹分别作出记述,一并报导。 彩虎蛾 Eusemia arctopsa sp.n. 体长27毫米(图1);翅展78毫米;头部黑色,微带白点,下唇须黑色,第一和第二节端有白环,触角黑色,基部外侧有一白点;颈板黑色,中内部左右各一粉黄斑,翅基片黑色,基部到中部有一粉黄色三角形斑,中后胸黑色,中胸背面中央有两粉黄条,足黑色,后足跗     

ISOLATION AND ELECTROPHORETIC IDENTIFICATION OF HISTONES OF RAT BRAIN AND LIVER

Abstract—

• 1 Relatively pure brain nuclei were prepared on a discontinuous sucrose gradient which gave yields of between 40 and 60 per cent.
• 2 An extraction procedure has been developed for the isolation of total histones from brain and liver nuclei. This procedure is also applicable to the isolation of histones directly from whole brain and liver.
• 3 The electrophoretic pattern of histones prepared from brain and liver by the above procedure was similar to that of calf thymus histones.

     

四种鹭类繁殖生态生物学研究

本文对夜鹭,白鹭,黄鹭白鹭,池鹭混群在同一巢区的繁殖,种间协高及雏鸟生长进行进行了观察研究,其中黄嘴白路豫南大别山类新纪录,在此繁殖亦为首次发现。几种路在巢位,食性,取食活动和习性方面都表现出其混居同一巢地繁殖的种间协调性,符合高期假说。比较４种鹭鸟雏鸟生长过程中各生长参数。其中池鹭虽个体最小,但体重和各部位生长却对较快。     

STRUCTURE AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE FLOWER AND FRUIT OF PERESKIA DIAZ-ROMEROANA

Pereskia diaz-romeroana and its putative relatives are scandent plants with vigorously growing long shoots, small flowers and fruits, and tuberous root systems. Except for size, floral development parallels that in other pereskias. The gynoecium has three to six carpels, is basically superior with axlie placentation, and is partially divided into locules by the connate carpel margins. The closest relative of these Andean forms appears to be P. aculeata.     

多子小瓜虫的形态发生及其寄生导致翘嘴鳃组织病理变化

为阐明小瓜虫的形态发生及其对鳃组织的危害过程,本文开展了多子小瓜虫的光镜观察和翘嘴鲌鳃组织病理切片方面的研究。光镜形态研究发现小瓜虫运动时呈球形,直径500-800 m;前端具有耳廓状胞口和内陷的袋状胞咽;环境温度为18℃时,滋养体经1h左右发育成包囊,体表形成一层透明胶膜,并以虫体中央的分裂沟为界进行二分裂;子代虫体从8细胞期进入16细胞期时,包囊内部形成内胞膜将子代虫体等分为两个集团。组织切片结果显示虫体呈卵圆形,挤压了周围的包裹细胞,导致组织变形;鳃小片黏连,鳃丝上皮细胞受到破坏,严重区域鳃丝结构被完全破坏。本研究解析了小瓜虫的形态发生与发育过程以及对宿主危害的组织病理结构与机制,为揭示小瓜虫的侵染、发育和成熟规律奠定了理论基础,并为小瓜虫病害的有效防控提供理论资料。     

多变鱼腥藻藻胆体的分离和荧光鉴定其完整性与解离程度

完整藻胆体的室温荧光峰位于678nm附近,而不完整藻胆体其峰位于673nm以下。在液氮温度下,完整藻胆体的F686与F666相对荧光强度比值超过10,F686与F655之比值超过20。不完整藻胆体的F686与F666和F686与F655之比值远低于完整藻胆体。可用室温荧光峰的波长位置和液氮温度下F686与F655和F666的相对荧光强度比值来判断藻胆体的完整性和解离程度。而液氮温度下F686与F655,F666之比值是更灵敏的指标。       

糖蜜草（Melinis minutiflora Beauv．）幼穗分化发育．及花和果实形态的研究

本文对糖密草（ＭｅｌｉｎｉｓｍｉｎｕｔｉｆｌｏｒａＢｅａｕｖ．）的幼穗分化发育及花和果实的形态作了研究,将幼穗分化发育过程划分为以下九个时期：第一苞原基形成期;第一次枝梗原基形成期;第二、三次枝梗原基形成期;小穗及颖花原基形成期;雌、雄蕊原基形成期;花粉母细胞形成期;花粉母细胞减数分裂期;花粉充实期;花粉成熟期。全过程历时约需４２ｄ．从抽穗到颖果成熟约需５０ｄ。糖蜜草的花序为圆锥花序。每花序有可育花２０００—３０００朵．小穗是由小穗轴、内外颖片、不育花外稃和小花构成。小花包括有内外稃各一片、一鳞被、雄蕊三枚和一枚雌蕊,颖果千粒重为９１ｍｇ。