表达barstar基因及bar基因的转基因油菜的研究

从细菌Ｂａｃｉｌｕｓａｍｙｌｏｌｉｑｕｅｆａｃｉｅｎｓ染色体ＤＮＡ中克隆了ｂａｒｎａｓｅ抑制剂ｂａｒｓｔａｒ的基因,构建了带有ＴＡ－２９基因５′调控区（－１３００－＋３）与ｂａｒｓｔａｒ基因编码区、ＣａＭＶ３５Ｓ启动子与除草剂抗性基因ｂａｒ两个表达框架的植物表达质粒ｐＢＢＳ。以“双低”油菜“５－４”的子叶柄为受体,通过农杆菌介导的遗传转化,获得了在含有１０ｍｇ／Ｌ卡那霉素和２０ｍｇ／ＬＰＰＴ的筛选培养基上再生的转基因植株。ＰＣＲ分析结果表明,ｂａｒｓｔａｒ基因已整合到油菜染色体上;Ｎｏｒｔｈｅｒｎｂｌｏｔ检测表明,ｂａｒｓｔａｒ基因及ｂａｒ基因在转基因植物中得到了正确的调控与表达。以转基因油菜“５－４”为父本授粉给表达ｂａｒｎａｓｅ基因的雄性不育植株,不育株能正常结实。     

文摘

00 0 0 6 5反义ＰＥＰ基因调控油菜籽粒蛋白质 /油脂含量比率的研究[中 ]/陈锦清… / /农业生物技术学报 .1999,7(4) .- 316～32 0利用根癌农杜菌 (Ａｇｒｏｂａｃｔｅｒｉｕｍｔｕｍｅｆａｃｉｅｎｓ)ＥＨＡ10 1携带反义ＰＥＰ基因和卡那霉素、潮霉素抗性基因 ,采用共培养法转化甘蓝型油菜 (ＢｒａｓｓｉｃａｎａｐｕｓＬ .)浙油 75 8和浙优油1号的下胚轴 ,通过组织培养获得了能在潮霉素培养基上生长的油菜转基因植株。经ＧＵＳ组织化学染色及ＰＣＲ扩增检测 ,证明外源基因已插入油菜基因组并得到表达。浙油75 8转基因植株Ｔ1代种子平均含…     

抗芜菁花叶病毒转基因甘蓝型油菜的研究

以子叶柄为材料,建立了甘蓝型油菜（ＢｒａｓｓｉｃａｎａｐｕｓＬ．）双低品种的再生体系。通过子叶柄与农杆菌（ＡｇｒｏｂａｃｔｅｒｉｕｍｔｕｍｅｆａｃｉｅｎｓＬＢＡ４４０４）共培养,将表达载体ｐＢＴｕ中芜菁花叶病毒外壳蛋白（ＴｕＭＶ－ＣＰ）基因以整合方式导入甘蓝型油菜,然后用卡那霉素进行筛选,获得了油菜再生植株。经ＰＣＲ特异性扩增、点杂交和Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ印迹分析,证明再生植株基因组ＤＮＡ中整合了ＴｕＭＶ－ＣＰ基因。攻毒实验表明,有ＴｕＭＶ－ＣＰ基因插入的工程油菜对ＴｕＭＶ均有不同程度的抗性。     

黄瓜花叶病毒（CMV）运动蛋白基因介导的抗病性

利用Ｆｎｙ＿ＣＭＶ株系ＲＮＡ３ｃＤＮＡ克隆,构建了含有全长和编码区缺失５０１个核苷酸的运动蛋白（ＭＰ）基因植物表达载体ｐＢＭＰＲ和ｐＢＭＰＫ。在土壤农杆菌（Ａｇｒｏｂａｃｔｅｒｉｕｍｔｕｍｅｆａｃｉｅｎｓ（ＳｍｉｔｈｅｔＴｏｗｎｓｅｎｄ）Ｃｏｎｎ）ＬＢＡ４４０４介导下转化烟草（ＮｉｃｏｔｉａｎａｔａｂａｃｕｍＬ．）品种“ＮＣ８９”,分别经Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎｂｌｏｔｉｎｇ、ＲＴ＿ＰＣＲ或Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎｂｌｏｔｉｎｇ分析,外源基因已整合到再生植株中并得到表达。抗病性分析表明,含有缺失型ＭＰ基因的Ｒ０代转基因植株抗性较好,接种５０ｄ后,１０株转化植株中仍有５株不表现症状。在自然发病条件下,这５个含有缺失型ＭＰ基因转基因株系在Ｒ１代都表现了一定的抗病性。抗性主要表现为症状出现推迟,严重度减轻。利用ＰＣＲ筛选、种子卡那霉素抗性试验和温室抗病性测定等方法,初步认为Ｒ２代转基因烟草Ｋ＿６＿５株系为转基因抗病纯合系。而含有全长ＭＰ基因的Ｒ０代转化植株,前期没有表现明显的抗病性,但在接种４０ｄ后部分发病植株有恢复健康的趋势。     

双价抗虫基因陆地棉转化植株的获得

利用根癌农杆菌（Ａｇｒｏｂａｃｔｅｒｉｕｍｔｕｍｅｆａｃｉｅｎｓ（ＳｍｉｔｈｅｔＴｏｗｎｓｅｎｄ）Ｃｏｎｎ）介导法将含有豌豆外源凝集素（ｐｅａｌｅｃｔｉｎ,ＰＬｅｃ）基因和大豆Ｋｕｎｉｔｚ型胰蛋白酶抑制剂（ｓｏｙｂｅａｎＫｕｎｉｔｚｔｒｙｐｓｉｎｉｎｈｉｂｉｔｏｒ,ＳＫＴＩ）基因的双价抗虫基因植物表达载体ｐＢｉｎＬＫ用于陆地棉（ＧｏｓｙｐｉｕｍｈｉｒｓｕｔｕｍＬ．）栽培品种“新陆早１号”、“新陆中２号”、“冀合３２１”和“辽９”的转化。棉花无菌苗下胚轴经过与根癌农杆菌共培养、卡那霉素抗性愈伤组织的筛选、体细胞胚状体的诱导和植株再生等阶段成功地获得了双价抗虫基因陆地棉转化植株。ＮＰＴⅡ的ＥＬＩＳＡ检测、ＰＣＲ鉴定和ＰＣＲＳｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ检测证实,两个外源抗虫基因同时存在于再生植株基因组内。抗虫测试结果表明,转基因棉株对棉铃虫（ＨｅｌｉｏｔｈｉｓａｒｍｉｇｅｒａＨｕｂｎｅｒ）幼虫具有较强的抗性     

导入蜘蛛杀虫肽基因的烟草具有抗虫性

用带有杀虫肽基因的农杆菌（Ａｇｒｏｂａｃｔｅｒｉｕｍ ｔｕｍ ｅｆａｃｉｅｎｓ）ＬＢＡ４４０４ 转化烟草（Ｎｉｃｏｔｉａｎａ ｔａｂａｃｕｍ ）叶片,共获得３０ 株抗卡那霉素的再生植株． 用这些再生植株对棉铃虫（Ｈｅｌｉｏｔｈｉｓａｒｍ ｉｇｅｒａ）进行毒力测定,有３ 株转杀虫肽基因植株对棉铃虫有较强抗性． 与对照相比,这３ 株转基因烟草的杀虫率可达３０％～４５％ ,并能显著抑制昆虫蜕皮和生长发育,表现出明显的抗虫作用． 以这３ 株为主进行了ＰＣＲ 扩增及Ｎｏｒｔｈｅｒｎ ｂｌｏｔ实验,结果表明杀虫肽基因已插入到这３ 株植株的基因组中并表达出有活性的杀虫肽     

转基因烟草表达霍乱毒素B亚单位的研究

将霍乱毒素Ｂ亚单位（ＣＴＢ）基因克隆到质粒ｐＢｉｎ４３８中,分别构建植物表达载体ｐＢＩ－ＣＴＢ、ｐＢＩ－ＳＰＣＴＢ和ｐＢＩ－ＣＴＢＥＲ。采用叶盘法分别转化烟草Ｋ３２６,各表达载体得到了一批较基因植株。转基因烟草的ＰＣＲ和Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ ｂｌｏｔ分析表明ＣＴＢ基因整合到了烟草基因组中。转基因植株的ＥＬＩＳＡ和Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ ｂｌｏｔ分析表明ｐＢＩ－ＳＰＣＴＢ和ｐＢＩ－ＣＴＢＥＲ的转基因植株能有效表     

Studies on Pattern of Producing Transgenic Fish I.Production and Detection of All fish TRansgenic Common Carp With cMT sGH Gene

转基因鱼工作的开展被用于水产科学基础与应用研究的各个领域。应用方面的一项重要研究就是利用转生长激素基因来提高鱼的增长速度。需要解决两个问题：一是转基因鱼所使用的基因元件;二是外源基因的高整和率与高表达。已有许多报道认为：不同种动物的生长激素不一定相互促进生长。我们通过显微注射,将鲤鱼金属硫蛋白启动子（ｃＭＴ）与大马哈鱼生长激素基因（ｓＧＨ）的融合基因（ｃＭＴｓＧＨ）导入鲤鱼单细胞后期的早期胚胎,构建了全鱼转基因鲤鱼。通过斑点杂交、Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎｂｌｏｔ结合ＰＣＲＳｏｕｔｈｅｒｎｂｌｏｔ,对外源ｓＧＨ的整和进行了精确的检测和分析。实验选取性成熟鲤鱼,收集卵子和精子,湿法受精获得受精卵。经过基因注射,孵化后的鱼苗放入水族箱。待鱼苗平游,提取总ＤＮＡ进行检测。以ＰｓｔＩ酶切质粒ｐｃＭＴｃＧＨ（Ｆｉｇ．４）分离３．４ＫｂｓＧＨ片段,用随机引物标记,作为杂交探针。同时,设计并合成ｓＧＨ基因的ＰＣＲ特异引物。Ｆｉｇ．１的斑点杂交结果与Ｆｉｇ．２的ＰＣＲＳｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ结果相比较（Ｔａｂｌｅ１）,说明斑点杂交存在着高的假阳性。而ＰＣＲＳｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ将ＰＣＲ的快速、方便与Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ的准确性相结合,排除了Ｐ     

马铃薯卷叶病毒基因间隔区转化的马铃薯抗病性研究

将本室合成、克隆的马铃薯卷叶病毒（ＰｏｔａｔｏＬｅａｆｒｏｌＶｉｒｕｓ,ＰＬＲＶ）中国分离株的基因间隔区（ｉｎｔｅｒｇｅｎｉｃｓｅｑｕｅｎｃｅ,ＩＳ）双链ｃＤＮＡ以正、反向两种方式分别构建于转化载体ｐＲＯＫ２中,通过致瘤农杆菌介导,以马铃薯叶圆片为转化材料,转化马铃薯栽培品种Ｄｅｓｉｒｅ,获得了转基因植株。卡那霉素抗性分析和ＰＣＲ检测目的基因,证明ＰＬＲＶＩＳ双链ｃＤＮＡ已经整合到转基因马铃薯的染色体基因组中。将转基因植株移栽网棚用蚜虫接种ＰＬＲＶ,观察症状并用酶联免疫吸附测定（ＥＬＩＳＡ）检测转基因植株中ＰＬＲＶ含量。结果表明,表达ＰＬＲＶＩＳ正意和反意ＲＮＡ的转基因植株,接种病毒后表现无症状或症状轻微,ＰＬＲＶ平均滴度均较未转基因对照植株低。表达正意ＲＮＡ的转基因植株ＰＬＲＶ滴度降低４３％～７２％,表达反意ＲＮＡ的转基因植株ＰＬＲＶ滴度降低７２％～８６％,由此可见,表达ＰＬＲＶＩＳ反意ＲＮＡ的转基因马铃薯对ＰＬＲＶ抗性较强。     

表达核糖核酸酶基因的雄性不育油菜的获得

从细菌Ｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓａｍｙｌｏｌｉｑｕｅｆａｃｉｅｎｓ染色体ＤＮＡ中克隆了ＲＮａｓｅ（ｂａｒｎａｓｅ）基因,构建了ＴＡ－２９基因５＇调控区（－１３００－＋３）与ｂａｒｎａｓｅ基因的嵌合基因,通过农杆菌介导的遗传转化,获得了“双低”甘蓝型油菜“中双８２１”的转基因植株。转化植株与末转化植株在高度、生长速度、花器形态、花色等方面基本相同,但转化植株花丝短小、花药干瘪、没有花粉;自花授粉或以其为父本进行的异花授粉均不能结实,表现为完全的雄性不育。花药的横向解剖结构表明：转基因油菜雄性不育与绒毡层细胞的破坏有关     

甘蓝型油菜PEP基因片段的克隆和种子特异性反义表达载体的构建及转基因油菜的获得

丙酮酸羧化酶(PEP)是控制油菜蛋白质/油脂含量比例的一个种子的含油量.本研究利用PCR法从甘蓝型油菜花油5号(H045)克隆了PEP基因片段,并与载体pBI121-B构建了反义PEP基因的种子特异性植物表达载体,通过激光微束穿刺法将其转化到甘蓝型油菜中,目前已获得了转基因植株.     

Oilseed Rape Transformation and the Establishment of a Bromoxynil Resistant Transgenic Oilseed Rape

Using hypocotyls and cotyledons as transformed materials, an efficient transformation system of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) was established. Bxn gene (bromoxynil-resistant gene)was introduced into these plants, and bromoxynil-resistant transgenic oilseed rape was obtained. Themolecular monitoring experiments showed that these transgenic plants contained bxn gene. The herbicide experiments showed that these transgenic plants had resistance to 10-3 moL/Lbromoxynil.     

油菜的遗传转化及抗溴苯腈转基因油菜的获得

以油菜(Brassica napus L.)的下胚轴和子叶为转化受体,建立了油菜的高效转化系统。在此基础上,将抗除草剂溴苯腈基因(bxn基因)导入油菜,获得了抗溴苯腈转基因油菜。分子检测实验证明,转基因油菜中含有bxn基因。转基因油菜可抗高达10~(-3)mol/L的溴苯腈。     

种子特异性启动子(napinB promoter)分离、表达载体构建及转基因植物获得

利用PCR技术从油菜Brassica napus H165基因组DNA中分离了napinB启动子。序列分析表明,扩增片段(nap300)与文献报道的napinB启动子相应区域的同源性为97%。将其与gus连接构建种子特异性表达载体,农杆菌介导转化烟草。PCR、Southern结果显示,nap300已整合到烟草基因组DNA中,获得了转基因植株。     

种子特异性启动子（napinB promoter）分离，表达载体构建及转基因植物获得

利用PCR技术从油菜Brassica napus H165基因组DNA中分离了napinB启动子,序列分析表明,扩增片段（nap300)与文献报道的napinB启动子相应区域的同源性为97％,将其与gus连接构建种子特异性表达载体,农杆菌介导转化烟草,PCR,Southern结果显示,nap300已整合到烟草基因组DNA,获得了转基因植株。     

Induction of Male Sterility in Oilseed Rape by TA29-Barnase Gene

Chimaeric TA29-Barnase gene was introduced into oilseed rape (Brassica napus) of good quality and high yield by Agrobacteriurn tumefaciens transformation. The transgenic plants were obtained and transformed genome was determined by Southern blot analysis. About 90~/40 TA29-Barnase transgenic plants were male sterile. However, about 80% transgenic plants turned to be male fertile at temperature higher than 25 ℃. It suggested that male sterility of these transgenic plants was probably temperature sensitive.     

转vgb基因油菜的耐涝性

油菜是我国重要的油料作物和蛋白质饲料作物,涝害严重影响了我国油菜产业的发展,提高油菜的耐涝能力对于我国油菜可持续发展具有非常重大的意义。本研究采用PCR、Southern杂交等方法对转vgb基因油菜植株进行鉴定,15 d淹涝实验结果显示,转基因油菜的超氧化物歧化酶、丙二醛和脯氨酸含量在淹涝前后的变幅显著低于对照。对淹水后的农艺性状进行调查,转vgb基因的油菜相比较对照抗涝性明显得到增强,证明vgb基因在油菜中的表达对油菜的抗涝性具有显著作用。     

根癌农杆菌介导天花粉蛋白基因TCS转化茎瘤芥的研究

以茎瘤芥(Brassica junceavar.tumidaTsen et Lee)的子叶为外植体,通过根癌农杆菌(Agrobacterium tumefaciens)的介导,将天花粉蛋白(Trichosanthin,TCS)基因导入到茎瘤芥中。对所获得的31株抗性植株进行PCR扩增,其中阳性植株为23株;Northern blot分析结果表明基因TCS在转基因植株中能够正常表达。转基因植株接种病毒试验结果表明,转基因TCS的植株对芜菁花叶病毒TuMV的侵染有一定的抑制作用。     

Expression of the S receptor kinase in self-compatible Brassica napus cv. Westar leads to the allele-specific rejection of self-incompatible Brassica napus pollen

Expression of an S receptor kinase (SRK910) transgene in the self-compatible Brassica napus cv. Westar conferred on the transgenic pistil the ability to reject pollen from the self-incompatible Brassica napus W1 line, which carries the S910 allele. In one of the SRK transgenic lines, 1C, virtually no seeds were produced when the transgenic pistils were pollinated with W1 pollen (Mean number of seeds per pod = 1.22). This response was specific to the W1 pollen since pollen from a different self-incompatible Brassica napus line (T2) and self-pollinations were fully compatible. Westar plants expressing an S locus glycoprotein transgene (SLG910) did not show any self-incompatibility response towards W1 pollen. Transgenic Westar plants resulting from crosses between the 1C SRK transgenic line and three SLG910 transgenic lines were also tested for rejection of W1 pollen. The additional expression of the SLG910 transgene in the SRK910 transgenic plants did not cause any significant further reduction in seed production (Mean seeds/pod = 1.04) or have any detectable effects on the number of pollen grains that adhered to the pistil. Thus, while the allele-specific SLG gene was previously reported to have an enhancing effect on the self-incompatibility response, no evidence for such a role was found in this study.     

Cell Specific,Cross-Species Expression of Myrosinases in Brassica Napus,Arabidopsis Thaliana and Nicotiana Tabacum

A prototypical characteristic of the Brassicaceae is the presence of the myrosinase-glucosinolate system. Myrosinase, the only known S-glycosidase in plants, degrades glucosinolates, thereby initiating the formation of isothiocyanates, nitriles and other reactive products with biological activities. We have used myrosinase gene promoters from Brassica napus and Arabidopsis thaliana fused to the beta -glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene and introduced into Arabidopsis thaliana, Brassica napus and/or Nicotiana tabacum plants to compare and determine the cell types expressing the myrosinase genes and the GUS expression regulated by these promoters. The A. thaliana TGG1 promoter directs expression to guard cells and phloem myrosin cell idioblasts of transgenic A. thaliana plants. Expression from the same promoter construct in transgenic tobacco plants lacking the myrosinase enzyme system also directs expression to guard cells. The B. napus Myr1.Bn1 promoter directs a cell specific expression to idioblast myrosin cells of immature and mature seeds and myrosin cells of phloem of B. napus. In A. thaliana the B. napus promoter directs expression to guard cells similar to the expression pattern of TGG1. The Myr1.Bn1 signal peptide targets the gene product to the reticular myrosin grains of myrosin cells. Our results indicate that myrosinase gene promoters from Brassicaceae direct cell, organ and developmental specific expression in B. napus, A. thaliana and N. tabacum.