急性低氧和间断低氧习服对大鼠主动脉收缩和舒张功能的影响

目的：观察急性低和间断低氧习服对大鼠主动脉收缩和舒张功能的影响。方法：用去甲肾上腺素（ＮＥ）诱发大鼠离体动脉环的收缩,反映收缩功能的变化,主动脉环以０．６２μｍｏｌ／Ｌ ＮＥ预收缩后用乙酰胆碱（Ａｃｈ）舒张对抗,反映舒张功能的变化。结果：与常氧对照组相比,急性低氧和间断低氧习照大鼠主动脉对去甲肾上腺素（ＮＥ１０＾－９,１０＾０８,１０＾－７ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）介导的收缩反应显著增强（Ｐ〈０．０５～０．０１     

神经肽Y可减轻大鼠血管α1肾上腺素受体亚型的脱敏作用

以离体大鼠主动脉与肾动脉对去甲肾上腺素（ＮＥ）的收缩反应分别代表α１Ｂ与α１Ａ亚型肾上腺素受体（ＡＲ）激动时的生物学效应。血管经ＮＥ１０μｍｏｌ／Ｌ温育２ｈ后,α１－ＡＲ介导收缩效应的敏感性显著降低,其中α１Ｂ亚型ＡＲ的脱敏程度显著大于α１Ａ亚型ＡＲ。上述经ＮＥ温育的血管,在神经肽Ｙ（ＮＰＹ）０．５μｍｏｌ／Ｌ存在时,α１Ｂ亚型ＡＲ的脱敏程度显著减轻。ＮＥ收缩主动脉的两时相分析表明,脱敏时主要表现为相性收缩时间延长,收缩幅度降低,而紧张性收缩并无显著改变;在ＮＰＹ存在时上述相性收缩改变消失。提示α１Ｂ亚型ＡＲ脱敏的机制主要与细胞内Ｃａ２＋动员减慢减少有关。     

EDRF对PE引起的大鼠主动脉缩血管效应的作用

本文研究ＥＤＲＦ（ｅｎｄｏｔｈｅｌｉｕｍ－ｄｅｒｉｖｅｄｒｅｌａｘｉｎｇｆａｃｔｏｒ,ＥＤＲＦ）对ＰＥ（ｐｈｅｎｙｌｅｐｈｒｉｎｅ）引起的大鼠主动脉收缩反应的影响。内皮完整和去内皮的大鼠主动脉环悬挂于器官浴槽中,测定血管的张力和收缩速度的变化。所有的实验在消炎痛（ｉｎｄｏｍｅｔｈａｃｉｎ,１０μｍｏｌ／Ｌ）存在下进行。用美兰（ｍｅｔｈｙｌｅｎｅｂｌｕｅ,ＭＢ,１０μｍｏｌ／Ｌ）或左旋硝基精氨酸（ＮＧ－ｎｉｔｒｏ－Ｌ－ａｒｇｉｎｉｎｅ,Ｌ－ＮＮＡ,３０μｍｏｌ／Ｌ）处理内皮完整的大鼠主动脉环,ＰＥ的剂量－收缩张力曲线明显左移,ＥＣ３０值均降低５倍,最大反应比率分别为１．６±０．４和１．６±０．５。在去内皮的大鼠主动脉环中,经ＭＢ和Ｌ－ＮＮＡ处理后,仍可见ＥＣ３０下降３倍,最大反应比率均为１．０±０．２。后者可能与血管平滑肌产生少量ＥＤＲＦ有关。我们的结果提示ＰＥ对血管的收缩反应也受血管内皮和平滑肌产生的ＥＤＲＦ的调控     

α_1肾上腺素能受体介导去甲肾上腺素促大鼠培养心肌细胞蛋白质合成效应

在无血清和含１．０％、５．０％血清培养的新生大鼠心肌细胞标本上,去甲肾上腺素（ＮＥ,２．０μｍｏｌ／Ｌ）使细胞蛋白质含量（Ｌｏｗｒｙ法）分别比相应对照组增加４０％、２６％、１９％（Ｐ均＜０．０１）;细胞３Ｈ－亮氨酸参入量与ＮＥ浓度呈正性剂量依赖性,最大效应浓度为２０．０μｍｏｌ／Ｌ;无血清培养体系中,０．２、２．０、２０μｍｏｌ／Ｌ的ＮＥ使参入量分别比对照增加１７．８％、３５３％、３７．７％;１．０％血清培养体系中分别比对照增加１６．２％、２７．９％、３１．６％（Ｐ均＜０．０５）;哌唑嗪（２．０μｍｏｌ／Ｌ）可阻断ＮＥ的促蛋白质合成作用,心得安（２．０μｍｏｌ／Ｌ）则无此效应。提示在无血清或低浓度血清培养体系中,ＮＥ可促进心肌细胞蛋白质合成,增加细胞蛋白质含量,该作用可能是通过α１肾上腺素能受体介导。     

钙通道阻滞剂对肾上腺素能受体激动剂促血管平滑肌细胞增值的抑制

本工作观察到１０－６—１０－５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ去甲肾上腺素（ＮＥ）和１０－７—１０－５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ异丙基肾上腺素（ＩＳＯ）可明显促进离体培养的血管平滑肌细胞（ＶＳＭＣ）的增殖和ＤＮＡ的合成,并呈剂量依赖效应,该效应可为相应的受体阻断剂ｐｈｅｎｔｏｌａｍｉｎｅ（１０－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）和ｐｒｏｐｔａｎｏｌｏｌ（１０－５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）所抑制;ｎｉｆｅｄｉｐｉｎｅ（１０－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）和ｖｅｒａｒｏｍｉｌ（１０－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）分别与同样浓度的ＮＥ同时加入细胞培养液中,其细胞计数和３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ掺入率分别较单用ＮＥ时显著降低（Ｐ＜０．０１）,ｎｉｆｅｄｉｐｉｎｅ与ｖｅｒａｐａｍｉｌ亦明显抑制ＩＳＯ促ＶＳＭＣ增殖的作用。     

钙通道阻滞剂对肾上腺素能受体激动剂促血管平滑肌细胞增殖的抑制

本工作观察到１０＾－６－１０＾－５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ去甲明上腺素（ＮＥ）用１０＾－７－１０＾－５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ异丙基肾上腺素（ＩＳＯ）可明显促进离体培养的血管平滑肌细胞（ＶＳＭＣ）的增殖和ＤＮＡ的合成,并呈剂量依赖效应,该效应可为相应的受体阻断剂ｐｈｅｎｔｏｌａｍｉｎｅ（１０＾－６ｍｏｌ／ｌ）和ｐｒｏｐｒａｎｏｌｏｌ（１０＾－５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）所抑制;ｎｉｆｅｄｉｐｉｎｅ（１０＾－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）和ｖｅｒａｐａｍｉ     

α受体激动对绵羊心脏浦肯野纤维延迟后除极的影响

用乙酰毒毛旋花子成元０．２μｍｏｌ／Ｌ诱发绵羊心脏浦肯野纤维产生延迟后除极（ＤＡＤ）,采用细胞内微电极记录。在用普奈洛尔１．０μｍｏｌ／Ｌ阻断β受体条件下,苯肾上腺素１．０μｍｏｌ／Ｌ使ＤＡＤ幅值由８．１±２．２ｍＶ增至９．５±２．８ｍＶ,时程由２４０±４７ｍｓ延长到２７３±４７ｍｓ（ｎ＝１３,ＰＭ＜０．０１）,ＤＡＤ上升速率由０．０３９±０．０２３Ｖ／ｓ增至０．０５１±０．０２６Ｖ／ｓ（ｎ＝１３,Ｐ＜０．０５）,ＤＡＤ在动作电位后出现的时间提前了３０±４７ｍｓ（ｎ＝１３,Ｐ＜０．０５）。用去甲肾上腺素１．０μｍｏｌ／Ｌ增强ＤＡＤ引起触发活动时,酚妥０拉明１．８μｍｏｌ／Ｌ不能抑制触发活动,普奈洛尔１．０μｍｏｌ／Ｌ能抑制之。上述结果表明α受体激动对ＤＡＤ有轻度增强作用,但由ＤＡＤ引起的触发活动,α受体阻滞剂的抑制作用不如β受体阻滞剂有效。     

血管钠素肽对大鼠心室肌细胞L—型钙通道电流的影响

目的和方法：采用膜片钳全细胞记录方式观察血管钠素肽（ＶＮＰ）对大鼠单个心室肌细胞Ｌ型钙通道电流（ＩＣａ，Ｌ）的影响。结果：当心室肌细胞由保持电压４０ｍＶ除极到０ｍＶ时，０．１，０．２和０．４μｍｏｌ／Ｌ的ＶＮＰ分别使ＩＣａ，Ｌ内向电流峰值降低３１．０５％，４６．９５％和６０．７５％。该抑制作用与ＩＣａ，Ｌ的ｒｕｎｄｏｗｎ现象无关，且对ＩＣａ，Ｌ的最大激活电位无明显影响。当ＩＣａ，Ｌ被异丙肾上腺素（１０－７ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）预先激活后，ＶＮＰ（０．２μｍｏｌ／Ｌ）仍可使ＩＣａ，Ｌ电流峰值下降１８．２３％。结论：ＶＮＰ对大鼠心室肌细胞ＩＣａ，Ｌ具有明确的抑制作用，该作用可能是ＶＮＰ发挥其心血管效应的离子通道机制之一。     

枸杞多糖对肾性高血压大鼠离体血管反应性的影响及其机制

本工作利用两肾一夹肾性高血压大鼠模型,观察枸杞多糖对高血压大鼠血压的影响以及离体主动脉环丙皮细胞在调节血管张力中的功能改变,探讨ＬＢＰ对高血压发生发展的影响及其机制。结果表明,ＬＢＰ可防止２Ｋ１Ｃ大鼠高血压的形成。离体主动脉环灌流表明ＲＨ组对苯肾上腺素的收缩反应明显高于对照组,去除内皮后组间差异消失．     

红细胞抗高血压因子舒血管作用机制的研究

本实验研究了从Ｓｐｒａｇｕｅ－Ｄａｗｌｅｙ大鼠红细胞中提取的抗高血压因子（ａｎｔｉｈｙｐｅｒｔｅｎｓｉｖｅｆａｃｔｏｒ,ＡＨＦ）对苯肾上腺素引起的Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠胸主动脉螺旋条预收缩的舒张作用。结果表明：ＡＨＦ对主动脉条的舒张呈内皮与剂量依赖性。左旋硝基精氨酸与美蓝均可阻断ＡＨＦ的舒血管作用,而铜锌超氧化物歧化酶对ＡＨＦ的舒血管效应有促进作用。提示ＡＨＦ是通过刺激内皮细胞产生一氧化氨或其类似物,从而激活血管平滑肌细胞内可溶性鸟苷酸环化酶这一途径引起血管舒张的。     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒研究进展

传染性法氏囊病(Infection bursal disease, IBD)是由鸡传染性法氏囊病毒(Infectious bursal disease virus, IBDV)引起的鸡和火鸡的一种高度接触性传染病,给世界各国的禽养殖业带来了巨大损失.自IBDV发现至今新的变异株不断出现,分子结构的改变导致病毒致病力的改变及宿主对疫苗应答的改变,使得传统的疫苗已不能控制其流行,因此各国学者对其基因组结构和功能进行了广泛深入的研究,并积极研制新型有效的疫苗以达到防治的目的.     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).