血栓抽吸联合PCI术前阿托伐他汀强化治疗急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死

目的:探讨急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死急诊经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)中应用GOODMAN血栓抽吸装置联合术前阿托伐他汀强化治疗对心肌组织灌注及临床预后的影响.方法:选择梗死相关血管心肌梗死溶栓试验血流0级的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者80例,随机分为血栓抽吸联PCI术前阿托伐他汀强化治疗组(试验组)40例和标准PCI治疗组(对照组)40例.比较两组患者术后心肌梗死溶栓试验(TIMI)血流分级、TIMI心肌灌注分级(TMPG)、心电图ST段回落百分比、左心室射血分数(LVEF)及住院期间主要心血管不良事件(MACE).结果:试验组TIMI血流分级、TMPG、ST段回落百分比、LVEF均明显优于对照组(P＜0.05).两组患者住院期间MACE发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论:在急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死急诊经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)中应用血栓抽吸联合术前阿托伐他汀强化治疗安全可行,可有效清除冠状动脉内血栓,改善心肌组织灌注及术后心脏功能,并且不增加主要心血管事件的发生率.     

负荷剂量氯吡格雷治疗急性ST段抬高心肌梗死

目的:观察标准治疗基础上联合负荷剂量氯吡格雷治疗急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)的疗效及安全性。方法:106例12小时以内发病的ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为2组,2组均在入院后前3天给予阿司匹林300 mg.d~(-1),此后给予阿司匹林100 mg.d~(-1),A组不给予氯吡格雷治疗,B组入院即刻给予氯吡格雷300 mg,继之75 mg.d~(-1)治疗,平均随访30天。观察溶栓血管再通率、梗死后心绞痛发作、心力衰竭事件及死亡、再发心肌梗死或脑卒中的联合终点。结果:与A组相比,B组患者溶栓血管再通率显著提高、梗死后心绞痛发作明显减少;而在心力衰竭事件及死亡、再发心肌梗死、或脑卒中的联合终点的比较上差异无显著性意义。2组均无主要和次要出血事件发生,轻微出血发生率无统计学差异。结论:急性ST段抬高的急性心肌梗死患者,不论是否接受择期的冠脉介入治疗(PCI),在标准治疗的基础上早期加用氯吡格雷300mg负荷量,继之75 mg.d~(-1)口服,可显著提高溶栓成功率、降低梗死后心绞痛发作,且安全耐受性好。     

瑞替普酶溶栓治疗急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死80例临床分析

目的:观察瑞替普酶溶栓治疗急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死的临床效果。方法:80例急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为A组和B组,A组采用尿激酶溶栓治疗,B组采用瑞替普酶溶栓治疗。比较两组血管再通率,出血等并发症发生率。结果:B组溶栓治疗60分钟、90分钟、120分钟血管再通率显著高于A组(P0.05);两组并发症发生率、死亡率差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 :采用瑞替普酶溶栓治疗急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死,临床效果优于尿激酶,安全性良好。     

不同剂量氯吡格雷治疗急性ST段抬高心肌梗死的临床研究

目的:观察标准治疗基础上联合不同剂量氯吡格雷治疗急性ST段抬高心肌梗死的疗效及安全性。方法:2004年9月至2008年3月就诊我院的124例12小时以内发病的ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者,随机分为3组,3组均在入院后前3天给予阿司匹林300mg/d,此后给予阿司匹林100mg/d,A组常规不给予氯吡格雷治疗,B组给予氯吡格雷75mg/d,C组入院即刻给予氯吡格雷300mg,继之75 mg/d治疗,随访30天。观察溶栓血管再通率、梗死后心绞痛发作、心力衰竭事件及死亡、再发心肌梗死、或脑卒中的联合终点。结果:与A组相比,B组、C组患者溶栓成功率提高、梗死后心绞痛发作减少。P<0.05:进一步分析发现C组与B组差异无统计学意义,P>0.05。三组均无主要和次要出血事件发生,轻微出血发生率无统计学差异,P<0.05。结论:ST段抬高的急性心肌梗死患者在标准治疗的基础上早期加用氯吡格雷75 mg/d或先予300 mg负荷量,继之75 mg/d口服,均可提高溶栓成功率,降低梗死后心绞痛发生,而氯吡格雷负荷剂量组并不优于普通剂量组,且两组安全耐受性好。     

经血栓抽吸导管应用替罗非班及硝普钠对急性前壁ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者急诊PCI治疗效果的影响

目的:探讨经血栓抽吸导管应用替罗非班及硝普钠对急性前壁ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者急诊经皮冠状动脉介入(PCI)治疗效果的影响。方法:选取2013年5月～2018年5月期间我院收治的急性前壁ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者80例,根据随机数字表法分为对照组(n=40,血栓抽吸术后行PCI治疗)和研究组(n=40,血栓抽吸术后,经导管注入替罗非班及硝普钠后再行PCI治疗),比较两组患者心电图ST段回落变化、心肌梗死溶栓治疗(TIMI)血流分级情况、心功能指标及不良心血管事件发生率。结果:研究组完全回落发生率高于对照组(P0.05);两组部分回落、无回落发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。对照组PCI术后TIMI血流分级为3级的例数少于研究组(P0.05)。两组患者术后7 d左室收缩末期内径(LVESD)、左室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)降低,且研究组低于对照组(P0.05);左室射血分数(LVEF)升高,且研究组高于对照组(P0.05)。术后6个月内研究组不良心血管事件总发生率为7.50%(3/40),低于对照组的25.00%(10/40)(P0.05)。结论:急性前壁ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者经血栓抽吸导管应用替罗非班及硝普钠后行PCI,可提高心功能、心肌灌注状态及心电图ST段完全回落率,并减少不良心血管事件的发生率。     

尿激酶静脉溶栓治疗急性心肌梗死的近期疗效观察

为了观察尿激酶静脉溶栓治疗急性心肌梗死的疗效 ,我院从 1 996年 1 0月至 2 0 0 0年 8月收集心内科住院的急性心肌梗死伴 ST段抬高的患者72例。其中 40例用尿激酶静脉溶栓治疗 ,并与常规治疗的 3 2例进行比较。现将结果报告如下。1　临床资料1 .1　一般资料　 72例伴 ST段抬高的急性心肌梗死患者均为我科住院的病人。溶栓组 40例 ,均符合 1 996年 7月修订的急性心肌梗死溶栓疗法参考方案 [1]的标准入选。其中 ,男 2 8例 ,女 1 2例 ,年龄 43～ 87岁 ,平均 6 4岁。对照组 3 2例中 ,男 2 3例 ,女 9例 ,年龄 47～ 83岁 ,平均 6 2岁。两组性别…     

急性心肌梗死患者应用瑞替普酶溶栓治疗前后的护理观察

目的探讨急性心肌梗死患者应用瑞替普酶溶栓治疗前后的护理措施。方法对2014年12月~2015年11月在我院行瑞替普酶静脉溶栓治疗的急性心肌梗死(ST段抬高型)患者61例的临床护理资料进行总结分析。结果 61例患者中,冠脉再通53例,冠脉再通率为86.89%。结论通过对急性心肌梗死患者溶栓治疗前后的严密观察的,实施合理护理干预,可提高急性心梗患者溶栓治疗的安全性及有效性,提高治疗效果。     

非ST 段抬高型急性冠脉综合征患者心电图aVR 导联ST段抬高与近期 预后的相关性分析

目的:探讨非ST段抬高型急性冠脉综合征(NSTE-ACS)患者心电图a VR导联ST段抬高与近期预后的相关性。方法:将195例NSTE-ACS患者按照入院时a VR导联ST段是否抬高分为ST段抬高组和非ST段抬高组;记录两组患者的一般临床资料、实验室相关检查指标、冠脉病变情况以及住院期间是否发生主要不良心脏时间(MACE)等情况。结果:与非ST段抬高组比较,ST段抬高组患者心率较快、收缩压及舒张压较高,Killip分级≥2的比例亦较高(P0.05);ST段抬高组患者血清hs-CRP、NT-pro BNP、c Tn I、CK-MB高于对应组(P0.05),LVEF低于对应组;a VR导联以外ST段压低总例数及幅度亦高于非ST段抬高组(P0.05);ST段抬高组患者中冠脉三支病变以及左主干的比例高于非ST段抬高组(P0.05);与非MECE组比较,MECE组中入院AVR导联ST段抬高的比例及抬高的幅度较高(P0.05);心率、NT-pro BNP、c Tn I、冠脉左主干及三支病变与NSTE-ACS患者入院时a VR导联ST段抬高呈正相关(P0.05),而LVEF与其呈负相关(P0.05);a VR导联ST段抬高是NSTE-ACS患者近期发生MACE的高危因素。结论:心电图a VR导联ST段抬高与严重广泛的冠脉病变及大面积心肌缺血有密切关系,可能是NSTE-ACS患者近期预后的独立危险因素。     

静脉溶栓治疗28例急性心肌梗死的临床观察

目的:探讨静脉溶栓治疗急性心肌梗死(AMI)的临床疗效。方法:通过回顾性分析2011年9月至2012年8月在我院住院治疗的28例AMI患者采用静脉溶栓治疗,即观察组;与常规治疗后溶栓的29例AMI进行对照,比较两组发病至溶栓的时间和疗效。结果:两组发病至溶栓的平均时间以及冠脉再通率均具有显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论:静脉溶栓治疗急性AMI不但能减少发病至溶栓的时间,而且还可以提高AMI溶栓后的冠脉再通率,是急性心肌梗死的一种有效治疗方法。     

血清BNP浓度变化监测对预测STEMI患者PCI术后预后的预测价值

目的:分析血清B型钠尿肽(BNP)浓度变化对急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)患者经皮冠状动脉介入(PCI)术后预后的预测价值。方法:选取130例发病12 h内行PCI治疗的STEMI患者,通过荧光免疫法测定所有患者治疗前、发病24h、发病1周血清BNP水平,根据发病24 h血清BNP水平将患者分为A(≤100 pg/m L)、B(100~400 pg/m L)、C(400 pg/m L)三组,比较各组入院时Gensini评分、PCI术后1周左室射血分数(LVEF)、左心室舒张末期容积(LVEDV)、左心室壁运动积分指数(LVWMSI)及术后6个月预后(主要心血管不良事件)情况。结果:A组Gensini评分最低,B组居中,C组Gensini评分最高;C组入院时Gensini评分、CI术后1周LVWMSI、随访6个月再发心肌梗死、心力衰竭、心律失常发生率均显著高于A、B组,B组以上指标均明显高于A组(P0.05);Pearson相关性分析显示患者24 h血清BNP水平与LVWMSI呈显著正相关(r=0.728,P0.01)。结论:血清BNP水平可有效反映STEMI患者PCI术后心功能,对近期不良心血管事件有一定的预测价值。     

Prospective evaluation of eligibility for thrombolytic therapy in acute myocardial infarction.

OBJECTIVES--To determine the proportion of patients presenting with acute myocardial infarction who are eligible for thrombolytic therapy. DESIGN--Cohort follow up study. SETTING--The four coronary care units in Auckland, New Zealand. SUBJECTS--All 3014 patients presenting to the units with suspected myocardial infarction in 1993. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Eligibility for reperfusion with thrombolytic therapy (presentation within 12 hours of the onset of ischaemic chest pain with ST elevation > or = 2 mm in leads V1-V3, ST elevation > or = 1 mm in any other two contiguous leads, or new left bundle branch block); proportions of (a) patients eligible for reperfusion and (b) patients with contraindications to thrombolysis; death (including causes); definite myocardial infarction. RESULTS--948 patients had definite myocardial infarction, 124 probable myocardial infarction, and nine ST elevation but no infarction; 1274 patients had unstable angina and 659 chest pain of other causes. Of patients with definite or probable myocardial infarction, 576 (53.3%) were eligible for reperfusion, 39 had definite contraindications to thrombolysis (risk of bleeding). Hence 49.7% of patients (537/1081) were eligible for thrombolysis and 43.5% (470) received this treatment. Hospital mortality among patients eligible for reperfusion was 11.7% (55/470 cases) among those who received thrombolysis and 17.0% (18/106) among those who did not. CONCLUSIONS--On current criteria about half of patients admitted to coronary care units with definite or probable myocardial infarction are eligible for thrombolytic therapy. Few eligible patients have definite contraindications to thrombolytic therapy. Mortality for all community admissions for myocardial infarction remains high.     

半量瑞替普酶溶栓后行转运PCI与直接转运PCI对急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死临床疗效的对比研究

目的:比较急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)使用半量瑞替普酶溶栓后行转运经皮冠脉介入治疗(PCI)与直接转运两种救治策略的临床效果。方法:回顾性分析2015年6月～2018年2月我院收治的100例STEMI患者的病历资料,根据救治方案不同分为易化PCI组(先在基层医院经半量瑞替普酶溶栓后再转运至我院行PCI,58例)、直接转运PCI组(拒绝在基层医院接受溶栓治疗而要求直接转运PCI,42例)。比较两组PCI前后血管再通率、PCI后无复流发生率和ST段回落率(STR)、住院期间主要不良心脏事件(MACE)及治疗期间出血并发症的发生情况及随访1年主要终点事件的发生情况。结果:入院后首次冠脉造影显示易化PCI组PCI前TIMI 3级血流者占32.7%(19/59),显著高于直接转运PCI组[14.3%(6/42),P0.05]。PCI后14 d时,易化PCI组TIMI 3级血流者占93.1%(54/58),较直接转运PCI组[90.5%(38/42)]差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。PCI后即刻冠脉造影显示易化PCI组无复流发生率为6.9%(4/58),较直接转运PCI组[21.4%(9/42)]显著降低(P0.05)。PCI后24 h时,易化PCI组STR值为(61.53±11.27)%,显著高于直接转运PCI组[(52.40±12.63)%,P0.05]。住院期间,易化PCI组MACE发生率为10.3%(6/58),较直接转运PCI组[14.3%(6/42)]差异无统计意义(P0.05)。治疗期间,易化PCI组出血并发症总发生率为19.0%(11/58),与直接转运PCI组的14.3%(6/42)相比差异亦无统计学意义(P0.05)。随访1年,易化PCI组主要终点事件发生率为19.0%(11/58),显著低于直接转运PCI组[40.5%(17/42),P0.05]。结论:与直接转运PCI相比,STEMI患者应用半量瑞替普酶溶栓后行转运PCI有利于早期开通梗死血管,提高介入干预效果,PCI后获得优异的心肌灌注水平,从而改善远期预后,且安全性相当。     

H-FABP、cTnI及copeptin在老年急性非ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者早期诊断中的应用价值

目的:研究心肌型脂肪酸结合蛋白(H-FABP)、肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)及和肽素(copeptin)在老年急性非ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者早期诊断中的应用价值。方法:选取2016年2月-2018年2月我院收治的老年急性非ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者60例为研究对象,记为观察组。另取同期于我院接受治疗的心绞痛患者50例记为对照组。分别比较患者H-FABP与cTnI阳性、阴性分布情况以及copeptin表达水平。绘制受试者工作特征曲线(ROC),分析H-FABP、cTnI、copeptin以及三项联合检测老年急性非ST段抬高型心肌梗死的早期诊断价值。结果:观察组患者H-FABP与cTnI阳性人数占比均高于对照组(P0.05)。观察组患者copeptin表达水平高于对照组(P0.05)。H-FABP、cTnI及copeptin等3个指标均具有一定的早期诊断价值,H-FABP+cTnI+copeptin联合检测的敏感度和特异度更高,分别为86.46%和87.15%。结论:老年急性非ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者H-FABP、cTnI、copeptin表达较高,联合检查上述三项指标水平可提高临床诊断价值。     

心电图ST段不同改变与急性心肌梗死患者冠脉造影病变特点及生活质量的相关性研究

目的:探讨心电图ST段不同改变与急性心肌梗死患者冠脉造影病变特点及生活质量的相关性。方法:选取选取2015年6月到2017年6月在本院接受治疗的急性心肌梗死患者208例,根据心电图ST段的改变情况将患者分为ST段抬高组(124例)、ST段压低组(64例)、ST段无偏移组(20例),所有患者进行冠脉造影检查和常规治疗,比较治疗前三组患者的冠脉造影情况和冠脉狭窄程度,比较治疗1个月后三组患者的生活质量评分。结果:在ST段抬高组中,共检测出单支血管闭塞病变99例,占79.84%,两支或两支以上血管病变25例,占20.16%,其中侧支循环开放19例,开放率为15.32%。在ST段压低组中,共检测出单支血管非闭塞病变6例,占9.38%,两支或两支以上血管非闭塞病变56例,占87.50%,单支血管闭塞病变2例,占3.13%,其中侧支循环开放34例,开放率为53.13%。在ST段无偏移组中,单支血管闭塞病变15例,占75.00%,单支或多支血管非闭塞病变5例,占25.00%,其中侧支循环开放7例,开放率为35.00%。ST段抬高组、ST段无偏移组患者的冠脉狭窄程度以重度狭窄为主,ST段压低组患者的冠脉狭窄程度以中度狭窄为主,三组患者的轻度狭窄、中度狭窄、重度狭窄整体比较存在统计学差异(P0.05)。三组患者的疼痛评分、躯体受限评分、精神及活动评分整体比较具有统计学差异(P0.05),ST段压低组的上述评分均显著高于ST段抬高组和ST段无偏移组(P0.05)。结论:心电图ST段不同改变与急性心肌梗死患者冠脉造影病变密切相关,且ST段压低患者的预后通常较好。     

Acute Myocardial Infarction and Stress Cardiomyopathy following the Christchurch Earthquakes

Background

Christchurch, New Zealand, was struck by 2 major earthquakes at 4:36am on 4 September 2010, magnitude 7.1 and at 12:51pm on 22 February 2011, magnitude 6.3. Both events caused widespread destruction. Christchurch Hospital was the region''s only acute care hospital. It remained functional following both earthquakes. We were able to examine the effects of the 2 earthquakes on acute cardiac presentations.

Methods

Patients admitted under Cardiology in Christchurch Hospital 3 week prior to and 5 weeks following both earthquakes were analysed, with corresponding control periods in September 2009 and February 2010. Patients were categorised based on diagnosis: ST elevation myocardial infarction, Non ST elevation myocardial infarction, stress cardiomyopathy, unstable angina, stable angina, non cardiac chest pain, arrhythmia and others.

Results

There was a significant increase in overall admissions (p<0.003), ST elevation myocardial infarction (p<0.016), and non cardiac chest pain (p<0.022) in the first 2 weeks following the early morning September earthquake. This pattern was not seen after the early afternoon February earthquake. Instead, there was a very large number of stress cardiomyopathy admissions with 21 cases (95% CI 2.6–6.4) in 4 days. There had been 6 stress cardiomyopathy cases after the first earthquake (95% CI 0.44–2.62). Statistical analysis showed this to be a significant difference between the earthquakes (p<0.05).

Conclusion

The early morning September earthquake triggered a large increase in ST elevation myocardial infarction and a few stress cardiomyopathy cases. The early afternoon February earthquake caused significantly more stress cardiomyopathy. Two major earthquakes occurring at different times of day differed in their effect on acute cardiac events.     

Feasibility,safety, and efficacy of domiciliary thrombolysis by general practitioners: Grampian region early anistreplase trial. GREAT Group.

OBJECTIVE--To assess the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of domiciliary thrombolysis by general practitioners. DESIGN--Randomised double blind parallel group trial of anistreplase 30 units intravenously and placebo given either at home or in hospital. SETTING--29 rural practices in Grampian admitting patients to teaching hospitals in Aberdeen (average distance 36 (range 16-62) miles). PATIENTS--311 patients with suspected acute myocardial infarction and no contraindications to thrombolytic therapy seen at home within four hours of onset of symptoms. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Time saving, adverse events, Q wave infarction, left ventricular function. RESULTS--Anistreplase was administered at home 101 minutes after onset of symptoms, while anistreplase was given in hospital 240 minutes after onset of symptoms (median times). Adverse events after thrombolysis were infrequent and, apart from cardiac arrest, not a serious problem when they occurred in the community: seven of 13 patients were resuscitated after cardiac arrest out of hospital. By three months after trial entry the relative reduction of deaths from all causes in patients given thrombolytic therapy at home was 49% (13/163 (8.0%) v 23/148 (15.5%); difference -7.6% (95% confidence interval -14.7% to -0.4%), p = 0.04). Full thickness Q wave infarction was less common in patients with confirmed infarction receiving treatment at home (65/122 (53.3%) v 76/112 (67.9%); difference -14.6% (95% confidence interval -27.0% to -2.2%), p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS--General practitioners provided rapid pre-hospital coronary care of a high standard. Compared with later administration in hospital, giving anistreplase at home resulted in reduction in mortality, fewer cardiac arrests, fewer Q wave infarcts, and better left ventricular function. Benefits were most marked where thrombolytic therapy was administered within two hours of the onset of symptoms.     

Value of thallium-201 imaging in detecting adverse cardiac events after myocardial infarction and thrombolysis: a follow up of 100 consecutive patients.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prognostic role of thallium-201 imaging compared with that of exercise electrocardiography in patients with acute myocardial infarction treated by thrombolysis. DESIGN: Patients who remained free of adverse cardiac events six weeks after myocardial infarction had stress and rest 201TI imaging and exercise electrocardiography and were followed up for 8-32 months. Adverse cardiac events (death, reinfarction, unstable angina, and congestive heart failure) were documented. SETTING: Large district general hospital, Middlesex. SUBJECTS: 100 consecutive male and female patients who were stable six weeks after thrombolysis for myocardial infarction. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Prediction of occurrence of adverse cardiac events after myocardial infarction by exercise cardiography and 201TI myocardial perfusion imaging. RESULTS: Reversible ischaemia on 201TI imaging predicted adverse cardiac events in 33 out of 37 patients with such events during follow up (hazard ratio 8.1 (95% confidence interval 2.7 to 23.8), P < 0.001). Exercise electrocardiography showed reversible ischaemia in 33 patients, of whom 13 had subsequent events, and failed to predict events in 24 patients (hazard ratio 1.1 (0.56 to 2.2), P = 0.8). CONCLUSION: 201TI imaging is a sensitive predictor of subsequent adverse cardiac events in patients who have received thrombolysis after acute myocardial infarction, whereas exercise electrocardiography fails to predict outcome.     

比伐卢定联合替罗非班在高血栓负荷拟行PPCI治疗的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者中的应用价值

目的:探讨替罗非班与比伐卢定联合治疗在高血栓负荷拟行直接经皮冠状动脉介入(PPCI)的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)患者中的应用价值。方法:选取我院于2018年3月~2020年3月期间收治的127例高血栓负荷拟行PPCI治疗的STEMI患者。将所有患者按照入院顺序,单号分为对照组(替罗非班治疗),双号分为观察组(比伐卢定联合替罗非班治疗),分别为63例和64例。对比两组术后24 h、术后30 d支架内血栓事件、30 d内的出血事件发生率,对比两组心肌梗死溶栓试验(TIMI)血流分级变化、心功能及肌酸激酶同工酶(CKMB)峰值时间及CKMB峰值,记录两组术后不良心血管事件发生率及住院时间。结果:两组术后24 h、术后30 d均未发生支架内血栓事件,观察组30 d内的出血事件发生率较对照组低(P<0.05)。两组住院时间组间对比无明显差异(P>0.05)。两组术后1个月TIMI血流分级为Ⅲ级的占比高于术前同一分级,TIMI血流分级为0~Ⅰ级、Ⅱ级的占比低于术前同一分级(P<0.05)。观察组术后7 d左心室收缩末期内径(LVESD)、CKMB峰值小于对照组,左心室射血分数(LVEF)高于对照组,CKMB峰值时间短于对照组(P<0.05)。两组心血管不良事件总发生率对比无差异(P>0.05)。结论:比伐卢定联合替罗非班治疗高血栓负荷拟行PPCI的STEMI患者,可改善患者心功能,减少心肌损伤,改善TIMI血流分级,同时还可减少30 d内的出血事件发生率。     

负荷量阿托伐他汀对稳定型冠心病患者非心脏手术围手术期保护作用的研究

目的:探讨负荷量阿托伐他汀对稳定型冠心病患者非心脏的择期外科手术围手术期主要不良心脏事件的保护作用。方法:将拟行非心脏外科手术的60名稳定型冠心病患者随机分为负荷量阿托伐他汀组(n=30)和对照组(n=30),其中负荷量阿托伐他汀治疗组在术前12小时给予阿托伐他汀80 mg顿服,术前2小时阿托伐他汀40 mg顿服,且每晚服用阿托伐他汀40 mg,对照组术前每晚服用阿托伐他汀20 mg,而后进行非心脏的外科手术(主要病种为慢性胆囊结石胆囊炎、慢性阑尾炎、消化性溃疡、疝气),术后负荷量组给予每晚服用阿托伐他汀40 mg,对照组每晚服用阿托伐他汀20 mg。比较两组围手术期主要不良心脏事件(包括心脏性猝死,急性心肌梗死,非计划性血运重建)的发生情况。结果:对照组出现1例急性前壁ST段抬高型心肌梗死并行急诊前降支介入再灌注治疗和7例无症状型心肌梗死,负荷量阿托伐他汀组出现1例无症状型心肌梗死,围手术期心肌梗死发生率较对照组明显降低(P0.05)。结论:负荷量阿托伐他汀可显著降低稳定型冠心病患者非心脏的择期外科手术围手术期主要不良心脏事件如心肌梗死,特别是无症状型心肌梗死的发生率,但该结果尚需大样本多中心随机对照临床试验进一步证实。     

Multi-modality imaging evaluation of recurrent Tako-tsubo syndrome in a patient with coronary artery fibromuscular dysplasia

Background

Integrated bedside and sophisticated cardiac imaging techniques help characterize the discrepancy between myocardial injury and mechanic dysfunction in acute myocardial infarction.

Case presentation

A 57 year-old woman presented with sudden onset chest pain and ventricular fibrillation after hearing of her brother’s death. The electrocardiography indicated “anterior wall ST segment elevation myocardial infarction”. Coronary angiography ruled out obstructive lesion in the major coronary arteries, but revealed fibromuscular dysplasia of the distal left anterior descending artery. The ventriculography showed remarkable ventricular dilation, which affected much broader myocardium than the culprit vessel supplied. In a subsequent cardiac magnetic resonance study, delayed contrast (gadolinium) image revealed a focal left ventricular (LV) apical infarction. Her LV systolic function normalized within 1 week, except for a residual apical hypokinesis. She developed recurrent chest pain and LV dilation when she was laid off 9 months later. After supportive therapy, her symptoms improved and LV dysfunction normalized again.

Conclusions

“Tako-tsubo” syndrome can occur recurrently in the heart with pre-existing localized myocardial infarction. Its molecular mechanism and clinical significance warrants further investigation.