慢性牙周炎患者龈沟液中IL-8和TNF-α水平变化及临床意义

目的:探讨慢性牙周炎患者龈沟液中白细胞介素-8(IL-8)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平变化及临床意义,为临床诊疗提供参考。方法:选择2013年12月到2015年12月我院收治的60例慢性牙周炎患者为实验组,选择同期60例牙周健康者为对照组。对照组对象于体检时、实验组患者于牙周常规治疗前后收集龈沟液并记录牙龈指数(GI)、牙龈沟出血指数(SBI)、菌斑指数(PLI)、牙周袋探诊深度(PD)、临床附着丧失(CAL)等牙周临床指标。测量并比较两组对象龈沟液中IL-8和TNF-α水平。结果:实验组患者治疗前GI、SBI、PLI、PD及CAL等牙周临床指标均明显高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后,实验组患者各牙周临床指标明显低于治疗前,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),但与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。实验组患者治疗前龈沟液中IL-8和TNF-α水平均明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后,实验组患者龈沟液中IL-8和TNF-α水平均明显低于治疗前,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。实验组患者治疗前龈沟液中IL-8水平与牙周临床指标PD呈正相关性(r=0.495,P=0.027),TNF-α水平与牙周临床指标SBI、PD呈正相关性(r=0.512,0.673;P=0.019,0.012)。结论:慢性牙周炎患者龈沟液中IL-8和TNF-α具有较高水平,两者可能与慢性牙周炎的发生发展有关,对于临床诊断慢性牙周炎具有积极的临床意义。     

慢性牙周炎患者龈沟液中IL-8 和TNF-alpha水平变化及临床意义

目的：探讨慢性牙周炎患者龈沟液中白细胞介素-8（IL-8）和肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）水平变化及临床意义,为临床诊疗提 供参考。方法：选择2013 年12 月到2015 年12 月我院收治的60 例慢性牙周炎患者为实验组,选择同期60 例牙周健康者为对照 组。对照组对象于体检时、实验组患者于牙周常规治疗前后收集龈沟液并记录牙龈指数（GI）、牙龈沟出血指数（SBI）、菌斑指数 （PLI）、牙周袋探诊深度（PD）、临床附着丧失（CAL）等牙周临床指标。测量并比较两组对象龈沟液中IL-8 和TNF-α水平。结果：实 验组患者治疗前GI、SBI、PLI、PD 及CAL 等牙周临床指标均明显高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）;治疗后,实验组患 者各牙周临床指标明显低于治疗前,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）,但与对照组比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。实验组患者治疗 前龈沟液中IL-8 和TNF-α水平均明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;治疗后,实验组患者龈沟液中IL-8 和TNF-alpha水 平均明显低于治疗前,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。实验组患者治疗前龈沟液中IL-8 水平与牙周临床指标PD 呈正相关性（r=0. 495,P=0.027）,TNF-α水平与牙周临床指标SBI、PD 呈正相关性（r=0.512,0.673;P=0.019,0.012）。结论：慢性牙周炎患者龈沟液中 IL-8 和TNF-α具有较高水平,两者可能与慢性牙周炎的发生发展有关,对于临床诊断慢性牙周炎具有积极的临床意义。     

盐酸米诺环素软膏联合布洛芬对慢性牙周炎患者龈沟液TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-8水平及生活质量的影响

目的:探讨盐酸米诺环素软膏联合布洛芬对慢性牙周炎患者龈沟液肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、白细胞介素-8(IL-8)水平及生活质量的影响。方法:选取成都医学院第一附属医院于2016年3月至2018年3月期间收治的84例慢性牙周炎患者,按照数表法随机分为观察组(n=42)和对照组(n=42)。对照组患者予以盐酸米诺环素软膏治疗,观察组患者则在对照组的基础上联合布洛芬治疗,比较两组临床治疗总有效率,比较治疗前、后龈沟液TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-8水平,治疗前后菌斑指数(PLI)、牙龈指数(GI)水平,采用健康检查简表(SF-36)评价两组患者生活质量。结果:观察组临床治疗总有效率明显高于对照组(P0.05)。治疗后观察组患者龈沟液TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-8水平均明显低于对照组(P0.05)。治疗后观察组患者PLI、GI水平均明显低于对照组(P0.05)。治疗后观察组SF-36量表各维度评分均显著高于对照组(P0.05)。结论:盐酸米诺环素软膏联合布洛芬治疗慢性牙周炎的疗效确切,且有效降低患者龈沟液TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-8水平,有利于牙周组织的重建和恢复,提高患者生活质量。     

牙周超声治疗仪联合头孢克洛治疗牙周炎的临床研究

目的:研究牙周超声治疗仪联合头孢克洛治疗牙周炎患者的临床效果。方法:选择2016年1月～2018年6月我院收治的70例牙周炎患者,共有患牙103颗,将其随机分为两组。对照组采用牙周超声治疗仪治疗,观察组在牙周超声治疗后联合口服头孢克洛,每次0.25 g,每8 h给药1次。比较两组治疗前后的咬合指标(咬合创伤指数(TOI)和咬合时间(OT))、牙周指标(附着水平(AL)、探诊深度(PD)、临床附着丧失(CAL)和出血指数(BI))、血清炎性指标(白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α))水平的改变情况。结果:治疗后,观察组的有效率明显高于对照组(91.43%vs. 74.28%,P0.05);两组治疗后的TOI、OT、AL、PD、CAL、BI、血清IL-1β和TNF-α水平均较治疗前明显降低(P0.05),且观察组以上指标均明显低于对照组(P0.05)。结论:牙周超声治疗仪联合头孢克洛治疗牙周炎患者的疗效,明显优于单用牙周超声治疗仪治疗,其可有效改善患者的牙周状况和咬合指标,并且能减轻炎症反应。     

慢性牙周炎患者唾液中IL-17，miR-146a表达水平与疾病程度的相关性分析

目的:观察和分析慢性牙周炎(CP)患者唾液中白细胞介素-17(IL-17)、微小RNA-146a(miR-146a)表达水平与疾病程度的相关性。方法:选取80例CP患者作为病例组,选取80名健康志愿者作为对照组,对两组研究对象唾液样本中的IL-17、miRNA-146a表达水平进行检测和比较。对病例组患者的菌斑指数(PLI)、牙龈指数(GI)、牙周探诊深度(PD)和附着丧失(AL)等牙周病指标进行检测。结果:病例组患者唾液中IL-17、miR-146a表达水平显著高于对照组,两组之间的差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。随着疾病程度的加剧,患者唾液中IL-17、miR-146a表达水平也逐渐上升,各组之间的差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。Spearman等级相关分析结果显示,CP患者唾液中IL-17、miR-146a表达水平与牙周炎严重程度均呈正相关关系(P0.05)。直线相关分析结果显示,CP患者唾液中IL-17、miR-146a表达水平与PLI、GI、PD、AL等牙周炎临床指标均呈正相关关系(P0.05)。结论:CP患者表现为唾液中IL-17、miR-146a表达水平的显著升高,其表达水平与疾病严重程度和临床指标均具有相关性。     

牙周组织再生术联合口腔正畸对牙周炎患者血清炎症因子水平的影响及其疗效探究

目的:研究牙周组织再生术联合口腔正畸对牙周炎患者血清白介素-6(IL-6)、白介素-8(IL-8)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平的影响及其疗效。方法:选取2014年11月至2015年10月本院收治的78例牙周炎患者,按照入院顺序分为观察组和对照组,39例每组。对照组采取单纯的牙周组织再生术,观察组在此基础上联合口腔正畸进行治疗。治疗后,评价两组患者治疗的临床疗效,比较两组患者治疗前和治疗3个月后血清IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α水平、牙龈指数(GI)、龈沟出血指数(SBI)、牙菌斑指数(PLI)、牙周探诊深度(PD)、临床附着丧失(AL)的变化。结果:治疗后,观察组总的有效率显著高于对照组(P0.05),血清IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α水平、GI、SBI、PLI、PD、AL均显著低于对照组(P0.05)。结论:牙周组织再生术联合口腔正畸治疗能有效降低牙周炎患者血清IL-6、IL-8、及TNF-α水平,提高其临床疗效。     

牙周组织再生术联合无托槽隐形矫治对牙周炎患者龈沟液炎症因子的影响

目的探讨牙周组织再生术(PTR)联合无托槽隐形矫治对牙周炎患者龈沟液炎症因子的影响,为该类患者的治疗提供参考。方法选取2017年3月至2019年3月我院收治的120例牙周炎患者为研究对象,依据随机数字表分为再隐组和再直组,每组60例。再隐组患者给予PTR联合无托槽隐形矫治,再直组患者给予PTR联合直丝弓矫治。比较两组患者龈沟液炎症因子[白介素6(IL-6)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)]水平、牙周健康状况[牙周探诊深度(PD)、牙龈指数(GI)、龈沟出血指数(SBI)、牙菌斑指数(PLI)、临床附着丧失(CAL)]、治疗疗效和并发症情况。结果再隐组和再直组患者治疗后龈沟液IL-6、CRP、TNF-α水平及PD、GI、SBI、PLI、CAL明显低于治疗前,再隐组患者治疗后龈沟液IL-6、CRP、TNF-α水平及PD、GI、SBI、PLI、CAL明显低于再直组,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05)。再隐组患者治疗有效率为95.00%,明显高于再直组的80.00%,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=6.171,P=0.013)。再隐组患者并发症发生率为5.00%,明显低于再直组的16.67%,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=4.227,P=0.040)。结论 PTR联合无托槽隐形矫治可有效改善牙周炎患者龈沟液炎症因子水平及牙周健康状况,有利于提高疗效和减少并发症,值得临床推广。     

双波长激光联合米诺环素对慢性牙周炎牙周临床指标及龈沟液IL-6、IL-8、IL-17、TNF-α水平的影响

摘要 目的：探讨双波长激光联合米诺环素对慢性牙周炎牙周临床指标及龈沟液白细胞介素（IL）-6、IL-8、IL-17、肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）-α水平的影响。方法：回顾性分析2018年5月至2020年12月长沙市第三医院口腔科收治的90例慢性牙周炎患者的诊治资料。根据治疗方法的不同,将患者分为龈下刮治及根面平整术（SRP）组、双波长激光（DWL）组和双波长激光联合米诺环素（DWL+M）组,每组均30例。比较各组的治疗效果,治疗前及治疗后三个月的牙周临床指标：牙龈指数（GI）、龈沟出血指数（SBI）、探针深度（PD）、临床附着丧失（CAL）,龈沟液的炎性因子水平：IL-6、IL-8、IL-17、TNF-α,并记录各组的不良反应情况。结果：DWL+M组总有效率依次高于DWL组、SRP组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。三组治疗后三个月的GI、SBI、PD、CAL均低于治疗前,DWL+M组治疗后三个月的GI、SBI、PD、CAL均低于同期的SRP组和DWL组（P<0.05）。治疗后三个月三组龈沟液IL-6、IL-8、IL-17、TNF-α水平较治疗前降低,DWL+M组治疗后三个月的IL-6、IL-8、IL-17、TNF-α水平均低于同期的SRP组和DWL组,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。三组患者在治疗过程中均未发生不良反应。结论：慢性牙周炎患者采用双波长激光联合米诺环素治疗能使牙周炎症、临床症状明显减轻,且具有较高的安全性。     

慢性牙周炎对牙种植修复的疗效影响

目的:分析慢性牙周对种植义齿修复疗效的影响。方法:选择2013年7月至2015年6月在宝鸡市中医医院接受牙种植修复治疗的慢性牙周炎患者52例(70枚)作为观察组及同期接受牙种植的牙周健康患者49例(69枚),作为对照组。观察分析两组患者种植修复1、3、6、12个月的边缘骨吸收量(MBL)、改良菌斑指数(m PLI)、改良龈沟出血指数(m SBI)、探测深度(PD)以及种植体龈沟液IL-1、IL-6水平的变化情况。结果:种植1年后,对照组的种植成功率为97.10%(67/69),观察组的种植成功率为91.42%(64/70),两组比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。种植1个月及3个月后,两组的m PLI、m SBI、PD以及MBL比较无明显差异(P0.05);种植6个月后,观察组的m SBI、PD以及MBL显著高于对照组(P0.05),m PLI仍无明显变化。此外,种植1个月、3个月时,对照组的IL-1β未检出;6个月后,观察组的IL-1β显著高于对照组(P0.05);种植3个月后,观察组的IL-6显著高于对照组(P0.05)。结论:慢性牙周炎可降低牙种植修复治疗的疗效,可能与种植体周围炎的发生有关。     

尼美舒利联合甲硝唑对牙周炎患者血清IL-10、TNF-α和MMP-8水平的影响

目的:研究尼美舒利联合甲硝唑对牙周炎患者血清白细胞介素-10(IL-10)、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)、基质金属蛋白酶-8(MMP-8)水平的影响。方法:收集2014年3月至2015年3月我院收治的90例牙周炎患者,按照抽签法分为实验组和对照组,每组各45例。两组均采用牙结石以及牙菌斑除去、根面平整、冲洗牙周袋等常规治疗。对照组在此基础上采用甲硝唑治疗,0.9%生理盐水进行冲洗。实验组在对照组基础上采用尼美舒利治疗,每次2片,每天2次。观察和比较两组的治疗疗效,牙周情况,治疗前后血清IL-10、TNF-α、MMP-8水平的变化及不良反应的发生情况。结果:治疗后,实验组总有效率显著高于对照组(P0.05);GI、PD、PLI、AL显著低于对照组(P0.05);血清IL-10水平显著高于对照组(P0.05),血清TNF-α、MMP-8水平显著低于对照组(P0.05);两组不良反应总发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:尼美舒利联合甲硝唑治疗牙周炎可显著提高其临床疗效,消除或缓解临床症状,可能与其提高血清IL-10水平,降低TNF-α、MMP-8水平,抑制炎症反应,保持牙内环境稳定有关。     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.     

Composition and diversity of bird communities in Swedish farmland–forest mosaic landscapes

CapsuleThe amount of forest (at local and landscape scales) and occurrence of residual habitats at the local scale are shown to be the major factors influencing bird community composition in farmland–forest landscapes in central Sweden.

Aims To investigate the importance of local habitat and landscape structure for breeding birds in farmland–forest landscapes in central Sweden.

Methods Breeding birds were censused at 292 points. A detailed habitat mapping was made within 300 m of the points. Within a 300–600 m radius only two major habitats (forests and arable fields) were identified.

Results Cluster analyses of bird communities identified three site types that also differed in habitat composition: (i) partially forested sites in forested landscapes; (ii) heterogeneous sites with residual habitats in mosaic landscapes; and (iii) field-dominated farmland sites in open landscapes. A total of 19 of 25 farmland bird species (restricted to farmland or using both farmland and forest) had the highest abundance in farmland sites with mosaics of forest and farmland, while only six farmland species had the highest abundance in field-dominated sites. The bird community changed from being dominated by farmland species to being dominated by forest species (common in forest landscapes without farmland) at small proportions (10–20%) of forest at the local scale. A major difference in habitat composition between heterogeneous and field-dominated sites was the occurrence of different residual habitats (e.g. shrubby areas and seminatural grasslands). These habitats seemed to influence bird community composition more than land-use, despite covering <10% of the area. Seminatural grasslands were important for bird community composition and species-richness, but grazing seemed to be less important. Among different land-use types, cereal crops were the least preferred fields. Set-asides with tall vegetation and short rotation coppices were positively associated with species-richness of farmland birds.

Conclusion In general, the composition of the landscape was important for bird community composition, although amount and distribution of forests, occurrence of residual habitats and land-use of fields at the local scale had the strongest influence on bird community composition. The possible implications of these patterns for managing farmland–forest landscapes are discussed.     

Chemical constituents from the fruits of Rhus typhina L. and their chemotaxonomic significance

This work describes the isolation and characterization of twenty-nine compounds from the fruits of Rhus typhina L., including eleven flavonoids (1–11), eleven phenols (12–22), two pentacyclic triterpenes (23–24), two organic acids (25–26), one lumichrome (27), one courmarin (28) and one pyrimidine (29) on the basis of their spectroscopic data. Compounds apigenin (1), daidzein (4), orobol (5), 3′, 5, 5′, 7-tetrahydroxyflavanone (6), naringenin (7), butein (8), (-)-catechin (9), quercetin-3-O-α-L-(3″-O-galloyl)-rhamnoside (11), 2-hydroxybenzoic acid (13), 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde (14), vanillin (15), methyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate (16), 3,5-dihydroxybenzamide (18), tyrosol (19), caffeic acid (20), 3-(2,4,6-trihydroxyphenyl)-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-propan-1-one (21), phlorizin (22), friedelin (23), oleanolic acid (24), 4,4-dimethyl-heptanedioic acid (25), anthranilic acid (26), lumichrome (27), scoparone (28) and uracil (29) have not been recorded before in this plant. This is the first report on the occurrence of compounds 4–7, 9, 11, 13–14, 16, 18–21, 25–29 from the genus Rhus. Moreover, the chemotaxonomic significance of these isolated compounds was also summarized.