小鼠胎肝和骨髓造血基质细胞贴壁层对红系祖细胞生长的影响

本实验以Dexter培养体系作小鼠胎肝和骨髓造血基质细胞贴壁培养。在所获的基质细胞贴壁层上作红系造血祖细胞集落培养,观察两种来源造血基质细胞对红系集落生长的影响。实验结果表明,胎肝造血基质细胞贴壁层能明显促进早期红系造血祖细胞(BFU-E)形成集落,却不明显影响晚期红系造血祖细胞(CFU-E)的生长。成年小鼠骨髓造血基质细胞贴壁层对BFU-E和CFU-E均有刺激生长的作用;但对前者生长的刺激性影响较胎肝造血基质细胞贴壁层为弱。造血基质细胞贴壁层对红系集落生长的促进作用主要是通过体液因子实现的,细胞间短距离调节的影响亦不能除外。     

四物汤对再生障碍性贫血小鼠骨髓细胞增殖的影响研究

目的研究四物汤对再生障碍性贫血（AA）小鼠骨髓细胞体外增殖的影响,探讨其治疗AA的机制。方法采用流式细胞仪、骨髓造血祖细胞培养等技术,检测四物汤对AA小鼠骨髓细胞的增殖变化。结果 四物汤能促进骨髓有核细胞进入G2／S期、增加CFU—GM、CFU-E、BFU-E集落数,且与自然恢复组有明显增强的差异。结论 四物汤在体内有促进AA小鼠骨髓细胞增殖的作用,为补血药治疗AA提供了实验与理论依据。     

BCL-2反义硫代磷酸寡脱氧核苷酸对原代急性白血病细胞选择性抑制作用

为探讨BCL-2反义硫代磷酸寡脱氧核苷酸(AS-PS-ODN,ASPO)对急性原代白血病细胞和正常或良性血液病骨髓细胞的作用是否存在差别。应用台盼蓝拒染试验测定细胞存活力;用造血祖细胞集落培养:粒—单系祖细胞集落(CFU-GM),多向祖细胞集落(CFU-Mix),后红系祖细胞集落(CFU-E)、前红系祖细胞集落(BFU-E)和白血病祖细胞集落(CFU-AML,CFU-ALL)培养检测细胞增殖能力;免疫细胞化学染色检测细胞BCL-2蛋白表达变化。结果发现(1)正常或良性血液病骨髓细胞经10μmol/L ASPO处理一周,同对照组比较:细胞生长数、CFU-GM、CFU-Mix、CFU-E、BFU-E及BCL-2蛋白表达均无显著差别(P<0.05)。(2)急性原代白血病细胞经5μmol/L ASPO处理一周,同对照组比较:细胞生长数显著减低;CFU-AML或CFU-ALL显著降低(P < 0.05),而CFU-GM明显增高(P< 0.05);对照组BCL-2蛋白表达率为77.92％±22.50％,ASPO组于培养的第3天为54.05％±20.20％(P<0.01)和第6天为55.35％±22.74％(P<0.05)均显著低于对照组。因此认为BCL-2ASPO具有选择性地抑制白血病细胞的增殖和BCL-2蛋白的表达的作用。     

应用转铁蛋白-Sepharose 4 B亲和层析分离浓集小鼠胎肝CFU-E

本文以人血清转铁蛋白与Sepharose 4B交联制成转铁蛋白-Sepharose 4 B亲和层析凝胶,应用转铁蛋白-Sepharose 4 B亲和柱层析分离浓集小鼠胎肝红系造血祖细胞CFU-E。绝大部分CFU-S和CFU-GM均被转铁蛋白-Seph-arose 4 B亲和柱层析洗脱,且转铁蛋白-Seph-arose 4 B柱层析对CFU-S、CFU-GM无明显浓集作用。大部分BFU-E和几乎所有CFU-E均被吸附在亲和层析柱上;经解离吸附洗脱后,BFU-E和CFU-E浓集倍数分别为6.3倍和9.2倍,由此证明了CFU-E细胞膜表面转铁蛋白受体的高度密集性,为今后以转铁蛋白为分子探针,识别和研究CFU-E提供了实验依据。     

藏药巴桑母酥油丸对放射线-化学复合损伤小鼠粒-巨噬系造血功能的影响及机理研究

目的探讨藏药巴桑母酥油丸对放射线-化学复合损伤小鼠粒-巨噬系造血功能的影响及可能机理。方法60Coγ射线照射和环磷酰胺腹腔注射方式制造放射线-化学复合损伤小鼠模型,采用外周血细胞计数、造血祖细胞集落分析、实时荧光定量PCR,检测灌胃不同浓度巴桑母酥油丸后不同时间放射线-化学复合损伤小鼠外周白细胞数、骨髓粒-巨噬系(CFU-GM)造血祖细胞集落产率、粒-巨噬系集落刺激因子(GM-CSF)和粒-巨噬系集落刺激因子受体(GM-CSF R)mRNA相对表达量。结果灌胃14 d后,中、高剂量组的白细胞数显著高于生理盐水组;中剂量巴桑母酥油丸灌胃14 d后,骨髓CFU-GM集落产率、GM-CSF mRNA和GM-CSFR mRNA也显著高于空白组、生理盐水组。结论适当浓度的巴桑母酥油丸可以通过上调骨髓GM-CSF、GM-CSFR mRNA表达、促进CFU-GM增殖分化,进而促进放射线-化学复合损伤后小鼠外周血白细胞数的提前恢复。     

远红外线对造血干/祖细胞生物学特性的影响

目的:了解远红外线对造血细胞增殖和定向分化的影响.方法:应用体外小鼠骨髓细胞培养技术,观察远红外线对拉-单祖细胞(CFU-GM),红系祖细胞(CFU-E)和成纤维细胞(CFU-F)增殖和分化的影响,并且利用免疫荧光纳米粒子(1FNB)检测靶细胞表面分化抗原(CD),进一步评佑远红外线对造血干/祖细胞的影响.结果:远红外线在37℃条件下照射时CFU-E、CFU-F和CFU-GM生成有促进作用,小鼠骨髓细胞表面标记有变化,靶细胞经2min照射后,增殖最旺盛.2min组与其它实验组(1min,5min,10min)数据经统计学处理,具有差异性(P均<0.05).结论:远红外线时小鼠骨髓造血干/祖细胞的增殖具有正调节作用并可诱导细胞表面标志改变.     

造血细胞活力冷冻损伤的可恢复性

人骨髓冻存后其造血祖细胞活力有一定程度下降,本研究对这种下降的可逆性作了初步观察。结果发现,用双层法和单层法作CFU-GM培养时,未冻存骨髓集落产率相近,冻存骨髓双层法的CFU-GM产率高于单层法。骨髓细胞用20％FM-CM、PHA-LYCM、PHA-PMCM预孵育2h后,分别测定其CFU-GM、BFU-E与CFU-Mix,发现这种孵育过程对未冻存骨髓的集落产率无明显影响,而冻存骨髓的集落产率在孵育后可升高(GEMmeg除外)。说明骨髓造血祖细胞对冻存的损伤反应不均一,部分受损细胞在一定条件下可以恢复其增殖活力。这对于用冻存骨髓作骨髓移植可能有一定意义。     

一个抗造血祖细胞单克隆抗体能特异性抑制IL3生物活性

HI98(又称HIM_1,IgM)是目前国际上发 现唯一能抑制人IL_3与相应靶细胞结合的髓系单克隆抗体(单抗)。本文研究了此单抚对IL_3刺激人造血祖细胞增殖分化的作用,结果发现HI98可抑制IL_3诱导的BFU-E和CFU-GM集落形成,最大抑制率分别为55％和49％,但对CFU-E的生长无影响。对GM-CSF诱导的BFU-E和CFU-GM也无作用。用HI98单抗包被的Sepharose微球进行IL_3免疫吸附清除实验证明,其抑制作用不是抗体与IL_3直接结合的结果。本文还对HI98单抗识别的抗原分子与IL_3受体的关系进行了讨论。     

氧化苦参碱对骨髓来源细胞生长的双向调节作用

目的:观察氧化苦参碱(oxymatrine,OMT)对骨髓来源细胞增殖的影响.方法:应用MTr比色法、流式细胞仪检测法、集落形成法和免疫细胞活性测定等方法,检测OMT对白血病细胞K562的抑制作用;骨髓造血干细胞的集落形成实验和脾细胞对肿瘤细胞的杀伤的生物活性试验,检测OMT对小鼠免疫和造血的影响.结果:(1)不同浓度的OMT可明显抑制白血病细胞K562细胞的增殖、集落形成,导致细胞凋亡(P＜0.05),且作用呈浓度依赖性.(2)OMT可以促进小鼠骨髓粒系造血,且在0.2475 mg/mL时达到峰值.(3)OMT可抑制小鼠的免疫功能.结论:OMT可抑制白血病K562细胞的增殖并诱导其凋亡,同时抑制小鼠的免疫功能,促进小鼠骨髓CFU-GM的形成,表现出对骨髓来源细胞生长的双向调节作用.     

Smad3基因剔除对小鼠造血功能的影响

研究Smad3基因剔除对小鼠造血功能的影响。实验小鼠分为5组,每组有Smad3基因剔除小鼠（Smad3^-/-）和其同窝孪生的野生型小鼠（Smad3^+/+）各1只。小鼠的造血功能用14天形成的脾结节(CFUS14)、多系祖细胞（CFUGEMM）、粒单系祖细胞（CFUGM）、红系祖细胞（BFUE）测定及外周血象、骨髓象等实验血液学指标来确定。每组小鼠取尾血作白细胞、红细胞和血小板计数,涂片作白细胞分类计数。将一侧股骨的骨髓冲出,制成单细胞悬液,计数其中有核细胞数,测定CFU-GM、BFU-E、CFU-GEMM值。将每只小鼠的4×10⁴个骨髓有核细胞,经尾静脉注入3只8～10周经致死量射线照射的同系雌性小鼠体内,测定14天的CFUS。取一部分胸骨、肝脏、脾脏固定做病理切片,其余胸骨冲出骨髓,涂片作分类计数。结果Smad3^-/-小鼠外周血白细胞和血小板计数明显高于Smad3^+/+小鼠,红细胞数无显著差异。外周血白细胞分类结果也表明粒细胞显著增高。骨髓有核细胞数无显著差异,CFU-GM显著增高,BFU-E 无显著差异,CFU-GEMM明显减少,CFU-S显著减少。病理形态学观察发现骨髓增生极度活跃,以粒系为主,肝脾无显著差别。骨髓涂片分类表明粒系增多,粒系：红系比例增高。因此得出结论Smad3基因剔除使小鼠造血干祖细胞数目减少,而且干祖细胞分化异常,向粒系分化增多。Smad3基因对造血系统的作用与TGF-β的作用有相关性。     

Investigation of the mechanism of temperature sensitivity of the electroreceptors of ampullae of lorenzini

In experiments on Black Sea skates (Raja clavata), the potential of the receptor epithelium of the ampullae of Lorenzini and spike activity of single nerve fibers connected to them were investigated during electrical and temperature stimulation. Usually the potential within the canal was between 0 and –2 mV, and the input resistance of the ampulla 250–400 k. Heating of the region of the receptor epithelium was accompanied by a negative wave of potential, an increase in input resistance, and inhibition of spike activity. With worsening of the animal's condition the transepithelial potential became positive (up to +10 mV) but the input resistance of the ampulla during stimulation with a positive current was nonlinear in some cases: a regenerative spike of positive polarity appeared in the channel. During heating, the spike response was sometimes reversed in sign. It is suggested that fluctuations of the transepithelial potential and spike responses to temperature stimulation reflect changes in the potential difference on the basal membrane of the receptor cells, which is described by a relationship of the Nernst's or Goldman's equation type.I. P. Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. I. M. Sechenov, Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. Pacific Institute of Oceanology, Far Eastern Scientific Center, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Vladivostok. Translated from Neirofiziologiya, Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 67–74, January–February, 1980.     

Determination of stoichiometry of radioiodination of proteins

A sensitive method for the detection of small quantities of hydrophobic antioxidant free radical scavengers such as butylatedhydroxytoluene (BHT) and butylatedhydroxyanisole (BHA) in aqueous samples is described. The procedure involves extraction of the hydrophobic free radical scavenger into an organic solvent phase, followed by the subsequent reaction of an aliquot of this extract with the stable cation radical tris(p-bromophenyl)amminium hexachloroantimonate (TBACA). In experiments with BHT and BHA, the loss of TBACA absorbance at 730 nm was found to be linearly proportional to the amount of antioxidant added, with quantities of BHT as small as 200 pmol being easily detectable. In aqueous suspensions of dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine vesicles, assays of the aqueous BHT concentration showed that BHT partitioned strongly into the membrane phase, achieving very high BHT/phospholipid ratios. For a given concentration of BHT, partitioning into the membrane phase was greater in large, multilamellar liposomes than in either small, single-walled vesicles or in purified rat brain synaptic vesicle membranes. Direct assay of BHT and BHA in phospholipid membranes, however, was complicated by a nonspecific interaction between TBACA and the phospholipid.