唇形科香茶菜属二萜类化合物分布规律

香茶菜属（Isodon）由于富含二萜类化合物（Diterpenoids）而具有较高的药用价值,本研究根据其所含二萜的骨架和氧化状态,对该类化合物在香茶菜属植物中的分布规律进行研究。UPGMA聚类分析结果显示：含二环和三环二萜为主的植物种类聚在一支上,含四环二萜为主的植物种类聚在另一支上。进一步将二萜分为二环、三环、四环三大类绘制到分子系统树上结果显示：三环二萜主要分布在较原始的类群中,如：线纹香茶菜（I.lophanthoides）和小花线纹香茶菜（I.lophanthoides var. micranthus）;而四环二萜主要分布在较进化的类群中,如：旱生香茶菜（I.xerophilus）和腺花香茶菜（I.adenanthus）。本研究通过对二萜类化合物与香茶菜属系统发育之间存在的联系进行探讨,有助于对香茶菜属植物中的二萜类化合物活性成分进行筛选与研发。     

毛萼香茶菜中的新二萜化合物——毛萼晶P

从毛萼香茶菜的叶的甲醇提取物中分离得到两个二萜化合物,ｃｏｅｔｓｏｉｄｉｎＡ和毛萼晶Ｐ,它是目前从香茶菜属分离到的仅有的两个Ｂ环具有α,β－不饱和酮结构的对映－贝壳杉烷型二萜事物,其中毛萼晶Ｐ为新化合物     

细锥香茶菜的二萜成分

我们曾从四川产细锥香茶菜[Rabdosia coetsa(Buch-Ham. ex D. Don) Hara]中分离鉴定了4个二萜化合物。此次从云南泸水县产的细锥香茶菜干叶中分离鉴定了两个二萜化合物,一个为细锥香茶菜乙素(4),一个为4-epi-henryineA(1)。     

胶粘香茶菜素的化学结构

从胶粘香茶菜叶的乙醚提取物中分得两个二萜化合物‘经各项光谱数据和化学反应确定,其中一个为四环二萜化合物,对映-贝壳杉烷-16β,17-二醇(ent-kauran-16β,17-diol)(1);另一个为三环二萜对映-异海松烷型(ent-isopimarane type)新化合物,命名为胶粘香茶菜素(glutinosin)(2)。对映-异海松烷型二萜化合物的分离和鉴定,对于从化学上阐明香茶菜属植物中大量存在的对映-贝壳杉烯型四环二萜化合物的生源关系有一定的学术意义。     

毛萼香茶菜二萜化合物的高效液相色谱定量分析

本文报道用HPLC分离测定毛萼香茶菜(Rabdosia eriocalyx)中的二萜化合物。总二萜提取物在zorbax ODS柱上,用甲醇-水(70:30)作流动相,毛萼晶乙、毛萼晶丙等五个化合物在18分钟内能很好分离。以odonicin为内标,用峰面积比测定各组份的含量。结果符合一般含量测定的要求,此法可作为香茶菜二萜化合物一类生物活性物质的分析及发现新二萜化合物的前导性有效筛选手段。     

腺花香茶菜中的对映-贝壳杉烯类二萜化合物

从昆明产腺花香茶菜(Isodon adenanthus(Diels)Kudo)的地上部分分离到8个化合物,通过波谱分析鉴定,化合物1～3为新的对映-贝壳杉烯类二萜化合物,命名为腺花香茶菜素N、O和P;4个已知二萜为白叶香茶菜戊素(4)、无毛狭叶香茶菜素C(5)、腺花香茶菜甲素(6)和白叶香茶菜乙素(7),同时得到一个高度不饱和脂肪酸9,16-二羰基-10,12,14-三烯-十八碳酸(8).根据ROESY波谱,对化合物4的结构进行了修正.化合物1对K562细胞显示出明显的细胞毒活性(IC50=0.45 μg/mL).     

腺花香茶菜中的对映-贝壳杉烯类二萜化合物

从昆明产腺花香茶菜(Isodon adenanthus (Diels) Kudo)的地上部分分离到8个化合物,通过波谱分析鉴定,化合物1-3为新的对映-贝壳杉烯类二萜化合物,命名为腺花香茶菜素N、0和P;4个已知二萜为白叶香茶菜戊素(4)、无毛狭叶香茶菜素C(5)、腺花香茶菜甲素(6)和白叶香茶菜乙素(7),同时得到一个高度不饱和脂肪酸9,16-二羰基-10,12,14-三烯-十八碳酸(8)。根据ROESY波谱,对化合物4的结构进行了修正。化合物1对K562细胞显示出明显的细胞毒活性(IC50=0．45μg／mL)。     

细锥香茶菜化学成分的研究

从细锥香茶菜（Ｒａｂｄｏｓｉａｃｏｅｔｓａ（Ｂｕｃｈ．Ｈａｍ．ｅｘＤ．Ｄｏｎ）Ｈａｒａ）的叶中分离到９个化合物,通过波谱分析阐明其结构,其中１个为新的二萜酸———７α,１２α,１４β三羟基１５酮对映贝壳杉１８羧酸,命名为细锥香茶菜酸（ｃｏｅｔｓａｎｏｉｃａｃｉｄ）。另外８个化合物分别为二氢昆明香茶菜丙素、昆明香茶菜丙素、白柔毛香茶菜甲素、大萼香茶菜丙素、４羟基Δ８,９（Ｚ）鞘氨醇２′羟基正二十（二十一二十六）碳酸酰胺、乌苏酸、２α,３β二羟基乌苏酸和胡萝卜甙。神经酰胺类化合物系首次从该属植物中分离得到。     

蓝萼香茶菜萜类和黄酮类化合物的研究新进展

蓝萼香茶菜(Rabdosia japonica var.glaucocalyx)是唇形科香茶菜属植物,具有清热解毒、抗菌消炎和抗癌等功能。本文对该药材的二萜、三萜和黄酮类化合物及药理活性等方面进行综述,以期为该药材的后续研究提供参考。     

细锥香茶菜二萜的研究

从四川省峨眉山产细锥香茶菜[Rabdosia coetsa(Buch-Ham,ex,D.Don)Hara]乙醚抽提物中分得了一个新二萜化合物,命名为细锥香茶菜丁素(rabdocoetsin D),其结构经各项波谱数据和化学证据确定为1α,7β-二羟基-11β-乙酰氧基-对映-7β,20-环氧-贝壳杉-16-烯-15-酮(1)。另外还分离到3个已知二萜,细锥香茶菜乙素(rabdocoetsin B)、细锥香茶菜丙素(rabdocoetsin C)、瘿花香茶菜甲素(rosthorin A)。     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒研究进展

传染性法氏囊病(Infection bursal disease, IBD)是由鸡传染性法氏囊病毒(Infectious bursal disease virus, IBDV)引起的鸡和火鸡的一种高度接触性传染病,给世界各国的禽养殖业带来了巨大损失.自IBDV发现至今新的变异株不断出现,分子结构的改变导致病毒致病力的改变及宿主对疫苗应答的改变,使得传统的疫苗已不能控制其流行,因此各国学者对其基因组结构和功能进行了广泛深入的研究,并积极研制新型有效的疫苗以达到防治的目的.     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.     

Detection of EBV and HHV6 in the Brain Tissue of Patients with Rasmussen’s Encephalitis

Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE) is a rare pediatric neurological disorder, and the exact etiology is not clear. Viral infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of RE, but conflicting results have reported. In this study, we evaluated the expression of both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus (HHV) 6 antigens in brain sections from 30 patients with RE and 16 control individuals by immunohistochemistry. In the RE group, EBV and HHV6 antigens were detected in 56.7% (17/30) and 50% (15/30) of individuals, respectively. In contrast, no detectable EBV and HHV6 antigen expression was found in brain tissues of the control group. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in 20.0% (6/30) of individuals. In particular, a 4-year-old boy had a typical clinical course, including a medical history of viral encephalitis, intractable epilepsy, and hemispheric atrophy. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in neurons and astrocytes in the brain tissue, accompanied by a high frequency of CD8⁺ T cells. Our results suggest that EBV and HHV6 infection and the activation of CD8⁺ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RE.