慢性牙周炎患者血清CGRP、PGE2、CCL20与牙周临床指标和Th17/Treg失衡的相关性分析

摘要 目的：探讨慢性牙周炎（CP）患者血清降钙素基因相关肽（CGRP）、前列腺素E₂（PGE₂）、C-C基序趋化因子配体20（CCL20）与牙周临床指标和辅助性T细胞17/调节性T细胞（Th17/Treg）失衡的相关性。方法：选取2018年3月～2022年1月本院收治的92例CP患者,根据病情严重程度分为轻度组28例、中度组33例、重度组31例。检查患者牙周临床指标,采用酶联免疫吸附法检测血清CGRP、PGE₂、CCL20水平,流式细胞术检测外周血Th17、Treg百分比并计算Th17/Treg。比较3组血清CGRP、PGE₂、CCL20水平和牙周临床指标及外周血Th17、Treg、Th17/Treg,采用Pearson相关系数分析CP患者血清CGRP、PGE₂、CCL20水平与牙周临床指标和Th17/Treg的相关性。结果：轻度组、中度组、重度组血清CGRP水平和外周血Treg比例依次降低,血清PGE₂、CCL20水平和探诊深度（PD）、出血指数（BI）、附着丧失（AL）、菌斑指数（PLI）及外周血Th17比例、Th17/Treg依次升高（P＜0.05）。Pearson相关系数显示,CP患者血清CGRP水平与PD、BI、AL、PLI、Th17/Treg呈负相关,PGE₂、CCL20水平与PD、BI、AL、PLI、Th17/Treg呈正相关（P＜0.05）。结论：血清CGRP、PGE₂、CCL20水平与CP患者牙周临床指标和Th17/Treg失衡密切相关,可能是CP发生发展的关键因子。     

慢性牙周炎患者血清CGRP、PGE2、CCL20与牙周临床指标和Th17/Treg失衡的相关性分析

摘要 目的：探究慢性牙周炎患者血清降钙素基因相关肽（CGRP）、前列腺素E₂（PGE₂）、CC趋化因子配体20（CCL20）与牙周临床指标和辅助性T淋巴细胞17/调节性T淋巴细胞（Th17/Treg）失衡的相关性。方法：选取2020年5月-2022年5月海南省妇女儿童医学中心收治的91例慢性牙周炎患者,根据其严重程度分为轻度组（39例）、中度组（36例）、重度组（16例）,比较三组血清CGRP、PGE₂、CCL20、牙周临床指标[出血指数（BI）、探诊深度（PD）、附着丧失（AL）、菌斑指数（PLI）]、外周血Th17细胞比例、Treg细胞比例、Th17/Treg比值,采用Pearson相关分析血清CGRP、PGE₂、CCL20与牙周临床指标和Th17/Treg失衡的相关性。结果：与轻度组比较,中度组、重度组血清CGRP、Treg细胞比例显著降低（P＜0.05）,血清PGE₂、CCL20、BI、PD、PLI、AL、Th17细胞比例、Th17/Treg比值显著增高（P＜0.05）;与中度组比较,重度组血清CGRP、Treg细胞比例显著降低（P＜0.05）,血清PGE₂、CCL20、BI、PD、PLI、AL、Th17细胞比例、Th17/Treg比值显著增高（P＜0.05）。相关性结果提示,血清PGE₂、CCL20水平与BI、PD、PLI、AL、Th17细胞比例、Th17/Treg比值呈正相关（P＜0.05）,与Treg细胞比例呈负相关（P＜0.05）;血清CGRP水平与BI、PD、PLI、AL、Th17细胞比例、Th17/Treg比值呈负相关（P＜0.05）,与Treg细胞比例呈正相关（P＜0.05）。结论：慢性牙周炎患者血清CGRP、PGE₂、CCL20水平与疾病严重程度、牙周临床指标及Th17/Treg失衡显著相关,血清CGRP、PGE₂、CCL20可能通过影响Th17/Treg平衡参与慢性牙周炎的发生和发展。     

AIMS65评分联合血清GAS、PGE2、BAR对急性非静脉曲张性上消化道出血患者预后的评估价值

摘要 目的：探讨AIMS65评分联合血清胃泌素（GAS）、前列腺素E₂（PGE₂）、血尿素氮/白蛋白比值（BAR）对急性非静脉曲张性上消化道出血（ANVUGIB）患者内镜下止血治疗后预后的评估价值。方法：选取2020年5月～2022年5月北京市和平里医院消化内科收治的108例的ANVUGIB患者,根据患者住院28 d内的预后分为预后不良组和预后良好组。收集患者临床资料,检测血清GAS、PGE₂水平和计算AIMS65评分、BAR。采用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析ANVUGIB患者内镜下止血治疗后预后不良的影响因素,受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线分析AIMS65评分、GAS、PGE₂和BAR对ANVUGIB患者内镜下止血治疗后预后不良的评估价值。结果：108例ANVUGIB患者预后不良发生率为37.96％（41/108）。单因素分析显示,预后不良组年龄大于预后良好组,心率、休克指数、AIMS65评分、GAS、BAR高于预后良好组,PGE₂水平低于预后良好组（P均＜0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,年龄增加和休克指数、AIMS65评分、GAS、BAR升高为ANVUGIB患者内镜下止血治疗后预后不良的独立危险因素,PGE₂升高为其独立保护因素（P均＜0.05）。ROC曲线分析显示,AIMS65评分联合GAS、PGE₂和BAR评估ANVUGIB患者内镜下止血治疗后预后不良的曲线下面积大于AIMS65评分、GAS、PGE₂和BAR单独评估。结论：预后不良的ANVUGIB患者AIMS65评分、GAS、BAR均高于预后良好的患者,AIMS65评分联合GAS、PGE₂和BAR评估ANVUGIB患者内镜下止血治疗后预后的价值较高。     

消癥止痛汤联合耳穴压豆对气滞血瘀型子宫内膜异位症痛经患者炎症因子和PGE2、PGF2α的影响

摘要 目的：观察消癥止痛汤联合耳穴压豆对气滞血瘀型子宫内膜异位症（EMT）痛经患者炎症因子和前列腺素E₂（PGE₂）和前列腺素F2α（PGF2α）的影响。方法：选取2021年3月至2022年12月期间在广州中医药大学附属中山中医院收治的98例EMT痛经患者作为研究对象。采用随机数字表法将其分为对照组（常规西医治疗，n=49）和研究组（对照组的基础上消癥止痛汤联合耳穴压豆，n=49）。对比两组疗效、疼痛情况评分[疼痛视觉模拟评分（VAS）、COX痛经症状积分、]、中医证候评分、炎症因子[白细胞介素-6（IL-6）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、白细胞介素-8（IL-8）]和PGE₂和PGF2α水平。结果：研究组的临床总有效率高于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗3个疗程后，研究组VAS、COX痛经症状积分、中医证候总评分低于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗3个疗程后，研究组IL-6、TNF-α、IL-8低于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗3个疗程后，研究组PGE₂高于对照组，PGF2α低于对照组（P<0.05）。结论：消癥止痛汤联合耳穴压豆治疗气滞血瘀型EMT痛经患者，可有效改善痛经症状，降低中医证候评分，调节血清炎症因子和PGE₂、PGF2α水平。     

不明原因复发性流产再次妊娠患者血清1,25(OH)2D3、sTim-3与Th17/Treg免疫失衡和妊娠结局的关系

摘要 目的：探讨不明原因复发性流产（URSA）再次妊娠患者血清1,25-二羟维生素D3[1,25（OH)）₂D₃]、可溶性T细胞免疫球蛋白黏蛋白分子3（sTim-3）与辅助性T细胞17（Th17）/调节性T细胞（Treg）免疫失衡和妊娠结局的关系。方法：选择于湖南省妇幼保健院2020年1月~2022年1月就诊的62例URSA再次妊娠患者作为研究组,另选择同期进行孕检的正常早孕妇女30例作为对照组。比较两组孕早期血清1,25(OH) ₂D₃、sTim-3及外周血Th17细胞、Treg细胞水平、Th17/Treg比值。Pearson法分析URSA再次妊娠患者血清1,25(OH) ₂D₃、sTim-3与外周血Th17细胞、Treg细胞水平、Th17/Treg比值平的相关性。根据URSA再次妊娠患者妊娠结局的不同分为妊娠成功分娩组和妊娠再次流产组,比较两组孕早期血清1,25(OH) ₂D₃、sTim-3与外周血Th17细胞、Treg细胞水平、Th17/Treg比值。受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线分析血清1,25(OH) ₂D₃、sTim-3与外周血Th17细胞、Treg细胞水平、Th17/Treg比值对妊娠结局的预测价值。结果：研究组血清sTim-3、外周血Th17细胞水平、Th17/Treg比值高于对照组,血清1,25(OH) ₂D₃、外周血Treg细胞水平低于对照组（P<0.05）。Pearson相关分析显示,URSA再次妊娠患者血清1,25(OH) ₂D₃与血清sTim-3、外周血Th17细胞水平、Th17/Treg比值呈负相关,与Treg细胞水平呈正相关（P<0.05）;血清sTim-3与外周血Treg细胞水平呈负相关,与Th17细胞水平、Th17/Treg比值呈正相关（P<0.05）。妊娠再次流产组血清sTim-3、外周血Th17细胞水平、Th17/Treg比值高于妊娠成功分娩组,血清1,25(OH) ₂D₃、外周血Treg细胞水平低于妊娠成功分娩组（P<0.05）。ROC曲线分析显示,血清1,25(OH) ₂D₃、sTim-3及外周血Th17细胞、Treg细胞水平及Th17/Treg比值均可预测URSA再次妊娠患者妊娠再次流产的发生风险,且上述指标联合检测的预测效能更高。结论：血清1,25(OH) ₂D₃水平异常降低、sTim-3水平异常升高可导致Th17/Treg免疫失衡,导致URSA再次妊娠患者再次发生流产。上述指标联合检测对URSA再次妊娠患者妊娠再次流产的预测效能更高。     

温热中频治疗仪联合热敏灸对腰椎间盘突出症患者腰椎功能、血液流变学及血清PGE2和5-HT水平的影响

摘要 目的：探讨温热中频治疗仪联合热敏灸对腰椎间盘突出症（LDH）患者腰椎功能、血液流变学及血清前列腺素E₂（PGE₂）和5-羟色胺（5-HT）水平的影响。方法：采用随机数字表法,将湖南中医药大学第一附属医院2020年4月~2022年6月期间收治的128例LDH患者分为研究组（n=64,热敏灸联合温热中频治疗仪治疗）和对照组（n=64,热敏灸治疗）。对比两组疗效、腰椎功能、血液流变学及血清PGE₂、5-HT水平,同时观察两组不良反应发生情况。结果：研究组的临床总有效率（93.75%）明显高于对照组（79.69%）（P<0.05）。治疗4周后,与对照组相比,研究组全血高切黏度、血浆粘度、全血低切黏度、红细胞压积、视觉模拟疼痛（VAS）评分和血清PGE₂、5-HT水平更低,日本骨科协会（JOA）评分更高（P<0.05）。治疗过程中两组患者均未出现不良反应。结论：温热中频治疗仪联合热敏灸治疗LDH患者,可有效改善患者的腰椎功能、血液流变学及血清PGE₂和5-HT水平。     

术前修正衰弱指数联合C反应蛋白/白蛋白比值、中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值对老年结直肠癌患者术后谵妄发生风险的评估价值

摘要 目的：探讨术前修正衰弱指数（mFI）联合C反应蛋白/白蛋白比值（CAR）、中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值（NLR）预测老年结直肠癌患者术后谵妄发生风险的价值。方法：选择2020年1月至2021年12月郑州大学第一附属医院收治的352例行腹腔镜手术治疗的老年结直肠癌患者,根据术后谵妄发生情况将患者分为谵妄组（63例）和无谵妄组（289例）。术前采用mFI评估衰弱状态,检测C反应蛋白、白蛋白、中性粒细胞计数和淋巴细胞计数,计算CAR和NLR。分析影响老年结直肠癌患者术后发生谵妄的危险因素以及mFI、CAR和NLR预测老年结直肠癌患者术后发生谵妄的价值。结果：谵妄组mFI、CAR、NLR大于无谵妄组（P＜0.05）。年龄、饮酒史、脑血管病史、精神病史、术后转重症监护病房（ICU）比例高于无谵妄组（P＜0.05）。年龄、mFI、CAR、NLR升高是老年结直肠癌患者术后发生谵妄的危险因素（P＜0.05）。联合mFI、CAR、NLR预测老年结直肠癌患者术后发生谵妄的曲线下面积为0.835,高于单独mFI、CAR、NLR预测的0.688、0.741、0.733。结论：mFI、CAR、NLR升高是老年结直肠癌患者术后发生谵妄的危险因素,三指标联合检测有助于评估老年结直肠癌患者术后发生谵妄的风险。     

苍龟探穴电针疗法联合肩关节功能锻炼对肩周炎患者肩关节功能、炎症因子和血清5- HT、PGE2的影响

摘要 目的：观察苍龟探穴电针疗法联合肩关节功能锻炼对肩周炎患者肩关节功能、炎症因子和血清5-羟色胺（5-HT）、前列腺素E₂（PGE₂）的影响。方法：选择2019年7月~2021年7月期间我院收治的肩周炎患者80例,按照入院的奇偶顺序分为对照组和研究组,各为40例,对照组接受肩关节功能锻炼,研究组接受苍龟探穴电针疗法联合肩关节功能锻炼,对比两组疗效、视觉疼痛模拟评分量表（VAS）评分、血清5- HT、PGE₂水平、肩关节活动度（前屈、后伸、外展、内收、内旋、外旋）和肩关节周围肌力相关指标、血清炎症因子水平。结果：研究组的临床总有效率高于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗后,两组VAS评分均下降,且研究组较对照组低（P<0.05）。治疗后,两组主动和被动状态下患肢前屈、后伸、内收、外展、内旋、外旋活动度均改善,且研究组优于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗后,两组前屈峰力矩（PT）、前屈平均功率（AP）、外展PT、外展AP均升高,且研究组高于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗后,两组血清PGE₂、5-HT水平均下降,且研究组低于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗后,两组血清白介素-6（IL-6）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、C反应蛋白（CRP）水平均下降,且研究组较对照组低（P<0.05）。结论：苍龟探穴电针疗法联合肩关节功能锻炼可促进肩周炎患者肩关节功能改善,减轻疼痛症状,作用机制可能与降低血清5- HT、PGE₂及炎症因子水平有关。     

气管哮喘患者血清趋化因子CXCL12水平的表达及其与炎症因子和肺功能的相关性研究

摘要 目的：探讨支气管哮喘患者血清趋化因子CXCL12水平与炎症因子和肺功能的关系。方法：选择2017年10月至2019年10月我院收治的支气管哮喘患者共106例,其中急性发作期67例（急性发作组）、慢性持续期39例（慢性持续组）,另选择50例体检的健康志愿者为对照组,均进行血清CXCL12检测,分析CXCL12与炎症因子、肺功能、嗜酸性粒细胞（EOS）、免疫球蛋白E（IgE）、呼出气一氧化氮（FeNo）的相关性。结果：急性发作期组血清CXCL12、白介素-4（IL-4）、白介素-17A（IL-17A）、白介素-13（IL-13）、EOS、IgE、FeNO水平高于慢性持续期组和对照组（P＜0.05）,慢性持续期组血清CXCL12、IL-4、IL-17A、IL-13、EOS、IgE、FeNO水平高于对照组（P＜0.05）;急性发作期组第1秒用力呼气容积（FEV1）、第1秒用力呼气容积与用力肺活量比值（FEV1/FVC）、第1秒用力呼气容积占预计值百分数(FEV₁ %pred)低于慢性持续期组和对照组（P＜0.05）,慢性持续期组FEV FEV₁、FEV FEV₁/FVC、FEV FEV₁%pred低于对照组（P＜0.05）。多元线性回归分析结果显示血清CXCL12与支气管哮喘患者FEV FEV₁、FEV FEV₁/FVC呈负相关（P＜0.05）,与EOS、IgE、IL-4、IL-17A、IL-13呈正相关（P＜0.05）。结论：CXCL12在支气管哮喘进程中可能发挥促炎作用,血清CXCL12水平可反映患者病情严重程度和肺通气功能。     

血清IL-13、IL-17、IL-37与慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期无创机械通气患者预后不良的关系分析

摘要 目的：分析慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期（AECOPD）无创机械通气患者血清白细胞介素（IL）-13、IL-17、IL-37的变化并探讨其与患者预后不良的关系。方法：选取2019年1月～2022年2月我院收治的102例接受无创机械通气治疗的AECOPD患者（AECOPD组）,根据预后情况分为预后不良亚组41例和预后良好亚组61例,另选取68例慢性阻塞性肺疾病稳定期（SCOPD）患者作为SCOPD组和57例体检健康者作为对照组。采用酶联免疫吸附法检测血清IL-13、IL-17、IL-37水平。采用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析AECOPD无创机械通气患者预后不良的影响因素,受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线分析血清IL-13、IL-17、IL-37水平对AECOPD无创机械通气患者预后不良的预测价值。结果： 对照组、SCOPD组、AECOPD组血清IL-13、IL-17、IL-37水平依次升高（P＜0.05）。预后不良亚组血清IL-13、IL-17、IL-37水平高于预后良好亚组（P＜0.05）。单因素分析显示,预后不良亚组年龄大于预后良好亚组,心功能不全比例和COPD评估测试（CAT）评分、C反应蛋白高于预后良好亚组（P＜0.05）,而两组性别、体质指数、AECOPD病程、吸烟、糖尿病、高血压、冠心病、慢性肾功能不全、第1秒用力呼气容积/用力肺活量（FEV₁/FVC）、白细胞计数、降钙素原组间对比无差异（P＞0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,FEV₁％增加为AECOPD无创机械通气患者预后不良的独立保护因素,年龄增加、CAT评分增加和IL-13、IL-17、IL-37升高独立危险因素（P＜0.05）。ROC曲线分析显示,血清IL-13、IL-17、IL-37水平联合预测AECOPD无创机械通气患者预后不良的曲线下面积大于IL-13、IL-17、IL-37水平单独预测。结论：AECOPD无创机械通气患者血清IL-13、IL-17、IL-37水平升高与预后不良密切相关,血清IL-13、IL-17、IL-37可作为AECOPD无创机械通气患者预后评估的潜在生物学指标。     

Interaction of the Thermoplasma acidophilum A1A0-ATP synthase peripheral stalk with the catalytic domain

The peripheral stalk of the archaeal ATP synthase (A₁A₀)-ATP synthase is formed by the heterodimeric EH complex and is part of the stator domain, which counteracts the torque of rotational catalysis. Here we used nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to probe the interaction of the C-terminal domain of the EH heterodimer (E_CT1H_CT) with the N-terminal 23 residues of the B subunit (B_NT). The data show a specific interaction of B_NT peptide with 26 residues of the E_CT1H_CT domain, thereby providing a molecular picture of how the peripheral stalk is anchored to the A₃B₃ catalytic domain in A₁A₀.

Structured summary

MINT-7260681: Hct (refseq:NP_393485), Ect1 (uniprotkb:Q9HM68) and Bnt (uniprotkb:Q9HM64) physically interact (MI:0915) by nuclear magnetic resonance (MI:0077)     

Cobalt(III) complexes with linear hexadentate N6 or N4S2 donor set atoms providing pyridyl-amide-amine/thioether coordination

Two new cobalt(III) complexes of symmetric hexadentate ligand with N₆ [1,10-bis(2-picolinamide)-4,7-diazadecane (pycdpnen)] and N₄S₂ [1,8-bis(2-picolinamide)-3,6-dithiaoctane (pycdadt)] donor set atoms have been synthesized as perchlorate salts and characterized by spectroscopic methods. All two ligands with strong-field pyridylcarboxamido N donor stabilize Co(III) as demonstrated by the facile oxidation of the cobalt center. The structures of [Co(pycdpnenH₋₂)](ClO₄) (1) and [Co(pycdadtH₋₂)](ClO₄) · H₂O (2) investigated by COSY, HMBC, HMQC and NOESY NMR studies show that compounds 1 and 2 have the same geometrical configuration. The X-ray analysis reveals that complex 2 crystallizes in a orthorhombic space group Pccn. The cation [Co(pycdadtH₋₂)]⁺ is distorted octahedral with the two pyridyl groups in cis position.     

Study on the heterogeneous degradation of chitosan with H2O2 catalyzed by a new supermolecular assembly crystal: [C6H8N2]6H3[PW12O40]·2H2O

A new supermolecular assembly crystal, [C₆H₈N₂]₆H₃[PW₁₂O₄₀]·2H₂O (DMB-PWA), was synthesized with phosphotungstic acid (PWA) and 1,2-diaminobenzene (DMB) under hydrothermal conditions and was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectra (FTIR) and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. DMB-PWA could effectively catalyze oxidative degradation of chitosan with H₂O₂ in the heterogeneous phase. The optimum degradation conditions were determined by orthogonal tests as follows: amount of chitosan 1.00 g, 30% (wt %); H₂O₂, 3.0 mL; dosage of catalyst, 0.06 g; reaction temperature, 85 °C; and reaction time, 30 min. The water-soluble chitosan with a viscosity-average molecular weight (M_v) of 4900 was obtained under the optimum degradation conditions and was characterized by FTIR, ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflection spectra (UV-vis DRS), and X-ray powder diffraction analysis.     

Mitochondrial F1Fo-ATP Synthase: The Small Subunits e and g Associate with Monomeric Complexes to Trigger Dimerization

Mitochondrial F₁F_o-ATP synthase catalyzes the formation of ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate. The enzyme is found in monomeric, dimeric and higher oligomeric forms in the inner mitochondrial membrane. Dimerization of ATP synthase complexes is a prerequisite for the generation of larger oligomers that promote membrane bending and formation of tubular cristae membranes. Two small proteins of the membrane-embedded F_o-domain, subunit e (Su e; Atp21) and Su g (Atp20), were identified as dimer-specific subunits of yeast ATP synthase and shown to be required for stabilization of the dimers. We have identified two distinct monomeric forms of yeast ATP synthase. Su e and Su g are present not only in the dimer but also in one of the monomeric forms. We demonstrate that Su e and Su g sequentially assemble with monomeric ATP synthase to form a dimerization-competent primed monomer. We conclude that association of Su e and Su g with monomeric F₁F_o-ATP synthase represents an initial step of oligomer formation.     

Mechanism of the gas phase reactions of the C5H5Ni and C5H5Co ions with substituted pyridines. A combined experimental and theoretical study

Different products have been observed in the reactions of C₅H₅Co⁺ and C₅H₅Ni⁺ ions with halogen-substituted pyridines (XPy) that have been studied by ion trap mass spectrometry (ITMS) techniques. In particular, an addition product C₅H₅M(XPy)⁺ and a product ion C₅H₄M(Py)⁺ corresponding to a loss of a HX molecule (X = F, Cl, Br) have been detected. The relative yield of these products is determined by the nature of the metal and by the nature and position of the halogen on the pyridine ring. A computational study at the DFT level on model-systems formed by 2-fluoro and 2-bromopyridine reacting either with the C₅H₅Ni⁺ or the C₅H₅Co⁺ ion has been carried out. This study shows the existence of a general mechanistic pattern. The rate-determining step of this mechanism is the migration of the halogen from the pyridine ring to the metal. A final hydrogen abstraction step carried out by the halogen leads to the expulsion of a HX molecule. The existence of avoided crossings between surfaces of different multiplicities (ground and first excited state) allows the system to follow lower energy reaction pathways. The barrier determined for the reactions involving 2-bromopyridine is significantly lower than that found for 2-fluoropyridine. This is mainly due to the poor migrating/leaving character and low polarizability of fluorine compared to that of bromine.     

Sn-S and Ru-Ru bonds cleavage reactions between [Ph3SnS(CH2)3SSnPh3] and Ru3(CO)12: X-ray crystal structures of [Ph3SnS(CH2)3SSnPh3] and trans-[Ru(CO)4(SnPh3)2]

The organotin complex [Ph₃SnS(CH₂)₃SSnPh₃] (1) was synthesized by PdCl₂ catalyzed reaction between Ph₃SnCl and disodium-1,3-propanedithiolate which in turn was prepared from 1,2-propanedithiol and sodium in refluxing THF. Reaction of 1 with Ru₃(CO)₁₂ in refluxing THF affords the mononuclear complex trans-[Ru(CO)₄(SnPh₃)₂] (2) and the dinuclear complex [Ru₂(CO)₆(μ-κ²-SCH₂CH₂CH₂S)] (3) in 20 and 11% yields, respectively, formed by cleavage of Sn-S bond of the ligand and Ru-Ru bonds of the cluster. Treatment of pymSSnPPh₃ (pymS = pyrimidine-2-thiolate) with Ru₃(CO)₁₂ at 55-60 °C also gives 2 in 38% yield. Both 1 and 2 have been characterized by a combination of spectroscopic data and single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis.     

Transesterification of sunflower oil to biodiesel on ZrO2 supported La2O3 catalyst

ZrO₂ supported La₂O₃ catalyst prepared by impregnation method was examined in the transesterification reaction of sunflower oil with methanol to produce biodiesel. It was found that the catalyst with 21 wt% loaded La₂O₃ and calcined at 600 °C showed the optimum activity. The basic property of the catalyst was studied by CO₂-TPD, and the results showed that the fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) yield was related to their basicity. The catalyst was also characterized by TG–DTA, XRD, FTIR, SEM and TEM, and the mechanism for the formation of basic sites was discussed. It was also found that the crystallite size of support ZrO₂ decreased by loading of La₂O₃, and the model of the solid-state reaction on the surface of La₂O₃/ZrO₂ catalyst was proposed. Besides, the influence of various reaction variables on the conversion was investigated.     

无机磷影响叠氮钠对ATP合成酶合成活性的抑制

利用ADP和放射性磷直接合成ATP的方法,研究了无机磷(P_i)和叠氮钠对猪心线粒体ATP合成酶（F₁F_O-ATPase）ATP合成活性的影响.结果发现无机磷除作为合成ATP的底物参与F₁F_O-ATPase的合成反应外,还对F₁F_O-ATPase的合成活性呈现抑制作用,在1 mmol/L ADP存在时,随着P_i浓度由0.01～10 mmol/L增加,抑制合成作用越来越强.与叠氮钠在低浓度时(小于1 mmol/L)只抑制ATP水解,不影响ATP合成的观点不同.实验结果显示0.1 mmol/L叠氮钠表观激活F₁F_O-ATPase的ATP合成活性,且激活程度与反应体系中所加P_i的浓度呈负相关.当固定P_i浓度（0.1 mmol/L）后,随着叠氮钠浓度的增加表观激活程度也在变化,叠氮钠与磷浓度相等时表观激活程度最大,直至叠氮钠浓度接近0.5 mmol/L时,开始呈现表观抑制现象,叠氮钠浓度高于1 mmol/L之后,就出现解偶联现象.     

Association of the calpain/calpastatin network with subcellular organelles

The calcium-activated cysteine protease calpain is intimately involved in modulating cell adhesion and migration. The two ubiquitous isoforms of this protease, calpain I and II, are considered to be cytosolic proteins that can translocate to both focal complexes/adhesions or the plasma membrane. Using confocal microscopy and isopycnic density centrifugation, the results demonstrate that calpain I and II, the 30kDa regulatory subunit, and calpastatin associate with the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus. Confocal microscopy reveals that calpain II colocalizes with the subcellular proteins calnexin and Rab6 in cells bound to laminin. To further verify this association, cell lysates prepared from laminin stimulated and unstimulated cells were subjected to isopycnic density centrifugation. The results reveal an increased association of calpain I, II, calpastatin, and the 30kDa regulatory subunit with the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus as evidenced by their position in the gradient relative to calnexin, Rab6, caveolin, and beta1 integrin after laminin stimulation. This correlates with the accumulation of inducible calpain activity at the endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi apparatus interface. Further experiments established that calpain II colocalizes with phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate. Finally, calpain II associates with membrane lipid rafts. These results provide new insights into how the calpain/calpastatin network is spatially and temporally regulated in cells binding to the extracellular matrix.     

Smac/DIABLO在过氧化氢所致C2C12肌原细胞凋亡中的作用

为探讨Smac/DIABLO在过氧化氢(H₂O₂）所致C₂C₁₂肌原细胞凋亡中的作用,采用Hoechst 33258染色,观察H₂O₂ (0.5 mmol/L)处理C₂C₁₂肌原细胞不同时间后,细胞核形态学改变并计算凋亡核百分率,DNA抽提及琼脂糖电泳观察凋亡特征性梯状带,利用细胞成分分离后蛋白质印迹分析H₂O₂是否导致Smac/DIABLO从线粒体释放,采用Caspase检测试剂盒及蛋白质印迹分析Caspase-3和Caspase-9的活化,转染Smac/DIABLO基因,观察Smac/DIABLO过表达对H₂O₂所致的C₂C₁₂肌原细胞凋亡的影响.结果表明:H₂O₂处理1 h后,Smac/DIABLO从C₂C₁₂肌原细胞线粒体释放入胞浆,2 h更明显;H₂O₂处理4 h后,Caspase-3和Caspase-9活化,12 h达高峰;H₂O₂处理24 h后,C₂C₁₂肌原细胞显示特征性的凋亡形态改变,凋亡核百分率明显升高,DNA电泳出现明显“梯状”条带.与单纯过氧化氢损伤组相比,Smac/DIABLO高表达的C₂C₁₂肌原细胞经过氧化氢损伤组的Caspase-3和Caspase-9的活化、凋亡核百分率的升高、“梯状”条带的出现均更明显.结果表明,H₂O₂可导致Smac/DIABLO从C₂C₁₂肌原细胞线粒体释放,促进Caspase-9和Caspase-3的活化而促进细胞凋亡的发生.