大豆再生体系的研究

选用东北地区主栽品种‘黑农41’的子叶节和胚尖作为外植体,建立了‘黑农41’的子叶节和胚尖再生体系,并对2种再生体系进行了比较.结果表明子叶节最适芽诱导培养基为MSB5+1.0 mg/L6-BA+0.2 mg/LIBA,最适生根培养基为MSB5+1.0mg/LIBA;胚尖最适芽诱导培养基为MSB5 +0.2 mg/L6-BA +0.2 mg/LIBA,最适生根培养基为MSB5+2.0 mg/LIBA,子叶节更适合作为遗传转化的受体材料.     

睡菜离体快繁技术的研究

以睡菜的幼嫩茎段为外植体,接种到附加不同浓度激素配比(6-BA/NAA)的MS培养基,诱导睡菜愈伤组织、芽及根的生长。研究发现,外植体在1.0mg/L 6-BA+0.1mg/L NAA+MS的培养基上培养10d,可观察到浅绿色的愈伤组织。愈伤组织转接到4.0mg/L 6-BA+0.3mg/L NAA+MS培养基上2周左右可生成芽。对带芽的愈伤组织再进行诱导生根进而形成完整再生植株,最适根诱导培养基为0.3mg/L 6-BA+1.0mg/L NAA+MS培养基。该实验采用植物离体快繁技术成功建立了睡菜再生体系,为睡菜种苗规模化奠定了技术基础。     

中药“枳壳”的组织培养与植株再生（简报）

以酸橙的茎段为外植体,进行离体再生体系研究.结果表明,培养基MS + 6-BA 1.0 mg/L + IAA 0.5 mg/L + CH 400 mg/L适宜不定芽诱导;培养基MS + 6-BA 0.5 mg/L+ IAA 0.25 mg/L + CH 400 mg/L适宜不定芽增殖;培养基1/2MS + NAA 1.0 mg/L + IBA 2.0 mg/L生根效果较好,生根率达80%以上.     

地涌金莲组培快繁技术研究

以地涌金莲吸芽为外植体,在MS+6-BA 1.0mg/L+IBA 0.5mg/L培养基上培养30d后产生幼芽;丛芽增殖培养基为MS+6-BA0.3mg/L+IBA0.1mg/L,增殖系数达2.83以上;生根诱导最佳培养基为MS+NAA1.0mg/L,生根率达100%。移栽成活率95%以上。     

芦笋丛生芽增殖培养技术

本试验以芦笋新品种"津宁"为材料,探讨植物生长调节剂对不同外植体产生丛生芽的效应。试验结果表明,NAA、6-BA和KT三者配合使用有利于丛生芽的增殖:以茎尖为增殖外植体时,培养基用MS+NAA0.1 mg/L+6-BA0.2~0.3 mg/L+KT 0.1 mg/L,30 d时平均每瓶可以产生20.5个丛生芽;以茎中段为外植体时,培养基用MS+NAA 0.1 mg/L+6-BA 0.3~0.4 mg/L+KT 0.1 mg/L,30 d时平均每瓶可产生33.5个丛生芽;以茎基为外植体时,培养基用MS+NAA 0.1 mg/L+6-BA 0.3~0.5 mg/L+KT 0.1 mg/L,30 d时平均每瓶可以产生43.1个丛生芽。进行试管苗工厂化生产时,增殖外植体以茎基为最佳。     

商陆离体再生体系的构建

目的:建立商陆离体再生体系。方法:选取商陆的幼茎、茎节、叶片、叶柄和顶芽为外植体,以MS作为基本培养基,通过添加不同浓度配比的植物生长调节剂分别进行愈伤组织、丛生芽和生根诱导,筛选商陆离体再生体系方案。结果:顶芽和幼茎为外植体诱导的愈伤组织出愈时间早,愈伤组织质量高,以培养基MS+6-BA0.5 mg/L+2.4-D 0.5 mg/L的诱导率最高,达到100%;其中,只有以顶芽产生的愈伤组织才能分化出丛生芽,芽分化培养基为MS+6-BA 2.0 mg/L+NAA 0.25 mg/L,诱导率为98%;诱导生根的适宜培养基为1/2 MS+NAA 0.3 mg/L,诱导率达100%。结论:建立和完善了商陆离体再生体系方案,为商陆遗传转化体系的构建奠定了基础。     

文心兰花梗茎段植株再生培养的影响因子研究

应用正交试验设计法研究基本培养基、植物生长调节剂种类及浓度对文心兰花梗茎段芽再生丛生芽诱导、增殖和生根培养的影响。筛选出最佳基本培养基为1/2 MS;最佳诱导培养基为1/2 MS+6-BA 5.0 mg/L+NAA 0.5 mg/L+蔗糖20 g/L;最佳增殖培养基为1/2 MS+6-BA 3.0 mg/L+NAA 0.5 mg/L+蔗糖30 g/L;最佳生根培养基为1/2 MS+IBA 0.05 mg/L+NAA 0.3 mg/L+香蕉泥100 g/L+蔗糖20 g/L。     

中国传统菊花品种‘小林静’再生及转化体系的建立

以中国传统菊花品种‘小林静’叶片为外植体,建立了‘小林静’较好的再生体系及遗传转化体系.结果表明,‘小林静’叶盘最适不定芽分化培养基为MS+2.0 mg/L 6-BA+1.5 mg/L NAA,不定芽分化率为92.76％,平均再生不定芽数为2.3767个;试管苗最佳生根培养基为1/2MS,生根率达100％.移栽采用灭菌的蛭石,再生苗移栽成活率达90％以上.采用根癌农杆菌C58C1介导的叶盘转化法进行‘小林静’的遗传转化试验,农杆菌OD600=0.5-0.6,侵染10 min后,将叶片外植体接种到MS+2.0 mg/L 6-BA+1.5mg/L NAA的培养基中黑暗共培养2d,之后转接到附加10 mg/L硫酸卡那霉素和400 mg/L羧苄青霉素的分化筛选培养基中进行转化细胞的筛选,待长出抗性芽后转接至生根培养基中进行培养,最终建立了菊花品种‘小林静’的遗传转化体系.     

达摩兰组织培养适宜培养基的研究

以达摩兰的原种苗茎段为外植体进行组织培养研究,筛选出最适培养基(1)原球茎诱导:MS+6-BA 0.5 mg/L+NAA 1.0 mg/L+香蕉肉250 g/L;(2)丛生芽诱导:1/2 MS+6-BA 3 mg/L+NAA 2.0 mg/L+AC 2.5 g/L+蔗糖3%+香蕉肉200 g/L;(3)芽增殖:1/2 MS+6-BA 3 mg/L+NAA 2.0 mg/L+AC 2.5 g/L+蔗糖3%+香蕉肉150 g/L;(4)根诱导:1/2 MS+6-BA 0.3 mg/L+IBA 0.5 mg/L+NAA 0.5 mg/L+AC 2.5 g/L+蔗糖3%。采用珍珠岩、细石与树皮的混合物为培养基质,移栽成活率达95%以上。     

药用植物金荞麦愈伤组织诱导与植株再生

目前转基因技术已成为植物定向遗传改良的重要手段,而建立稳定高频的离体再生系统是实现遗传转化的基础和前提.本试验以25 ～30 d苗龄的金养麦(Fagopyrum dibotrys)无菌苗叶片、茎节间、叶柄为外植体进行愈伤组织诱导与植株再生研究.结果表明:叶片在MS +2,4-D 4.0 mg/L +6-BA 1.0 mg/L培养基上愈伤组织诱导率达到89％.茎节间在MS +2,4-D 2.0 mg/L +6-BA 2.0 mg/L培养基上愈伤组织诱导率为87％.叶柄在MS +2,4-D 4.0 mg/L +6-BA 2.0 mg/L+ IBA 0.2 mg/L培养基上的最高诱导率仅为54％.愈伤组织分化不定芽的适宜培养基为MS +6- BA2.0 mg/L +TDZ0.2 mg/L +NAA0.2 mg/L;金荞麦不定芽在1/2 MS +NAA 0.5 mg/L的培养基上生根效果最好.组培再生植株经炼苗后移栽到田间成活率达80％以上,且生长表现正常.高频完整再生体系的建立,为金荞麦进一步遗传操作和扩大药材资源奠定了基础.     

Investigation of the mechanism of temperature sensitivity of the electroreceptors of ampullae of lorenzini

In experiments on Black Sea skates (Raja clavata), the potential of the receptor epithelium of the ampullae of Lorenzini and spike activity of single nerve fibers connected to them were investigated during electrical and temperature stimulation. Usually the potential within the canal was between 0 and –2 mV, and the input resistance of the ampulla 250–400 k. Heating of the region of the receptor epithelium was accompanied by a negative wave of potential, an increase in input resistance, and inhibition of spike activity. With worsening of the animal's condition the transepithelial potential became positive (up to +10 mV) but the input resistance of the ampulla during stimulation with a positive current was nonlinear in some cases: a regenerative spike of positive polarity appeared in the channel. During heating, the spike response was sometimes reversed in sign. It is suggested that fluctuations of the transepithelial potential and spike responses to temperature stimulation reflect changes in the potential difference on the basal membrane of the receptor cells, which is described by a relationship of the Nernst's or Goldman's equation type.I. P. Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. I. M. Sechenov, Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. Pacific Institute of Oceanology, Far Eastern Scientific Center, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Vladivostok. Translated from Neirofiziologiya, Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 67–74, January–February, 1980.     

Determination of stoichiometry of radioiodination of proteins

A sensitive method for the detection of small quantities of hydrophobic antioxidant free radical scavengers such as butylatedhydroxytoluene (BHT) and butylatedhydroxyanisole (BHA) in aqueous samples is described. The procedure involves extraction of the hydrophobic free radical scavenger into an organic solvent phase, followed by the subsequent reaction of an aliquot of this extract with the stable cation radical tris(p-bromophenyl)amminium hexachloroantimonate (TBACA). In experiments with BHT and BHA, the loss of TBACA absorbance at 730 nm was found to be linearly proportional to the amount of antioxidant added, with quantities of BHT as small as 200 pmol being easily detectable. In aqueous suspensions of dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine vesicles, assays of the aqueous BHT concentration showed that BHT partitioned strongly into the membrane phase, achieving very high BHT/phospholipid ratios. For a given concentration of BHT, partitioning into the membrane phase was greater in large, multilamellar liposomes than in either small, single-walled vesicles or in purified rat brain synaptic vesicle membranes. Direct assay of BHT and BHA in phospholipid membranes, however, was complicated by a nonspecific interaction between TBACA and the phospholipid.