共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 265 毫秒
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转基因植物中的卡那霉素抗性 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
在转基因植物中一个经常使用的标记基因就是卡那霉素抗性基因。对转基因植物的安全性估价将对于现代植物育种的普及和接受十分有利。对于这个标记基因的生物安全性进行估测认为,没有必要对含这个基因的转基因植物进行注册的限制。 相似文献
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转基因食品(Genetically Modified Foods.GM)是以转基因生物为原料加工而成的食品。对转基因食品安全性的争论主要集中于它对人和环境影响两个方面。其一是外源基因不是自然遗传的基因.它是否稳定.是否也像有害物质一样能通过食物链进入人体内.对人体造成意想不到的伤害。如食物过敏或者通过转基因作用而产生有害遗传性状对人的身体健康有害.或者发生有害基因的扩散。其二是转基因生物对农业和生态环境的影响如何。如抗病虫害的转基因作物在一定时期后可能使病虫产生抗性并且遗传. 相似文献
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转基因植物中报告基因gus的表达及其安全性评价 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
近十年来,植物转基因技术取得显著进展,许多转基因植物不断问世,其中报告基因gus在植物基因工程和遗传转化中发挥着重要的作用。本文就gus基因的来源、在转基因植物中的表达及其生态风险性与食品安全性作了简要综述。 相似文献
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转基因食品的发展现状及其安全性评述 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
对转基因食品的发展现状及转基因技术在作物生产上的应用作了介绍,对转基因食品的安全性作了较为客观地评述,并对转基因食品的发展前景作了简要展望。 相似文献
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发表多篇以转基因农产品饲喂动物而导致健康损害论文的维罗纳大学(University of Verona)学者Manuela Malatesta,是国际上采用实验方法研究转基因生物安全领域有影响力的学者之一。通过对美国Web of Science数据平台全部论文的检索,重点分析了其所发表的10篇转基因毒理学论文的研究内容、研究方法与结论,并追踪其研究的相关证据及学术界对其研究的评价,在此基础上,分析该研究方法与结论的可靠性。研究发现,Malatesta所发表转基因存在安全隐患的10篇研究论文,由于其研究材料及方法上所存在的问题除了个别存在明显错误的论文无法重现而被学术界所否定外,其余论文均被后续采用规范研究方法的同类研究所推翻。 相似文献
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朱巧燕 《中国生物工程杂志》2016,36(11):122-130
以转基因大米品尝会为例,通过问卷调查、访谈法、观察法研究由公众主动发起的科学传播活动及其参与者。描述了该类活动的发起和组织过程,发现参与者是一群热爱科学、认同科学价值并愿意传播科学的人,他们的行动对自己、对亲友、对社会都产生了一定的影响。转基因大米品尝会以及类似的活动是转型期中国情境下的公众参与科学实践。 相似文献
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A. Alan Moghissi Lisa M. Jaeger Dania Shafei Lindsey L. Bloom 《Critical reviews in biotechnology》2018,38(3):386-393
This paper provides an overview of the evolution of food labeling in the USA. It briefly describes the three phases of agricultural development consisting of naturally occurring, cross-bred, and genetically engineered, edited or modified crops, otherwise known as Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO). It uses the Best Available Regulatory Science (BARS) and Metrics for Evaluation of Regulatory Science Claims (MERSC) to evaluate the scientific validity of claims applicable to GMO and the Best Available Public Information (BAPI) to evaluate the pronouncements by public media and others. Subsequently claims on health risk, ecological risk, consumer choice, and corporate greed are evaluated based on BARS/MERSC and BAPI. The paper concludes by suggesting that labeling of food containing GMO should consider the consumer’s choice, such as the food used by those who desire kosher and halal food. Furthermore, the consumer choice is already met by the exclusion of GMO in organic food. 相似文献
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转基因植物核酸成分检测技术研究进展 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
首先对转基因核酸成分检测的靶序列特征进行了阐述,对转基因植物核酸成分的定性、定量检测技术研究进展进行了综述,包括基于PCR的检测技术、基于等温核酸扩增的检测技术、基因芯片检测技术、基于高通量测序和新型转基因核酸检测技术(如生物传感器技术、毛细管电泳技术和纳米刻度技术等),重点介绍了各种检测技术的原理、特点、研究现状和发展动态,并对各种方法的优缺点进行了比较。 相似文献
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Regulation is often seen as the dull end of science. The recent storm over the introduction of genetically modified foods and the calls to regulate their consumption have had a negative effect on development of the science. Assuring the safety of genetically modified foods might raise questions where existing scientific data is limited and underline the need for further research. 相似文献
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Kuiper HA Kleter GA Noteborn HP Kok EJ 《The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology》2001,27(6):503-528
International consensus has been reached on the principles regarding evaluation of the food safety of genetically modified plants. The concept of substantial equivalence has been developed as part of a safety evaluation framework, based on the idea that existing foods can serve as a basis for comparing the properties of genetically modified foods with the appropriate counterpart. Application of the concept is not a safety assessment per se, but helps to identify similarities and differences between the existing food and the new product, which are then subject to further toxicological investigation. Substantial equivalence is a starting point in the safety evaluation, rather than an endpoint of the assessment. Consensus on practical application of the principle should be further elaborated. Experiences with the safety testing of newly inserted proteins and of whole genetically modified foods are reviewed, and limitations of current test methodologies are discussed. The development and validation of new profiling methods such as DNA microarray technology, proteomics, and metabolomics for the identification and characterization of unintended effects, which may occur as a result of the genetic modification, is recommended. The assessment of the allergenicity of newly inserted proteins and of marker genes is discussed. An issue that will gain importance in the near future is that of post-marketing surveillance of the foods derived from genetically modified crops. It is concluded, among others that, that application of the principle of substantial equivalence has proven adequate, and that no alternative adequate safety assessment strategies are available. 相似文献
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Steve L. Taylor 《Journal of nematology》2001,33(4):178-182
The development of novel foods produced through agricultural biotechnology is a complex three-stage process: gene discovery, line selection, and product advancement to commercialization. The safety of genetically modified foods is an integral part of the overall developmental process throughout all of the stages. In the discovery stage, the safety of the gene, its source, and the gene products must be considered. If any questions arise at this stage, these questions must be answered later in the developmental process. During the line selection stage, the genetically modified seed progresses through a variety of greenhouse and field trials. At this stage, the biological and agronomic equivalence of the genetically modified crop to its traditional counterpart must be compared. While the evaluations made during this stage are not specifically directed toward a safety assessment, many potential products with unusual characteristics are eliminated during this stage of development. However, the elimination of products with unusual agronomic or biological characteristics enhances the likelihood that a safe product will be generated. Finally, in the pre-commercialization stage, the genetically modified product undergoes a detailed safety assessment process. This process focuses on the safety of the gene products associated with the introduced gene and any other likely toxicological or anti-nutrient factors associated with the source of the novel gene and the crop to which it was introduced. The safety of the genetically modified product for both food and feed uses is considered. Thus far, all of the genetically modified products brought into the marketplace have been subjected to such an intensive safety assessment. The safety assessment data have been reviewed by regulatory authorities around the world. The current generation of genetically modified products are quite safe for human and feed animal consumption. 相似文献
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P. A. C. Sparrow 《Molecular biotechnology》2010,44(3):267-275
GM risk assessments (GMRAs) play an important role in the decision-making process surrounding the regulation, notification
and permission to handle Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs). Ultimately the role of each GMRA will be able to ensure the
safe handling and containment of the GMO; and to asses any potential impacts on the environment and human health. A risk assessment
should answer all “what if” scenarios, based on scientific evidence. This article sets out to provide researchers with helpful
guidance notes on producing their own GMRA. While reference is made to UK and EU regulations, the underlying principles and
points to consider are generic to most countries. 相似文献