HPLC-MS/MS法测定黄山贡菊花、叶和茎中酚类物质

采用HPLC-MS/MS检测技术分析了黄山贡菊花、叶、茎中酚类物质。结果表明,黄山贡菊花、叶、茎中酚类物质主要为黄酮及酚酸类化合物,其中贡菊花中含有13种黄酮类化合物,9种酚酸类化合物;叶中含有11种黄酮类化合物,6种酚酸类化合物;茎中含有8种黄酮类化合物,5种酚酸类化合物。贡菊花、叶、茎中共有的酚性成分包括:绿原酸、1,5-二咖啡酰奎尼酸、3,5-二咖啡酰奎尼酸、4,5-二咖啡酰奎尼酸、芹菜素-6-C-木糖-8-C-葡萄糖、芹菜素-6-C-葡萄糖-8-C-阿拉伯糖、芹菜素-6-C-阿拉伯糖-8-C-葡萄糖、木犀草苷、木犀草素-7-O-葡萄糖醛酸苷、香叶木素-7-O-6"-丙二酰-葡萄糖苷、金合欢素-7-O-6"-丙二酰-葡萄糖苷。金合欢素-7-O-半乳糖苷存在于贡菊茎、叶中,而在贡菊花中未发现;芹菜素-7-O-葡萄糖醛酸苷只存在于贡菊叶中,在贡菊花和茎中均未发现。     

连钱草化学成分研究

从连钱草(Glechoma longituba)分离并鉴定了10个化合物,分别为β-谷甾醇(1)、齐敦果酸(2)、熊果酸(3)、2α,3α-二羟基乌苏-12-烯-28-酸(4)2、α,3β-二羟基乌苏-12-烯-28-酸(5)、胡萝卜苷(6),3,6-二甲氧基-6″,6″-二甲基苯并吡喃-(7,8,2″,3″)-黄酮(7)、芫花素(8)、芹菜素-7-O--βD-葡萄糖苷(9)、木犀草素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖甙(10)。其中化合物2,4~8首次从该植物中分离得到。     

星状凤毛菊的化学成分研究

采用各种填料的色谱柱层析方法从药用植物星状凤毛菊(Saussurea stella Maxim)的全草中分离纯化出15个化合物,经波谱分析将它们的化学结构分别鉴定为2-甲氧基-4-羟基苯甲醛(1)、3-(3-甲氧基苯基)丙烯醛(2)、松脂素-4′-O-β-葡萄糖苷(3)、胡萝卜苷(4)、木犀草素(5)、金合欢素(6)、洋芹素(7)、日本椴苷(8)、3′-甲氧基木犀草素-7-O-β-葡萄糖苷(9)、洋芹素-7-O-β-葡萄糖苷(10)、槲皮素-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷(11)、山奈素3-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷(12)、槲皮素-5-O-β-葡萄糖苷(13)、4′-甲氧基槲皮素-5-O-β葡萄糖苷(14)和3-甲氧基山奈素-6-O-β葡萄糖苷(15)。其中化合物1～5、9～10和13～15是首次从该种植物中分离得到。     

鼬瓣花中的黄酮苷

从鼬瓣花甲醇提取物中分离得到4个黄酮苷类化合物,运用光谱技术鉴定了它们的结构,分别为洋芹素-7-O-(6″-O-p-羟基肉桂酰)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(1),洋芹素-7-葡萄糖苷(2),木犀草素-7-葡萄糖苷(3)和黄芩苷(4)。化合物1为首次从鼬瓣花属植物中分离获得。     

藏药斑唇马先蒿的化学成分研究

采用硅胶柱、大孔树脂柱、Sephadex LH-20柱、反相C18柱等柱层析手段,对斑唇马先蒿的化学成分进行了系统的分离纯化,得到了7个化合物,其1H NMR和13C NMR鉴定结果为木犀草素(luteolin,1)、芹菜素(apigenin,2)、金圣草黄素(chrysoeriol,3)、3,5,7-三羟基-3’,5’-二甲氧基黄酮(3,5,7-trihydroxy-3’,5’-dimethoxyl flavone,4)、毛蕊花苷(verbascoside,5)、异毛蕊花苷(isoverbascoside,6)、木犀草素4’-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(luteolin-4’-O-β-D-glucoside,7).这7个化合物均首次从该植物中分离得到,为藏药斑唇马先蓠的深入研究提供了基础.     

叶下珠中黄酮类化学成分及其生物活性

利用色谱分离方法与现代波谱分析技术,对叶下珠乙酸乙酯提取物的化学成分进行了系统的研究。从中分离鉴定了14个黄酮类化合物,分别为槲皮素-3-(4"-O-乙酰基)-O-α-L-鼠李糖-7-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷(1)、槲皮素-7-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷(2)、槲皮素-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷(3)、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(4)、芸香甙(5)、槲皮素(6)、山柰酚(7)、山柰酚-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷(8)、木犀草素(9)、木犀草素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(10)、蒙花苷(11)、山柰酚-3-O-β-芸香糖苷(12)、柚皮苷(13)、橙皮苷(14)。除5~7外的所有化合物均从该植物中首次分离。对分离所得的化合物进行了体外细胞毒和抗氧化活性测试,结果显示化合物6、9和10表现出一定的细胞毒活性,所有化合物均具有不同程度的抗氧化活性。     

蜈蚣草化学成分及抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶生物活性研究

采用多种分离分析手段对蜈蚣草(Pteris vittata)乙醇提取物进行系统的化学成分和乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制活性研究,应用现代波谱技术鉴定了其中的6个化学成分,分别是芹菜素(1)、芹菜素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(2)、木犀草素(3)、木犀草素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖(4)、山柰素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(5)、β-谷甾醇(6),所有化合物均系首次从该种中获得。化合物5具有一定抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶活性。     

红背山麻杆化学成分的研究

采用柱色谱技术从红背山麻杆叶子的60％乙醇提取物中分离得到4个黄酮苷和2个其他类化合物.根据理化性质及波谱方法分别鉴定为:芹菜素-6-C-D-葡萄糖苷(1)、芹菜素-7-O-芸香糖苷(2)、芹菜素-7-O-β-(2″-O-α-鼠李糖基)葡萄糖醛酸苷(3)、木犀草素-7-O-α-L-鼠李糖(1→6)-β-D-葡萄糖苷(4)、没食子酸乙酯(5)、β-胡萝卜苷(6).以上化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到,其中化合物1～4为首次从山麻杆属中分离得到的黄酮苷.     

毛果巴豆枝叶的化学成分研究

为研究毛果巴豆枝叶中的化学成分,该文采用硅胶、Sephadex LH-20柱色谱以及HPLC等多种色谱相结合的方法,对毛果巴豆枝叶95%乙醇提取物的乙酸乙酯萃取部位进行分离,从中得到8个化合物,通过波谱数据分析并结合文献比对,将其鉴定为2β-hydroxyteucvidin acetate(1),2β-hydroxyteucvidin(2),crotoeurin B(3),山奈酚-3-O-(6″-O-顺式对香豆酰基)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(4),山奈酚-3-O-(6″-O-反式对香豆酰基)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(5),栗苷A(6),cerevisterol(7),尿嘧啶(8)。化合物2-7均为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

连花清瘟胶囊原料药的化学成分研究北大核心CSCD

采用硅胶柱层析、Sephadex LH-20凝胶、制备液相等方法从连花清瘟胶囊原料药中分离得到17个化合物。通过IR、MS、1H NMR、13C NMR等波谱手段鉴定为(+)-松脂素(1)、连翘苷(2)、表松脂素-4'-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(3)、罗汉松脂素-4'-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(4)、大黄酚-1-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(5)、芦荟大黄素-8-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(6)、大黄酚(7)、大黄素(8)、大黄素甲醚(9)、芦荟大黄素(10)、芦荟大黄素乙酸酯(11)、槲皮素-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷(12)、山柰酚-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷(13)、五福花苷酸(14)、没食子酸(15)、苯甲酸(16)和β-谷甾醇(17)。本研究首次通过系统化学分离、鉴定手段从连花清瘟胶囊原料药中分离、鉴定17个化合物,为阐明连花清瘟胶囊的化学物质基础提供了重要的科学研究数据。     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.     

Detection of EBV and HHV6 in the Brain Tissue of Patients with Rasmussen’s Encephalitis

Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE) is a rare pediatric neurological disorder, and the exact etiology is not clear. Viral infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of RE, but conflicting results have reported. In this study, we evaluated the expression of both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus (HHV) 6 antigens in brain sections from 30 patients with RE and 16 control individuals by immunohistochemistry. In the RE group, EBV and HHV6 antigens were detected in 56.7% (17/30) and 50% (15/30) of individuals, respectively. In contrast, no detectable EBV and HHV6 antigen expression was found in brain tissues of the control group. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in 20.0% (6/30) of individuals. In particular, a 4-year-old boy had a typical clinical course, including a medical history of viral encephalitis, intractable epilepsy, and hemispheric atrophy. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in neurons and astrocytes in the brain tissue, accompanied by a high frequency of CD8⁺ T cells. Our results suggest that EBV and HHV6 infection and the activation of CD8⁺ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RE.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.