宫颈癌中端粒酶的表达和高危型人乳头瘤病毒感染

目的：研究不同程度子宫颈病变中高危型人乳头瘤病毒HR-HPV感染和端粒酶活性的表达,以探讨两者在宫颈癌及宫颈上皮内瘤变中的作用及相关性。方法：采用第二代杂交捕获技术检测宫颈脱落细胞HPV．DNA含量,并用免疫组织化学EnVision二步法检测宫颈组织标本中端粒酶的表达。结果：（1）端粒酶阳性表达率在对照组、C1NI、CINII、CINⅢ和宫颈癌组分别为10．00％、16．67％、40．00％、70．00％、95．00％,宫颈癌组高于cINⅢ,CINⅢ高于C1NⅡ,C1NII高于CINI,差异均有统计学意5C（X^2=-4．329,P=0．037;xⅫ．327,P=0．038;X^2=4．022,P=0．045）。（2）随着宫颈病变级别的增加,高危型HPV的阳性率和病毒负荷量均增高。高危型HPV的阳性率在宫颈癌和CINⅢ组明显高于对照组、CINI及CINⅡ（X^2=29．501-7．414,P〈0．01）。高危型HPV的病毒负荷量在对照组与其他4组比较,差异均有统计学意K（P〈0．05）;C1NI组分别与CINⅡ、C1NⅢ及宫颈癌组比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。（3）随着宫颈病变级别的增加,高危型HPV的阳性率和端粒酶阳性表达率依次递增,两者有明显的相关性（r=0．943,P〈0．01）。结论：高危型HPV感染和端粒酶活性均与宫颈癌前病变及宫颈癌的发生发展密切相关,有望作为子宫颈癌前病变和宫颈癌筛查的监测指标。     

P21蛋白在不同级别宫颈组织中的表达及其与高危HPV感染相关性的研究

目的通过检测宫颈组织中p21waf基因表达与高危HPV感染的情况,研究P21蛋白与高危HPV感染在宫颈组织恶性转化过程中的作用及其相互关系。方法应用免疫组化检测P21蛋白及基因杂交捕获Ⅱ代技术(HC-Ⅱ)检测高危HPV在正常宫颈组、宫颈炎、宫颈上皮内瘤样病变(CIN)及宫颈癌组这4组中的表达情况。结果在正常宫颈组、宫颈炎、宫颈上皮内瘤样病变(CIN)、及宫颈癌组中P21的阳性表达率分别为11.8%、15.4%、39.1%和57.7%;高危HPV的阳性表达率分别为20%、23.5%、65.2%和88.5%,这两项指标在CIN、宫颈癌组有明显的升高趋势且与正常宫颈和宫颈炎两组相比差异具有显著性统计学意义(P<0.05);各级别宫颈组织中高危HPV阳性组的P21蛋白阳性率明显高于阴性组的P21蛋白阳性率。差异在统计学上具有显著性意义(P<0.05)。结论P21蛋白的表达和高危HPV感染与宫颈病变的恶化均有高度的相关性,其检出率和阳性表达率随着宫颈病变恶性程度的增加而升高。在CIN向宫颈癌恶性转化过程中,P21与高危HPV共同促进肿瘤的发生。     

HPV感染结合负荷量检测对宫颈癌及上皮内瘤变的诊断价值

目的探讨HPV感染(尤其是高危型HPV)及其病毒负荷量在宫颈癌及上皮内瘤变诊断中的价值,以期对临床工作有所借鉴。方法采取回顾性研究宫颈癌、上皮内瘤变及正常妇女387例,对比分析宫颈癌、上皮内瘤变I、II、III级及正常妇女的HPV感染率及负荷情况。结果 (1)CIN I、II、III级和宫颈癌HPV感染率明显高于正常组(70.45%,55.56%,66.33%,84.62%vs 13.19%,P0.05),以高危型HPV为主(各占47.73%,41.67%,59.18%,83.08%),并且单一感染多见(63.64%,47.22%,53.06%,67.69%):(2)CIN I级HPV-DNA负荷量较低,CIN II、III级和宫颈癌组负荷量逐渐增加,尤其是病毒负荷量达500~1000及以上的比例逐步增高(P0.05):(3)Pearson相关分析可见HPV负荷量与宫颈病变严重程度密切相关(P0.01)。结论宫颈癌和CIN多伴有高危型HPV感染,其病变严重程度与HPV负荷量密切相关,HPV结合负荷量检测能更精确判断宫颈病变。     

宫颈癌中端粒酶的表达和高危型人乳头瘤病毒感染

目的:研究不同程度子宫颈病变中高危型人乳头瘤病毒HR-HPV感染和端粒酶活性的表达,以探讨两者在宫颈癌及宫颈上皮内瘤变中的作用及相关性。方法:采用第二代杂交捕获技术检测宫颈脱落细胞HPV-DNA含量,并用免疫组织化学EnVision二步法检测宫颈组织标本中端粒酶的表达。结果:(1)端粒酶阳性表达率在对照组、CINⅠ、CINⅡ、CINⅢ和宫颈癌组分别为10.00%、16.67%、40.00%、70.00%、95.00%,宫颈癌组高于CINⅢ,CINⅢ高于CINⅡ,CINⅡ高于CINⅠ,差异均有统计学意义(x2=4.329,P=0.037;x2=4.327,P=0.038;x2=4.022,P=0.045)。(2)随着宫颈病变级别的增加,高危型HPV的阳性率和病毒负荷量均增高。高危型HPV的阳性率在宫颈癌和CINⅢ组明显高于对照组、CINⅠ及CINⅡ(x2=29.501~7.414,P<0.01)。高危型HPV的病毒负荷量在对照组与其他4组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);CINⅠ组分别与CINⅡ、CINⅢ及宫颈癌组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(3)随着宫颈病变级别的增加,高危型HPV的阳性率和端粒酶阳性表达率依次递增,两者有明显的相关性(r=0.943,P<0.01)。结论:高危型HPV感染和端粒酶活性均与宫颈癌前病变及宫颈癌的发生发展密切相关,有望作为子宫颈癌前病变和宫颈癌筛查的监测指标。     

人乳头瘤病毒与宫颈癌前病变的相关性研究

目的：探讨人乳头瘤病毒感染与宫颈癌前病变两者之间的相关性。方法：选择2009年11月～2011年12月来我院就诊的220例宫颈病变患者为研究对象,将患者分成4组,即炎症组、CINl组、CIN2组和CIN3组,各组进行人乳头瘤病毒检出率及病毒载量的比较。结果：炎症组、CINl、CIN2和CIN34组人乳头瘤病毒的检出率分别为67．2％、80％、87．3％和91．4％且4组之间比较差异有显著统计学意义（P〈O．001）。炎症组HPV感染的阳性率与CIN组比较显著降低（P〈0．005）,宫颈癌前病变各组HPV感染呈阳性的病毒载量差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论：宫颈癌前病变的严重程度和感染高危型HPV病毒载量呈正相关,随着感染高危型HPV病毒载量越高,宫颈癌前病变的程度越严重。     

宫颈癌患者人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)主要型别及其感染研究

本文探讨了江西省和广东省宫颈癌患者人乳头瘤病毒(Human papillomavirus,HPV)感染及其型别分布,分析了高危型HPV对各种宫颈病变的感染情况,为宫颈癌的早期发现和临床诊治提供科学依据。首先采用细胞学、HPV DNA检测(第二代杂交捕获法,HC2)、电子阴道镜和宫颈化学着色方法筛查宫颈癌患者,经病理镜检确诊,然后用GP PCR-SBT法对宫颈癌患者进行HPV基因分型。江西省溪口镇、古市镇及修水县城宫颈癌癌前病变发生率为5．7‰。HC2方法发现宫颈癌患者13种高危型HPV DNA阳性率为89．9％,宫颈上皮内瘤样病变的为84．8％,对照组为24．5％。采用GP PCR-SBT方法进行基因分型发现,江西省宫颈癌患者存在HPV16、58、31、33、18、66、6、11、56和81十种型别,其中HPV81型在国内外鲜有报道。据此提出生殖道高危型HPV感染是妇女宫颈癌发病的重要因素。并发现江西省宫颈癌高发区妇女高危型HPV感染率为24．5％。建立了HPV基因分型的方法,对HPV致宫颈病变的分子机制进行了分析。     

兰州地区女性感染HPV及其基因类型分析

目的：了解兰州地区成年女性感染人乳头瘤病毒（human pap illoma virus,HPV）TL其基因类型分布状况,为本地区HPv分子流行病学研究提供理论依据。方法：利用PCR技术分别对100例妇科门诊就诊者进行HPV基因亚型检测。结果：100例样品中,HPVDNA检出率为19％（19／100）,其中HPVl6DNA感染率15％（15／100）,HPV58DNA感染率3％（3／100）,HPV18DNA感染率2％（2／100）,HPV16与HPVl8双重感染1例。结论：本地区成年女性HPV感染主要以HPV16多见,而HPV16与恶性肿瘤密切相关,因此对HPVDNA阳性者定期随访,有利于宫颈癌的防治。     

成都市人乳头瘤病毒16型感染与宫颈病变的相关性分析

本研究旨在探讨人乳头瘤病毒(human papillomavirus,HPV)16感染与宫颈病变的关系,为宫颈癌防治提供科学依据。通过核酸杂交法进行HPV感染分型,纳入1 057例HPV阳性且行组织切片病理学检查的患者,对各级别宫颈病变中HPV16构成比、不同年龄组HPV16阳性患者中宫颈上皮内瘤样病变(cervical intraepithelial neoplasia,CIN)Ⅱ及以上病变的患病率,以及HPV16单一与多重感染患者中CINⅡ及以上病变的患病率进行分析。结果显示,在1 057例HPV阳性患者中,352例感染HPV16,CINⅢ中HPV16构成比最高,各级别病变中HPV16构成比差异有统计学意义。随着病变级别增加,HPV16构成比有增高趋势(P0.05)。不同年龄组HPV16阳性患者中CINⅡ及以上病变的患病率差异有统计学意义(P0.05),且随年龄增加而升高(P0.05)。HPV16单一、双重与三重以上感染患者中,CINⅡ及以上病变的患病率差异有统计学意义(P0.05),且随着感染型别种类增加,患病率降低(P0.05)。本研究显示,HPV16与高级别宫颈病变有较明显的相关性,老年HPV16阳性患者检出宫颈癌的概率更高。因此,应高度重视HPV16持续性感染,做到及时诊断与治疗,以减少宫颈高级别病变和宫颈癌的发生。     

宫颈癌患者人乳头瘤病毒感染情况及STING、ZEB1蛋白水平分析

目的 分析宫颈癌患者人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染情况及癌灶组织内干扰素基因刺激因子（STING）、E盒锌指结合蛋白1(ZEB1)表达情况,为该类患者的治疗提供参考。方法 收集我院病理检验科2019年1月至2022年1月63例宫颈癌标本（宫颈癌组）、55例宫颈上皮内瘤变（CIN）标本（CIN组）及50例正常宫颈标本（正常组）,采用免疫组化法检测各标本内STING及ZEB1表达情况,采用原位杂交法检测各标本内高危HPV感染情况,分析STING及ZEB1蛋白表达情况与宫颈癌病理特征及高危HPV感染之间的关系。结果 宫颈癌组标本STING及ZEB1表达量均高于CIN组及正常组,CIN组标本ZEB1表达量高于正常组,差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）;CIN组标本STING表达量与正常组比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。宫颈癌组标本HPV16、18检出率高于CIN组及正常组,CIN组标本HPV16、18检出率高于正常组,差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。宫颈癌患者FIGO分期及浸润深度与其组织内STING及ZEB1蛋白阳性情况均存在相关性;此外,宫颈癌淋巴结转移及肿瘤分...     

宫颈环形电切及锥切术治疗子宫颈病变临床分析

目的探讨宫颈环形电切及锥切术（LEEP）在宫颈上皮内瘤变（CIN）等宫颈病变诊疗中的应用价值。方法对我院以LEEP治疗CIN等宫颈病变69例,对比手术前后病理检查结果、并进行随访,统计其HPV感染情况。结果术前宫颈活检与术后病理检查结果符合率为76．8％（53／69）。LEEP可以一次性治疗CINⅠ和反复宫颈炎病例,在41例CINⅡ和Ⅲ病例中有2例复发。HPV感染率在CIN中70．0％（42／60）,反复宫颈炎患者中44．4％（4／9）。结论LEEP治疗CIN等宫颈病变手术操作简便,术后恢复好、复发率低,是可以推广的较为理想的诊断及治疗措施。     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.     

Detection of EBV and HHV6 in the Brain Tissue of Patients with Rasmussen’s Encephalitis

Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE) is a rare pediatric neurological disorder, and the exact etiology is not clear. Viral infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of RE, but conflicting results have reported. In this study, we evaluated the expression of both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus (HHV) 6 antigens in brain sections from 30 patients with RE and 16 control individuals by immunohistochemistry. In the RE group, EBV and HHV6 antigens were detected in 56.7% (17/30) and 50% (15/30) of individuals, respectively. In contrast, no detectable EBV and HHV6 antigen expression was found in brain tissues of the control group. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in 20.0% (6/30) of individuals. In particular, a 4-year-old boy had a typical clinical course, including a medical history of viral encephalitis, intractable epilepsy, and hemispheric atrophy. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in neurons and astrocytes in the brain tissue, accompanied by a high frequency of CD8⁺ T cells. Our results suggest that EBV and HHV6 infection and the activation of CD8⁺ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RE.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.