鞭打绣球中的苯丙素甙和环烯醚萜甙

从鞭打绣球（ＨｅｍｉｐｈｒａｇｍａｈｅｔｅｒｏｐｈｙｌｌｕｍＷａｌｌ．）（玄参科）的全草中分离到２个新的苯丙素甙,命名为鞭打绣球甙Ａ和Ｂ（ｈｅｍｉｐｈｒｏｓｉｄｅＡａｎｄＢ）,２个已知的苯丙素甙,ｐｌａｎｔａｍａｊｏｓｉｄｅ和ｐｌａｎｔａｉｎｏｓｉｄｅＤ,以及３个已知的环烯醚萜甙,ｇｌｏｂｕｌａｒｉｃｉｓｉｎ,ｇｌｏｂｕｌａｒｉｎ和ｉｓｏ－ｓｃｒｏｐｈｕｌａｒｉｏｓｉｄｅ．通过化学和光谱分析,鞭打绣球甙Ａ和Ｂ的结构分别鉴定为２－（３－羟基－４－甲氧基苯基）乙基０－β－Ｄ－葡萄吡喃糖基（１→３）－４－Ｏ－反式阿魏醚基－β－Ｄ－葡萄吡喃糖试和２－（３,４－二羟基苯基）乙基Ｏ－［６－Ｏ－乙醚基－β－Ｄ－葡萄吡喃糖基（１→３）］－４－Ｏ－反式咖啡醚基－β－Ｄ－葡萄吡喃糖甙．     

蜘蛛抱蛋根茎中的甾体皂甙

从蜘蛛抱蛋（ＡｓｐｉｄｉｓｔｒａｅｌａｔｉｏｒＢｌ．）根茎的甲醇提取物中分离得两个甾体皂甙。经波谱解析及化学降解证明其化学结构分别为薯芋皂甙元一３一Ｏ－［Ｂ－Ｄ－葡萄吡喃糖基（１→２）］－［Ｂ－Ｄ－木吡喃糖基（１→３）］－Ｂ－Ｄ－葡萄吡喃糖基（１→４）－Ｂ－Ｄ一半乳吡喃糖甙（即蜘蛛抱蛋甙ａｓｐｉｄｉｓｔｒｉｎ）及新静诺特皂甙元－３－Ｏ－［Ｂ－Ｄ－葡萄吡喃糖基（１→２）］～［Ｂ－Ｄ－木吡喃糖基（１→３）－Ｂ－Ｄ－葡萄吡喃糖基（１→４）一Ｂ－Ｄ－半乳吡喃糖甙,后者为一新试,命名为新蜘蛛抱蛋甙ｒｅｏａｓｐｉｄｉｓｔｒｉｎ。     

滇重楼地上部分的配糖体

从滇重楼ＰａｒｉｓｐｏｌｙｐｈｙｌｌａＳｍ．ｖａｒ．ｙｕｎｎａｎｅｎｓｉｓ（Ｆｒ．）Ｈ－Ｍ,地上部分,分离出４个微量的配糖体,经光谱分析和化学降解证明其化学结构分别为２５Ｓ－异钮替皂甙元－３－Ｏ－α－Ｌ－鼠李吡喃糖基（１→２）［α－Ｌ－鼠李吡喃糖基（１→４）］－β－Ｄ－葡萄吡喃甙（Ａ）,２６－β－Ｄ－葡萄吡喃糖基－纽替皂甙元－３－Ｏ－α－Ｌ－鼠李吡喃糖基（１→２）［α－Ｌ－鼠李吡喃糖基（１→４）－β－Ｄ－葡萄吡喃糖甙（Ｂ）,山奈酚－３－Ｏ－β－Ｄ－葡萄吡喃糖基（１→６）－β－Ｄ－葡萄吡喃甙（Ｃ）,７－Ｏ－α－Ｌ－鼠李吡喃糖基－山奈酚－３－Ｏ－β－Ｄ－葡萄吡喃糖基（１→６）－β－Ｄ－葡萄糖甙（Ｄ）。     

怒茶素--怒江山茶的一个新黄酮甙

用葡聚糖凝胶和树脂层析技术从云南省昆明地区产怒江山茶（Ｃａｍｅｌｌｉａ ｓａｌｕｅｎｅｎｓｉｓ Ｓｔａｐｆ ｅｘ Ｂｅａｎ）的鲜叶中分离到１１个酚类化合物,其中１０个分别鉴定为已知的槲皮素类黄酮化合物及原花色素类化合物。另１个为新的黄酮甙,经光谱与化学方法测定,其化学结构为槲皮素－３－Ｏ－β－Ｄ－木吡喃糖基（１→２）－α－Ｌ－鼠李吡喃糖基（１→６）－β－Ｄ－葡萄吡喃糖甙,命名为怒茶素。     

滇黄芩中五个新的黄酮类配糖体

从滇黄芩（Ｓｃｕｔｅｌｌａｒｉａ ａｍｏｅｎａ）根中分离到５个新的黄酮类配糖体。命名为滇黄芩甙甲－戊（ａｍｏｅｎｉｎｓＡ－Ｅ）。经光谱分析,化学结构分别证明为：２’,４’,６’－三羟基二氢查耳酮４’－「Ｏ－β－Ｄ－半乳吡喃糖基（１→２）」－Ｏ－β－Ｄ－葡萄吡喃糖甙,５,７,２’－三羟基－６－甲氧基二氢黄酮７－Ｏ－β－Ｄ－葡萄吡喃糖醛酸甙,（顺式）－５,７,２’－三羟基二氢黄酮醇３－Ｏ－β－Ｄ－葡萄     

滇重楼地上部分的两个微量皂甙

从滇重楼地上部分中分离出两个新的微量的甾体皂甙ＰｏｌｙｐｈｙｌｌｏｓｉｄｅⅢ和Ⅳ,根据化学降解和光谱分析,它们的化学结构分别为２７－羟基－偏诺皂皂甙元－３－Ｏ［ａ－Ｌ－鼠李吡喃糖基（１→２）］［ａ－Ｌ－鼠李吡喃糖基（１→４－ａ－Ｌ鼠李吡喃糖基（１→４）］－β－Ｄ－葡萄吡喃糖甙,２３β,２７－二羟基－偏皂甙元－３－Ｏ－［ａ－鼠李吡喃糖（１→２）］     

闭鞘姜根中的甾体皂甙

从闭鞘姜「Ｃｏｓｔｕｓ ｓｐｅｃｉｏｓｕｓ（Ｋｏｅｎｉｇ）Ｓｍｉｔｈ」根茎中分离出五个化合物。经波谱解析和化学降解,证明其化学结构分别为胡萝卜甙（Ａ）：薯芋皂甙元３－Ｏ－ａ－Ｌ鼠李吡喃糖基（１－２）－β－Ｄ－葡萄吡喃糖甙（Ｂ）;薯芋皂甙元３－Ｏ－ａ－Ｌ－鼠李吡喃糖基（１－２）「ａ－Ｌ－鼠李吡喃糖基（１－４）」β－Ｄ葡萄吡喃糖甙（Ｃ）;薯芋皂甙元－３－Ｏ－ａ－Ｌ－鼠李吡喃糖基（１－２）「β－Ｄ－葡萄     

圆穗蓼中的新黄酮甙成分

从圆穗蓼（Ｐｏｌｙｇｏｎｕｍ ｓｐｈａｅｒｏｓｔａｃｈｙｕｍ Ｍｅｉｓｎ．）中分离得到２个新黄酮甙,经光谱分析和化学方法鉴定为：３＇－羟基－５,４＇－二甲氧基－６,７－二氧亚甲基黄酮－３－Ｏ－「β－Ｄ－吡喃木糖基（１→６）」－β－Ｄ－吡喃葡萄糖甙⑴和５,４＇－二甲氧基－３＇－异丙烯基乙酰基－６,７－二氧亚甲基黄酮－３－Ｏ－「β－Ｄ－吡喃木糖基（１→６）－β－Ｄ－吡喃葡萄糖甙⑵,分别命名为圆穗蓼素Ａ     

慈溪麦冬甙A和B的结构

从浙江慈溪产中药麦冬（Ｏｐｈｉｏｐｏｇｏｎ ｊａｐｏｎｉｃｕｍ）中分离得到２个新的Ｃ２７甾体甙－－慈溪麦冬甙Ａ（２）和Ｂ（３）以及已知甙ｏｐｈｉｏｇｅｎｉｎ３－氧－α－Ｌ－鼠李糖吡喃基（１→２）「β－Ｄ－木糖吡喃基（１→３）」－β－Ｄ－葡萄糖吡喃甙（２）和ｏｐｈｉｏｇｅｎｉｎ ３－氧－α－Ｌ－鼠李糖吡喃基（１→２）「β－Ｄ－木糖吡喃基（１→３）」「β－Ｄ－葡萄糖吡喃基（１→４）」－β－Ｄ－葡萄糖吡     

单条草的皂甙成分

从单条草（ＬｙｓｉｍａｃｈｉａｃａｎｄｉｄａＬｉｎｄｌ）全草中分离出３个皂甙类化合物,经波谱分析并结合化学方法鉴定为：报春花素Ａ３ＯβＤ吡喃木糖基（１→２）βＤ吡喃葡萄糖基（１→４）［βＤ吡喃葡萄糖基（１→２）］αＬ吡喃阿拉伯糖甙（１）、原报春花素Ａ３ＯβＤ吡喃木糖基（１→２）βＤ吡喃葡萄糖基（１→４）［βＤ吡喃葡萄糖基（１→２）］αＬ吡喃阿拉伯糖甙（ｌｙｓｉｋｏｉａｎｏｓｉｄｅ,２）和α菠甾醇葡萄糖甙（３）。其中１是新化合物,命名为单条草甙（ｃａｎｄｉｄｏｓｉｄｅ）。     

Four new minor spirostanol glycosides from Helleborus thibetanus

Four new minor spirostanol glycosides (1–4) were isolated from the dried roots and rhizomes of Helleborus thibetanus. Structures of the compounds were established by means of a combination of 1D and 2D NMR experiments, together with HRESIMS and IR measurements as well as the results of acid hydrolysis. The spirostanol glycosides with both a double bond at C-25 and glycosidation at 1-OH have seldom been reported.     

The Glyxosides from Curculigo orchiodes

Seven compounds have been isolaed from the roots of Curculigo orchioides. On the basis of spectral analysis,their structures were elucidated as 2,6-dimethoxy benzoic acid (A),orcinol glucopyranoside(B),curculigine A(C),curculigoside(D),24s,3β,11α,16,24-tetrahyaroxycycloartenol-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside(E),24s,3β,11a,16β,24-tetrahydroxycycloartenol-3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside(F) and dancosterol(G). Saponin F is a new tritepenoid compound.     

Chemical constituent and chemotaxonomic study on the root of Anemone vitifolia Buch.-Ham

Thirty-four reported compounds were obtained from Anemone vitifolia Buch.-Ham., and were identified as triterpenoid saponins (1–28), flavonoid glycosides (29–32) and steroidal saponins (33–34). The structure of these compounds was determined by physicochemical constants and spectral analyses (NMR, MS, IR). Twelve compounds (7, 8, 10, 14, 20, 21, 23, 26–28, 30 and 32) were firstly identified in genus Anemone. Compounds 2, 4 and 14 can be considered as characteristic components of A. vitifolia. Finally, the chemotaxonomic significance of these compounds is discussed.     

Triterpenoid saponins from Fatsia japonica

Five triterpenoid saponins isolated from the flowers, the mature fruits and the leaves of Fatsia japonica were identified as 3-O-[β-d-glucopyranosyl(1→4)-β-d-glucopyranosyl]-hederagenin (1), 3-O-[β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-α-l-arabinopyranosyl]-oleanolic acid (2), 3-O-[α-l-arabinopyranosyl]-hederagenin (3), 3-O-[β-d-glucopyranosyl]-hederagenin (4) and 3-O-[β-d-glucopyranosyl(1→4)-α-l-arabinopyranosyl]-hederagenin (5). The saponins 1 and 2 are new, naturally occurring, triterpenoid saponins. The distribution of the five saponins in three parts of the plant was investigated. Saponins 2, 3 and 5 were present in the flowers, saponins 1, 3, 4 and 5 were in the mature fruits and saponins 2, 3, 4 and 5 were in the leaves.     

柴胡属植物皂苷成分研究进展

本文报道了1989年以来柴胡属植物皂苷成分的研究进展。     

风轮菜属植物皂苷成分研究进展

风轮菜属植物多为民间药用植物,皂苷类化合物为该属植物的主要活性成分,本文报道自1990年以来风轮菜属植物皂苷成分的研究进展。     

Steroidal saponins from the aerial parts of Tribulus alatus Del

Six steroidal glycosides (1-6) were isolated from the aerial parts of Tribulus alatus Del. (Zygophyllaceae), together with one known cholestane, one spirostane, and six flavonol glycosides. Among them, 1 and 2 possess a furostane-type aglycone, 3 and 6 a cholestane structure, and 4 and 5 a spirostane skeleton. Their structural elucidation was accomplished by extensive spectroscopic methods including 1D ((1)H, (13)C, (13)C DEPT, TOCSY, ROESY) and 2D NMR experiments (DQF-COSY, HSQC, HMBC) as well as ESI-MS analysis.     

Saponins in Tribulus terrestris – Chemistry and Bioactivity

Tribulus terrestris is a valuable herb known for its application in the folk medicine in many parts of the world. Furostanol and spirostanol saponins of tigogenin, neotigogenin, gitogenin, neogitogenin, hecogenin, neohecogenin, diosgenin, chlorogenin, ruscogenin and sarsasapogenin type are frequently found in this plant. Four sulphated saponins of tigogenin and diosgenin type are also isolated. Extracts and steroidal saponins have been found to possess various pharmacological activities. Preparations based on the saponin fraction of T. terrestris are used for treatment of infertility and libido disorders in men and women, as well as for treatment of cardiac diseases. Food supplements containing T. terrestris extracts are on sale in USA and Europe with claim of a general stimulating action. In this review the steroidal saponins found in T. terrestris are presented, covering the literature up to 2004. The data reveal clear difference in the saponin composition of samples from this plant species collected from different geographical regions. A comprehensive account on the biological activity of extracts and individual saponins is also included.     

皂甙研究新进展

本文从下面4个方面总结了近几年来有关皂甙的一些研究进展:1)皂甙的分离鉴定方法;2)生物活性研究;3)合成研究;4)应用前景。