TOFA对人食管鳞癌Eca109和KYSE-450细胞生长的影响*

目的: 探讨5-十四烷氧基-2-呋喃酸(TOFA)对人食管鳞癌(ESCC)细胞Eca109和KYSE-450细胞增殖、周期和凋亡的影响。方法: 将Eca-109细胞和KYSE-450细胞分为对照组(DMSO)和实验组(TOFA),细胞(4×10³ cells/100 μl)接种于96孔板中,每个浓度设置5个复孔,培养24 h后,给予DMSO(对照)和不同浓度(1、3、5、10 μg/ml)TOFA处理,继续培养24、48和72 h;MTT检测细胞增殖,流式细胞术检测细胞周期和凋亡,Western blot检测p21、Cleaved caspase-3表达水平及p-AKT、p-mTOR、p-4EBP1修饰水平,专用试剂盒检测细胞内游离脂肪酸。结果: 与DMSO组比较,TOFA以浓度和时间依赖性方式抑制Eca109和KYSE-450细胞增殖(P均<0.05),处理48 h的IC₅₀分别为4.65和3.93 μg / ml;实验组细胞G2 / M 期细胞百分比增加,细胞凋亡率增高,p21、Cleaved caspase-3蛋白表达水平上调(P均<0.05),p-AKT、p-mTOR、p-4EBP1修饰水平下调(P均<0.05)。结论: TOFA抑制人食管鳞癌细胞增殖、阻滞细胞周期并促进细胞凋亡,其机制可能与其抑制AKT/mTOR/4EBP1信号通路有关。     

SmacN7诱导乳腺癌细胞MDA-MB-157凋亡的作用及其机制*

目的:探讨SmacN7对乳腺癌细胞MDA-MB-157凋亡的作用及机制。方法:将0-20 μmol/L的SmacN7应用于乳腺癌细胞MDA-MB-157,用MTS法检测细胞增殖活性,流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡、细胞周期,hoechst33342染色观察细胞核型变化,JC-1染色检测线粒体膜电位,LDH释放实验检测药物细胞毒性,qPCR检测各基因转录水平,并通过抑瘤实验证实该药抑制乳腺癌增殖的作用。结果:应用SmacN7后,乳腺癌细胞MDA-MB-157增殖抑制率和细胞凋亡率均增加(P＜0.01),核型发生显著变化,细胞线粒体膜电位降低,LDH释放量增加,并上调TRAIL、DR4、DR5、p53、PARP-1、Bax、Bid、BAK、caspase-3、caspase-8、caspase-9基因的转录水平(P＜0.01),下调 Ras、PI3K、AKT、mTOR、Bcl2、Bcl-xL、MCL-1、Survivin、cIAP-1、cIAP-2基因的转录水平(P＜0.01)。结论:SmacN7可通过TRAIL介导的死亡受体途径和线粒体介导的内源性凋亡途径诱导乳腺癌细胞MDA-MB-157凋亡,发挥抗乳腺癌的作用。     

长链非编码RNA Linc00673过表达对胃癌MGC-803细胞增殖与凋亡的影响*

目的: 探讨长链非编码RNA Linc00673过表达对胃癌细胞增殖和凋亡的影响及其机制。方法: 将重组慢病毒表达质粒pLVX-Linc00673和对照空载体质粒pLVX-NC在293T细胞中进行慢病毒包装与扩增,将重组慢病毒转染胃癌细胞MGC-803建立稳定过表达 Linc00673的细胞系,实时荧光定量PCR方法检测Linc00673基因的表达; MTT实验和克隆形成实验观察细胞的生长增殖;流式细胞术检测细胞周期和细胞凋亡;qPCR检测细胞周期相关调控基因表达;免疫印迹法检测PI3K/Akt信号通路关键分子及肿瘤增殖相关蛋白的表达。结果: Linc00673在胃癌细胞系MGC-803、BGC-823和AGS中的表达量显著高于正常胃粘膜细胞GES-1(P＜0.05)。建立了稳定过表达Linc00673的MGC-803细胞系,Linc00673的表达量比对照空载体组高200倍。Linc00673过表达促进MGC-803细胞增殖和克隆形成(P＜0.05),抑制细胞凋亡并影响细胞周期G1→S期进程(P＜0.01);Linc00673过表达可影响MGC-803细胞周期调节基因CCNG2、p19和CDK1的表达;免疫印迹结果显示,Linc00673过表达不仅促进PI3K/Akt信号通路关键分子pAKT及其下游靶点NF-κB和Bcl-2蛋白的表达,而且上调肿瘤相关因子β-catenin和EZH2蛋白的表达。结论: Linc00673过表达可能通过PI3K/Akt信号通路促进MGC-803细胞增殖、抑制凋亡。     

紫草素对肝癌细胞SMMC-7721凋亡的影响及其机制

目的: 探讨紫草素对肝癌SMMC-772细胞的作用及分子机制。方法: SMMC-7721细胞分别经0、5、20、80、320 ng/ml的紫草素作用0 h、24 h、48 h和72 h后,适时采用CCK8法观察该细胞增殖的活性,hoechst染色分析细胞的核型变化,流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡水平,Western blot证实细胞内蛋白表达水平的改变,通过小鼠体内实验观察该药的抑瘤作用。结果: 本研究体外实验发现紫草素可显著抑制SMMC-7721细胞的增殖活性并诱导其凋亡(P＜0.01),上调基因p53的表达,并抑制AKT、PI3K蛋白的磷酸化,体内实验也证实紫草素可显著抑制荷瘤小鼠肿瘤的生长(P＜0.01),作用效果随用药剂量和时间的增加而增加。结论: 紫草素可通过影响PI3K/AKT信号通路抑制SMMC-7721细胞的增殖,且诱导其凋亡,具有潜在的抗肝癌作用。     

四逆散对人肝癌HepG2细胞增殖、凋亡的影响及其机制*

目的: 探讨含四逆散药液血清对人肝癌HepG2细胞增殖、凋亡的影响及机制。方法: 将人肝癌HepG2细胞分为5组,每组3个复孔。实验组细胞用五氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)或不同浓度的含四逆散药液血清处理48 h后,用倒置显微镜观察含四逆散药液血清处理后人肝癌HepG2细胞形态的变化;MTT法检测含四逆散药液血清对HepG2细胞生长的抑制作用;荧光染色和流式细胞术分别分析含四逆散药液血清对HepG2细胞凋亡的影响。Rho123染色法检测线粒体膜电位变化,Western blot检测细胞凋亡相关蛋白的表达。结果: 与对照组比较,含四逆散药液血清处理人肝癌HepG2细胞后,细胞数量显著减少(P＜0.01),形态发生改变,呈现典型的凋亡细胞形态;G1期细胞数明显增加,而G2 期细胞数量显著减少(P＜0.05);Bax、Caspase-3、-9和Cyt-c的表达显著升高,而Bcl-2的表达显著降低(P＜0.05);随着含四逆散药液血清浓度增大,HepG2细胞线粒体膜电位显著下降(P＜0.05)。结论: 四逆散可以抑制HepG2细胞增殖,并通过线粒体途径诱导细胞凋亡。     

桦木酸对胃癌SGC-7901细胞凋亡的影响*

目的: 以人胃癌SGC-7901细胞为研究对象,探究桦木酸对其凋亡的影响。方法: 将人胃癌SGC-7901细胞分为4组,每组设置3个复孔,对照组未加入桦木酸,而三组实验组分别加入浓度为10 mg/L、20 mg/L及30 mg/L的桦木酸,将各组细胞放入5%的CO₂培养箱中培养48 h,激光共聚焦显微镜观察细胞形态变化;流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡率和线粒体膜电位变化;qRT-PCR和Western blot分别检测SGC-7901细胞凋亡相关基因Bcl-2、Bax和Caspase-3在mRNA和蛋白水平的表达。结果: 与对照组相比,终浓度为10 mg/L、20 mg/L、30 mg/L的桦木酸处理组,细胞发生皱缩、细胞核裂解并出现凋亡小体;细胞早期凋亡与晚期凋亡率显著增加(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),线粒体膜电位明显降低(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01);细胞凋亡相关基因Bax和Caspase-3的mRNA与蛋白表达水平均显著上升(P＜0.01),而Bcl-2的mRNA与蛋白表达水平显著降低(P＜0.01)。结论: 在一定浓度范围内,桦木酸通过调节凋亡相关基因Bcl-2、Bax和Caspase-3的表达诱导人胃癌SGC-7901细胞凋亡。     

甘草次酸对大肠癌LoVo细胞增殖和侵袭的影响*

目的: 研究不同浓度的甘草次酸对大肠癌LoVo细胞增殖和侵袭的影响。方法: 将大肠癌LoVo细胞分为对照组,甘草次酸低、中、高剂量组(甘草次酸浓度分别为50, 100, 200 μmol/L)和5氟尿嘧啶组(5氟尿嘧啶浓度为100 μmol/L ),各组细胞经过药物孵育24和48 h后进行检测。通过四氮唑蓝试验检测甘草次酸对各组细胞增殖率的影响;通过Annexin V/PI双标流式细胞术检测各组细胞的凋亡率;Transwell 小室法检测各组细胞的侵袭能力;通过蛋白质印迹法检测检各组细胞的NF-κB蛋白表达。结果: 与对照组相比,甘草次酸中、高剂量组和5氟尿嘧啶组中细胞抑制率均显著降低(P＜0.05);甘草次酸中、高剂量组和5氟尿嘧啶组中细胞凋亡率均显著升高(P＜0.05);甘草次酸中、高剂量组和5氟尿嘧啶组中大肠癌LoVo 细胞侵袭能力显著降低(P＜ 0.05);甘草次酸中、高剂量组和5氟尿嘧啶组中NF-κB相对表达量均显著降低(P＜0.05)。结论: 浓度为100 μmol/L和200 μmol/L甘草次酸可以抑制大肠癌LoVo细胞的增殖,降低侵袭能力,这些作用的机制与抑制NF-κB蛋白的表达有关。     

甘草次酸抑制骨肉瘤细胞MG63增殖的NF-κB信号通路机制*

目的: 探讨甘草次酸抑制骨肉瘤细胞MG63增殖的机制。方法: 实验应用骨肉瘤细胞MG63作为研究对象,分5组。空白组、甘草次数组(50 μmol/L、100 μmol/L和200 μmol/L)、阳性对照组。每组6个复孔。空白组为不含有甘草次酸的DMEM的培养基,甘草次酸组分别加入50 μmol/L、100 μmol/L和200 μmol/L的甘草次酸,阳性对照组加入白藜芦醇(40 μmol/L)。将细胞接种于培养瓶内,当细胞进入生长平台期后使用0.1%的胰酶消化并按1×10⁶ cells/ml的密度接种于96孔板中,继续培养24 h。采用甲基四氮唑蓝检测细胞的增长率,Annexin V / PI双标记流式细胞术检测骨肉瘤细胞MG63的凋亡,蛋白质印迹法检测NF-κB蛋白的表达。结果: 与空白对照组相比,甘草次酸孵育24 h后,各组的骨肉瘤细胞G63增殖率明显降低 (P＜0.05)、凋亡细胞比例明显升高(P＜0.05);甘草次酸孵育48 h后,骨肉瘤细胞G63增殖率和NF-κB蛋白的相对表达量均明显降低(P＜0.05)、凋亡细胞比例明显升高(P＜0.05)。与阳性对照组比较,甘草次酸孵育24 h后,50 μmol/L甘草次酸组的细胞增殖率显著增高、100 μmol/L和200 μmol/L甘草次酸组的骨肉瘤细胞的增殖率显著降低(P＜0.05),甘草次酸孵育48 h后,50 μmol/L组和100 μmol/L组骨肉瘤细胞的增殖率显著升高,而200 μmol/组显著降低(P＜0.05);甘草次酸孵育24 h后,50 μmol/L、100 μmol/L和200 μmol/L组的骨肉瘤细胞的凋亡率均显著降低 (P＜0.05);而甘草次酸孵育48 h后,50 μmol/L、100 μmol/L组的骨肉瘤细胞的凋亡率也显著降低,而200 μmol/L组的凋亡率则显著升高。各剂量组间比较,200 μmol/L甘草次酸组的效果最佳,差异有显著性(P＜0.05);孵育48 h后,200 μmol/L甘草次酸组的效果无论在骨肉瘤细胞的增殖率还是凋亡比例其效果均优于阳性对照组(P＜0.05)。结论: 甘草次酸对骨肉瘤细胞G63增殖有抑制作用,其机制可能通过影响NF-κB信号通路,达到抑制骨肉瘤细胞MG63 增殖的作用。     

长链非编码RNA MALAT1对弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤增殖、凋亡的影响

为了探讨长链非编码RNA MALAT1在弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤(diffuse large B cell lymphoma,DLBCL)疾病中的作用及可能的分子机制,该研究在体外培养DLBCL细胞系SU-DHL-1和SU-DHL-4,并过表达或敲低MALAT1,应用实时荧光定量PCR实验分析各组细胞中MALAT1的表达水平,用CCK-8实验和BrdU掺入实验分析细胞增殖活性,用Annexin V/PI双标记实验检测细胞凋亡水平,用蛋白质免疫印记实验分析β-catenin信号通路的活性调控。结果发现,与Control组相比过表达MALAT1,DLBCL细胞中MALAT1的表达显著提高(P0.001),细胞增殖活性显著升高(P0.05),BrdU阳性细胞比例显著升高(P0.01)。与转染对照siRNA组细胞相比,转染MALAT1 siRNA组细胞MALAT1表达水平显著下降(P0.01),细胞增殖活性显著下降(P0.01),BrdU阳性细胞比例显著下降(P0.001),细胞晚期凋亡比例显著升高(P0.001)。蛋白质免疫印记结果显示,过表达MALAT1促进了GSK3β的磷酸化及β-catenin的活化,而敲低MALAT1则降低了GSK3β的磷酸化及β-catenin的活化。这些实验数据表明,MALAT1可促进DLBCL细胞的增殖,抑制细胞凋亡,影响细胞β-catenin信号通路的活化。     

不同浓度桦木酸对人胃癌MGC-803细胞凋亡的影响

目的: 以人胃癌MCG-803细胞为实验材料,探讨不同浓度桦木酸(BA)对人胃癌MGC-803细胞凋亡的影响,为其临床应用提供依据。方法: 将人胃癌MGC-803细胞分成 4 组,每组设置 3 个复孔,对照组为未加入桦木酸的 MGC-803 细胞,3 组实验组分别加入终浓度为10、20、30 μg/ml桦木酸处理细胞48 h后,通过激光共聚焦显微镜观察各组细胞形态变化;检测桦木酸对细胞Caspase-3和Caspase-9活性的影响;利用流式细胞术检测细胞线粒体膜电位变化;qRT-PCR和Western blot检测凋亡相关基因Caspase-3、Caspase-9和Cytochrome C(Cyt c)mRNA及蛋白水平的表达变化。结果: 与对照组比较, 各处理组Caspase-3和Caspase-9活性显著升高(P＜0.01),线粒体膜电位显著下降(P＜0.01),Caspase-3、Caspase-9和Cyt c mRNA及蛋白表达均显著上调(P＜0.01)。结论: 在终浓度为10 ~30 μg/ml浓度范围内,桦木酸通过调节Caspase-3、Caspase-9和Cyt c的表达诱导人胃癌MGC-803细胞凋亡。     

In vitro assessment of the toxicity of metal compounds

A review of the activity of metal compounds in mammalian cell transformation assays has been completed. Results from these assays appear to correlate well with the known carcinogenic activity displayed by specific metal compounds in vivo. Studies of cell transformation in vitro may provide information pertaining to the mechanism of the induction of carcinogenesis by certain metals.     

Comparison of glioma stem cells to neural stem cells from the adult human brain identifies dysregulated Wnt- signaling and a fingerprint associated with clinical outcome

Glioblastoma is the most common brain tumor. Median survival in unselected patients is <10 months. The tumor harbors stem-like cells that self-renew and propagate upon serial transplantation in mice, although the clinical relevance of these cells has not been well documented. We have performed the first genome-wide analysis that directly relates the gene expression profile of nine enriched populations of glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) to five identically isolated and cultivated populations of stem cells from the normal adult human brain. Although the two cell types share common stem- and lineage-related markers, GSCs show a more heterogeneous gene expression. We identified a number of pathways that are dysregulated in GSCs. A subset of these pathways has previously been identified in leukemic stem cells, suggesting that cancer stem cells of different origin may have common features. Genes upregulated in GSCs were also highly expressed in embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells. We found that canonical Wnt-signaling plays an important role in GSCs, but not in adult human neural stem cells. As well we identified a 30-gene signature highly overexpressed in GSCs. The expression of these signature genes correlates with clinical outcome and demonstrates the clinical relevance of GSCs.     

Lactobacillus acidophilus contributes to a healthy environment for vaginal epithelial cells

Lactobacillus species in the female genital tract are thought to act as a barrier to infection. Several studies have demonstrated that lactobacilli can adhere to vaginal epithelial cells. However, little is known about how the adherence of lactobacilli to vaginal epithelial cells affects the acidity, cell viability, or proliferation of the lactobacilli themselves or those of vaginal epithelial cells. Lactobacillus acidophilus was co-cultured with immortalized human vaginal epithelial cells (MS74 cell line), and the growth of L. acidophilus and the acidity of the culture medium were measured. MS74 cell density and viability were also assessed by counting cell numbers and observing the cell attachment state. L. acidophilus showed exponential growth for the first 6 hr until 9 hr, and the pH was maintained close to 4.0-5.0 at 24 hr after culture, consistent with previous studies. The growth curve of L. acidophilus or the pH values were relatively unaffected by co-culture with MS74 cells, confirming that L. acidophilus maintains a low pH in the presence of MS74 cells. This co-culture model could therefore potentially be used to mimic vaginal conditions for future in vitro studies. On the other hand, MS74 cells co-cultured with L. acidophilus more firmly attached to the culture plate, and a higher number of cells were present compared to cells cultured in the absence of L. acidophilus. These results indicate that L. acidophilus increases MS74 cell proliferation and viability, suggesting that lactobacilli may contribute to the healthy environment for vaginal epithelial cells.     

Efficient Single Muscle Fiber Isolation from Alcohol-Fixed Adult Muscle following ��-Galactosidase Staining for Satellite Cell Detection

Staining for β-galactosidase activity for whole tissues, sections, and cells is a common method to detect expression of β-galactosidase reporter transgene as well as senescence-dependent β-galactosidase activity. Choice of fixatives is a critical step for detection of β-galactosidase activity, subsequent immunostaining, and enzymatic digestion of tissue to dissociate cells. In this report, the authors examined several aldehyde and alcohol fixatives in mouse skeletal muscle tissues for their efficiency at improving detection of β-galactosidase activity as well as detection by immunostaining. In addition, fixatives were also analyzed for their efficiency for collagenase digestion to isolate single muscle fibers on postfixed β-galactosidase-stained whole skeletal muscle tissues. The results show that fixing cells with isopropanol yields the greatest reliability and intensity in both β-galactosidase staining as well as double staining for β-galactosidase activity and antibodies. In addition, isopropanol and ethanol, but not glutaraldehyde or paraformaldehyde, allow for the isolation of single muscle fibers from the diaphragm and tibialis anterior muscles following postfixed β-galactosidase staining. Using this method, it is possible to identify the amount of cells that occupy the satellite cell compartment in single muscle fibers prepared from any muscle tissues, including tibialis anterior muscle and diaphragm.     

Continuous dielectrophoretic separation of cell mixtures

Use of stream-centered dielectrophoresis (1–4) produced continuous separations on three cell mixtures (1)Chlorella vulgaris withNetrium digitus, (2)Ankistrodesmus falcatus withStaurastrum gracile, and (3)Saccharomyces cerevisiae withNetrium digitus. Maximal separations were obtained for these mixtures of live cells at 100 kHz, 600 kHz, and 2.0 MHz, respectively. The technique was restricted to a frequency range of 0.01–32 MHz, and to suspensions of low conductivity in which microorganisms such as these algae and yeast are tolerant. Extension, however, to cellular organisms requiring higher osmolarity is readily feasible through the use of nonionic solutes such as sucrose, mannose, glycine, etc.     

Electrokinetic determinations of enzymatic susceptibilities of cell surface-associated RNA

Earlier investigations suggested, using electrokinetic evidence, that RNA is present at the surfaces of some types of cultured and freshly isolated cells. In this report, further investigations of the nature of cell surface RNA of cultured Ehrlich ascites (EAT) cells are reported. These experiments were carried out by determining the changes in electrophoretic mobility of EAT cells after treatment with several highly purified nucleases, neuraminidase, and hyaluronidase. The results suggested that cell surface RNA is located at surface sites separate from those susceptible to neuraminidase and hyaluronidase, that α and ω termini of RNA are absent from the electrokinetic surface, and that the RNA present at the cell surface might exist predominantly in a double-stranded form. A model is proposed in which cell surface RNA strand termini are buried out of the electrokinetic surface, but where RNA extends from these buried termini into the electrokinetic surface in loops.     

Over-expression of AtEXLA2 alters etiolated arabidopsis hypocotyl growth

Background and Aims Plant stature and shape are largely determined by cell elongation, a process that is strongly controlled at the level of the cell wall. This is associated with the presence of many cell wall proteins implicated in the elongation process. Several proteins and enzyme families have been suggested to be involved in the controlled weakening of the cell wall, and these include xyloglucan endotransglucosylases/hydrolases (XTHs), yieldins, lipid transfer proteins and expansins. Although expansins have been the subject of much research, the role and involvement of expansin-like genes/proteins remain mostly unclear. This study investigates the expression and function of AtEXLA2 (At4g38400), a member of the expansin-like A (EXLA) family in arabidposis, and considers its possible role in cell wall metabolism and growth.Methods Transgenic plants of Arabidopsis thaliana were grown, and lines over-expressing AtEXLA2 were identified. Plants were grown in the dark, on media containing growth hormones or precursors, or were gravistimulated. Hypocotyls were studied using transmission electron microscopy and extensiometry. Histochemical GUS (β-glucuronidase) stainings were performed.Key Results AtEXLA2 is one of the three EXLA members in arabidopsis. The protein lacks the typical domain responsible for expansin activity, but contains a presumed cellulose-interacting domain. Using promoter::GUS lines, the expression of AtEXLA2 was seen in germinating seedlings, hypocotyls, lateral root cap cells, columella cells and the central cylinder basally to the elongation zone of the root, and during different stages of lateral root development. Furthermore, promoter activity was detected in petioles, veins of leaves and filaments, and also in the peduncle of the flowers and in a zone just beneath the papillae. Over-expression of AtEXLA2 resulted in an increase of >10 % in the length of dark-grown hypocotyls and in slightly thicker walls in non-rapidly elongating etiolated hypocotyl cells. Biomechanical analysis by creep tests showed that AtEXLA2 over-expression may decrease the wall strength in arabidopsis hypocotyls.Conclusions It is concluded that AtEXLA2 may function as a positive regulator of cell elongation in the dark-grown hypocotyl of arabidopsis by possible interference with cellulose metabolism, deposition or its organization.     

昆虫Notch信号通路研究进展

Notch信号通路由Notch受体、Notch配体(DSL蛋白)、CSL［C promoter binding factor-1 (CBF1), Suppressor of hairless (Su(H)), Lag-1］转录因子、其他效应子和Notch调节分子构成,在动物组织的发育和器官的细胞命运决定中起着基础性的作用。从1917年在果蝇Drosophilia中被发现以来,基于昆虫Notch信号通路的研究一直十分活跃,证实了其在昆虫中主要行使胚胎及器官的发育调控、细胞增殖及细胞周期调控等作用。Notch基因位点的突变能够导致果蝇在胚胎期死亡,且翅发生缺失;Notch胞内域(intracellular domain of Notch, NICD)的表达会影响果蝇、蟑螂等昆虫卵巢卵泡细胞的发育;Delta可以介导昆虫体节形成以及神经系统正常发育;Su(H)以转录因子的形式发挥功能,主要影响昆虫细胞的细胞周期进程;Fringe在果蝇、家蚕Bombyx mori等昆虫的翅发育过程中起关键作用。此外Notch信号通路与Hippo信号通路、Wnt信号通路和EGFR信号通路等存在相互作用,表明其不作为一个单线形式而是复杂的网络结构参与昆虫的生命进程。近年来对Notch信号通路的研究已经从昆虫扩展到人类重大疾病、肿瘤医学和分子治疗中。鉴于Notch信号通路的高度保守性,昆虫Notch信号通路的研究成果不仅对昆虫发育机制的解析起着关键作用,还可为其他动物的研究乃至人类疾病的研究提供重要的参考和新思路。     

基于转录组测序分析甜菜夜蛾卵巢细胞离体培养成系进程

【目的】本研究旨在分析甜菜夜蛾Spodoptera exigua蛹卵巢细胞建立细胞系的整个过程,探究细胞由体内到体外培养过程中其基因表达在转录水平的变化,为昆虫体外培养模型的建立提供理论基础。【方法】利用Illumina Hiseq测序平台对甜菜夜蛾蛹卵巢细胞离体培养过程中各阶段的细胞分别进行转录组测序,对获得注释的差异表达基因及其相关信号通路进行分析;通过荧光定量PCR对部分细胞周期相关基因(cycd和cdk4)、调控基因(cdc20,apc1,skp2和mad1)、增殖相关分子标志物(mcm4和pcna)在甜菜夜蛾卵巢细胞离体培养过程中的转录进行验证。【结果】甜菜夜蛾蛹卵巢细胞离体培养过程包括5个阶段:解剖获得离体的卵巢组织,卵巢组织贴壁培养后游离出原代细胞,细胞转化重新具备增殖能力,成功首次传代,以及能够连续传代15代以上建立细胞系。上述5个阶段的细胞经转录组测序、数据组装后共获得46 796条unigenes序列,组装得到序列长度完整性好;转录本unigenes序列拼接长度分布合理,样本碱基Q30均在94%以上。通过KEGG数据库获得注释的unigenes有1 473条,参与细胞过程紧密相关的20条信号通路,其中有92条unigenes在细胞周期信号通路中获得注释。聚类分析表明,在体内处于快速发育状态的卵巢细胞与同样处于增殖状态的细胞系基因表达模式非常接近。原代细胞由短暂停滞生长至成簇细胞的转化关键期,筛选到差异表达基因619个,cdk4在离体培养期表达量显著降低,cycd在细胞转化关键期之后表达量显著升高,cdc20,apc1,skp2和mad1在卵巢组织和细胞系的表达量显著高于原代细胞、转化关键期细胞和首次传代细胞的。从原代细胞至传代后,cycd的表达显著升高8.7倍,显著高于mcm4和pcna的变化水平。【结论】甜菜夜蛾卵巢细胞离体培养过程中5个阶段的细胞转录组测序获得的序列质量符合数据分析的基本要求。筛选获得了甜菜夜蛾蛹卵巢细胞经离体培养过程中的差异表达基因。原代细胞逆转增殖可能与cdk4,cycd,skp2和mad1等细胞周期调控基因表达有关。另外,cycd可作为原代细胞具备传代能力的标志物。