龙眼DCL家族基因的启动子分析及时空表达

为了解龙眼DCL基因的功能,该试验对龙眼基因组数据提取的DlDCL1、DlDCL2、DlDCL3和DlDCL4基因序列进行启动子顺式作用元件及其受miRNA调控的分析;并以龙眼胚性愈伤组织为材料,研究了DlDCLs不同基因成员在非生物胁迫和外源激素处理下的表达情况。结果显示:(1)龙眼DCL基因启动子中除了TATA和CAAT外,还具有大量的光反应元件、激素应答元件、胁迫响应元件、组织特异性调控元件及植物生长发育相关的顺式调控元件,提示龙眼DCL基因启动子转录活性可能受到光、激素信号及逆境胁迫因素的诱导。(2)对调控龙眼DCL基因的miRNA进行筛选,结果显示DlDCL1受miR162和miR1024调控,DlDCL4受miR390和miR396调控。(3)实时荧光定量PCR显示,在一定浓度范围内,外源激素GA3、ABA和ETH均能下调DlDCLs基因的表达,而高浓度ETH处理则显著上调DlDCLs的表达。(4)高浓度蔗糖(6%)处理时DlDCL2、DlDCL3和DlDCL4显著上调表达,而低浓度(0.1%)处理时DlDCL1显著上调表达;不同温度处理下,DlDCL1在34℃时显著上升,DlDCL3随着温度的提高相对表达量逐渐减低;而DlDCL2和DlDCL4表达量差异不明显;NaCl胁迫处理下,DlDCLs在1h处理时表达量下调,但在其他不同时间点则上调表达。研究表明,龙眼DCL基因在外源激素及非生物胁迫处理下,并非是简单的一对一响应,而是存在较为复杂的响应机制。     

胡杨无性系幼苗响应盐胁迫的miRNA表达差异研究

植物miRNA在调控基因表达、细胞周期、生物体发育、抗逆等方面起重要作用。为研究胡杨(Populus euphratica Oliv.)的耐盐机制,以1年生胡杨无性系幼苗为材料,构建具有空间代表性的盐胁迫胡杨cDNA文库,利用二代测序技术测定NaCl胁迫下和正常培养条件下胡杨叶和根miRNA表达情况。结果表明,不同的miRNA之间表达量存在明显差异,表达丰度最高的miRNA有miR156、miR157、miR165、miR166和miR167等,合计占总表达量的90%以上。胡杨根部存在特异表达的miRNA,在整个耐盐调控机制中发挥着生理调节、分子调控和信号传导等极为重要的作用。盐处理样品中发现大量响应盐胁迫的miRNA,对这些转录因子进行靶基因预测和注释后,发现很多盐胁迫响应的miRNA与NAC和SPL等重要转录因子家族相关,与前人的结论一致,另外还发现许多miRNA的调控对象是ATP酶和激素响应因子。     

甜杨低温响应microRNAs的克隆与分析

MicroRNAs (miRNAs)作为一类21碱基左右的非编码小RNAs,参与植物生长发育的调控,并在植物对生物与非生物胁迫的应答过程中发挥重要作用.本研究依据miRNA高度保守特点,利用已公布的毛果杨(Populus trichocarpa)基因组序列设计引物,从甜杨(Populus suaveolens)基因组中克隆获得了12个miRNA基因座序列.序列比对结果表明,这些miRNA基因均为毛果杨低温响应miRNA基因的同源序列.同时,以低温(0℃)处理0～48 h的甜杨幼苗为试材,通过半定量RT-PCR法对miRNA基因的成熟体序列在不同处理时间下的表达谱进行分析,结果显示,大多数miRNA成熟体序列在甜杨低温胁迫下的表达模式与其在毛果杨中的表达极为相似,由此可推测这些保守性miRNAs可能在甜杨和毛果杨两物种对低温胁迫的应答反应中发挥相似的功能,而miR168a、miR168b和miR475a在两物种间表达现象的差异,表明它们可能通过调控多种靶基因而发挥不同作用.本文结果将为进一步研究甜杨基因功能提供基础.     

独行菜种子bHLH类转录因子基因家族及幼苗laICE1表达对冷胁迫的响应

该研究在转录组数据基础上,以独行菜(Lepidium apetalum Willd.)种子耐受和不能耐受低温萌发的2组样本为材料,对其bHLH转录因子家族成员进行分析,并对该家族成员表达差异极显著的laICE1基因进行克隆、序列分析、结构预测,以探讨独行菜幼苗中laICE1基因表达对低温胁迫的响应特征。结果表明:(1)萌发中的独行菜种子,至少有83个bHLH转录因子序列表达,相对于低温萌发停滞组,在低温萌发耐受组的独行菜种子中,有10个下调、13个上调、60个表达差异不显著。其中表达量极显著下调的序列c20009_g1具有1 503bp开放阅读框,GO注释到ICE1基因,该基因命名为laICE1。(2)laICE1基因编码500aa,蛋白分子量为54 635.19kD,理论等电点为5.45,分子式为C2364H3742N688O758S22;该蛋白具有保守结构域bHLH。(3)定量分析表明,laICE1基因在非低温胁迫的独行菜种子中的表达量显著低于一直处于低温胁迫中不能进行萌发的独行菜种子,这与转录组数据库中该序列表达情况一致;而laICE1基因在独行菜幼苗期经低温处理后,其表达量显著上调,表明laICE1基因可能在独行菜幼苗耐受低温生长中具有一定的作用。     

甘蔗耐寒相关miRNA的生物信息学分析及其靶基因预测

为了解不同基因型甘蔗(Saccharum officinarum)响应低温胁迫的分子机制,该研究以低温胁迫4 ℃处理 24 h 后的3个不同耐寒性甘蔗品种的叶片为材料进行Illumina HiSeqTM 2000 高通量测序,构建了18个低温胁迫前后sRNA文库。结果表明:(1)共获得分属于84个家族的322个已知miRNA及预测得到110个新miRNA,并在已知miRNA中筛选出100个差异表达miRNA(61个上调,39个下调),新miRNA中筛选出37个差异表达 miRNA(15个上调, 22个下调)。(2)利用psRNATarget、TargetFinder、Tapirhybrid软件对所获得的差异表达miRNA进行靶基因预测,得到1 844个靶基因并进行GO分析揭示其主要功能类别,即分子功能、细胞组分与生物过程。(3)为验证高通量测序数据的可靠性,筛选14个miRNA及其靶基因进行qRT-PCR验证,结果显示这些miRNA均被检测发现且大多表达结果与测序结果一致。(4)鉴定出部分差异表达miRNA的靶基因,这些基因参与植物生长、发育及低温胁迫反应。综上认为,耐寒型甘蔗体内miRNA直接或间接作用靶基因实现表达调控相关代谢途径,对其重要农艺性状均起着关键的调控作用。     

马蔺根系响应Cd胁迫的miRNA高通量测序分析

为了解Cd胁迫下马蔺﹝Iris lactea var. chinensis ( Fisch.) Koidz.〕根系miRNA的表达模式,采用高通量测序法对100μmol·L-1 Cd胁迫0(CK)和24 h(Cd)后马蔺根系的sRNA文库(分别为CK和Cd文库)进行分析,筛选出显著差异表达的miRNA,并对这些miRNA的靶基因功能进行预测;在此基础上,采用qRT-PCR技术对部分miRNA及其靶基因的表达模式进行验证。结果表明：在CK和Cd文库中,未注释的sRNA序列较多,分别占各自sRNA特异序列总数的86.4%和80.5%;在已注释的sRNA序列中,miRNA所占比例最低(分别为0.3%和0.5%),而rRNA所占比例最高(分别为9.4%和11.8%);2个文库中的sRNA长度主要为21~24 nt,且均以21 nt为最多。从Cd胁迫下马蔺根系sRNA中共筛选出32个显著差异表达的miRNA,其中20个miRNA表达量下调(分别属于miR165、miR166、miR167、miR168、miR390和miR396家族),12个miRNA表达量上调。功能预测结果表明：这些miRNA靶基因的功能主要集中在生物学过程、细胞组分和分子功能3个方面;而从KEGG通路富集分析看,富集在核糖体、氨基酸生物合成和碳代谢3个通路上的差异表达miRNA的靶基因数分别为122、88和82个。 qRT-PCR验证结果表明：在CK和Cd文库间,11个差异表达miRNA及8个靶基因的相对表达量均有显著差异(P<0.05);其中,11个miRNA相对表达量的上调和下调趋势与上述筛选结果一致,并且miRNA相对表达量上调时,其靶基因的相对表达量下调,反之亦然,说明Cd胁迫条件下马蔺根系的miRNA负调控其靶基因的表达,并且这些靶基因主要参与编码转录因子、HD-ZIP蛋白和信号蛋白等过程。     

棉花miR397 LAC4模块调控棉铃虫抗性研究

miRNA(microRNA)通过调控其靶标基因在植物的生长、发育和抗逆过程中扮演着重要的角色。该研究采用分子生物学和生物化学等方法,探讨棉花miR397 LAC4参与植株木质素生物合成和对棉铃虫抗性响应机制。结果发现：(1)棉花miR397(ghr miR397)在转录后调控漆酶基因(GhLAC4)的表达,GhLAC4属于蓝铜氧化酶家族,通过调控木质素合成,抵御棉铃虫入侵棉花。(2)GUS报告基因融合表达和酶活性测定表明,ghr miR397在转录后切割靶标基因GhLAC4抑制其表达。(3)利用VIGS(virus induced gene silencing)技术在棉花中沉默和过表达ghr miR397,棉铃虫抗性检测分析表明,沉默miR397表达会增加棉花对棉铃虫的抗性,但过表达ghr miR397则会降低棉花的抗性。(4)选择性和非选择性棉铃虫实验分析、组织化学染色和木质素含量测定表明,沉默GhLAC4表达会减少木质素的积累,增加棉花对棉铃虫的敏感性。研究表明,ghr miR397 GhLAC4模块共同微调棉花木质素合成来参与棉花抗虫性调控,同时也为棉花抗虫育种提供了新思路。     

芥蓝miR156a家族进化特性及表达分析

miRNA广泛参与植物的发育过程。芥蓝形态多样,叶片发育因品种而异。为了解miR156a家族的进化特性及其在芥蓝叶片发育中的表达模式。该研究对芥蓝miR156a成员及其前体pre miR156a成员进行生物信息学分析,比较不同品种芥蓝叶形的差异,并采用qRT PCR方法分析芥蓝不同组织部位中pre miR156a的表达水平、以及叶形相似的芥蓝品种‘翠宝’和‘改良香菇’中不同类型叶片的pre miR156a成员及其靶基因的表达水平。结果表明：(1)多序列比对和进化树分析发现芥蓝miR156a家族成员和pre miR156a 3p_1在进化过程中高度保守;二级结构预测发现pre miR156a每个成员均能形成茎环结构并包含2～3个miR156a成员序列;靶基因预测显示miR156a 5p和miR156a主要靶向SPL,而miR156a 3p_1则靶向CTPS等不同的基因。(2)‘翠宝’和‘改良香菇’芥蓝的叶形最为相似,qRT PCR分析显示,pre miR156a在‘翠宝’营养生长期的叶片中高度表达。(3)pre miR156a成员在‘翠宝’和‘改良香菇’不同类型叶片中差异表达,pre miR156a主要在成熟叶和菇叶中表达,而pre miR156a 3p_1和pre miR156a 5p在第一片真叶中表达量更高。(4)靶基因分析的结果在不同品种中呈现不同趋势,‘翠宝’成熟叶中SPL10/15高表达,SPL2表达量降低;‘改良香菇’中SPL10在成熟叶和菇叶中表达降低,SPL15在菇叶中高表达,SPL2在不同类型叶片中表达无差异。研究认为,miR156a成员及其靶基因SPL2/10/15可能参与调控芥蓝叶片发育,不同品种中作用的靶基因可能存在差异,从而导致了各品种芥蓝叶片发育的差异。     

小桐子低温胁迫下microRNA实时荧光定量PCR内参的筛选与比较

选择合适的内参对实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)结果的准确性极其重要,在microRNA(miRNA)的qRT-PCR分析中尤为如此。通过筛选适宜分析小桐子低温胁迫下miRNA定量表达的内参,为小桐子及其他物种mi RNA的qRT-PCR分析提供有用的理论参考。基于以前的小RNA-seq结果,以低温处理的小桐子为材料,挑选11个候选内参基因,用实时荧光定量PCR技术检测它们在不同样本中的表达量,采用GeNorm、NormFinder和BestKeeper软件进行表达稳定性综合分析。结果表明,表达最稳定的基因是miR6448和U6,miR6448的Ct值为23左右,表达丰度适中;U6的Ct值为10左右,表达丰度高;因此,miR6448可作为小桐子低温胁迫下表达丰度适中的miRNA qRT-PCR的内参基因;U6可作为小桐子低温胁迫下丰度较高的miRNA qRT-PCR的内参基因。     

月季‘绿萼’花器官发育相关microRNA的鉴定及分析

利用高通量测序技术,构建了中国古老月季‘绿萼’(Rosa chinensis ‘Viridiflora’)和‘月月粉’(R.chinensis‘Old Blush’)花蕾期的microRNA(miRNA)文库,并对其进行了测序和序列分析。结果显示,在‘绿萼’文库中,鉴定到已知的miRNA成熟体39个,miRNA前体42个;预测到新的miRNA成熟体56个,前体57个。在‘月月粉’文库中,鉴定到已知RNA成熟体39个,已知miRNA前体40个;预测到新的miRNA成熟体53个,前体57个。与‘月月粉’相比,‘绿萼’中差异表达的miRNA有31个,其中17个上调、14个下调。荧光定量PCR实验结果表明,miR156、miR398和miR535在2种月季的花蕾期表达上调,而miR167、miR172和miR396表达下调。进一步检测miR172和miR156在2种月季不同花器官中的表达差异,发现miR172在‘绿萼’的花瓣、雌、雄蕊中表达显著下调,提示miR172可能通过负调控其靶基因RcAP2的表达,在‘绿萼’花器官发育过程中起重要作用。     

The phylogenetic placement of Ostropales within Lecanoromycetes (Ascomycota) revisited

Results of molecular studies regarding the phylogenetic placement of the order Ostropales and related taxa within Lecanoromycetes were thus far inconclusive. Some analyses placed the order as sister to the rest of Lecanoromycetes, while others inferred a position nested within Lecanoromycetes. We assembled a data set of 101 species including sequences from nuLSU rDNA, mtSSU rDNA, and the nuclear protein-coding RPB1 for each species to examine the cause of incongruencies in previously published phylogenies. MP, minimum evolution, and Bayesian analyses were performed using the combined three-region data set and the single-gene data sets. The position of Ostropales nested in Lecanoromycetes is confirmed in all single-gene and concatenated analyses, and a placement as sister to the rest of Lecanoromycetes is significantly rejected using two independent methods of alternative topology testing. Acarosporales and related taxa (Acarosporaceae group) are basal in Lecanoromycetes. However, if the these basal taxa are excluded from the analyses, Ostropales appear to be sister to the rest of Lecanoromycetes, suggesting different ingroup rooting as the cause for deviating topologies in previously published phylogenies.     

Genome Analysis inNeurospora crassa;Cloning of Four Lociarginine-1(arg-1),methionine-6(met-6),unknown-7(un-7), andribosome production-1(rip-1) and Associated Chromosome Walking

We have cloned fourNeurospora crassagenes by complementation analysis. Cloned genes include thearginine-1(arg-1),methionine-6(met-6),unknown-7(un-7), andribosome production-1(rip-1) loci. Chromosome walks were initiated in ordered cosmid libraries from the cloned loci. A total of about 700 kb of theNeurosporagenome is covered in these walks.     

Evolutionary relationships among aquatic anamorphs and teleomorphs: Lemonniera, Margaritispora, and Goniopila

The hypothesis that similar conidial morphologies in aquatic hyphomycetes are a result of convergent evolution was tested using molecular sequence data. Cladistic analyses were performed on partial sequences of 28S rDNA of seven species of Lemonniera, one species of Margaritispora and one species of Goniopila. Lemonniera has tetraradiate conidia with long arms, whereas Margaritispora and Goniopila have typically globose (isodiametric) conidia, with short conical protuberances in a stellate or quadrangular arrangement. Lemonniera and Margaritispora have phialidic conidiogenesis and both produce dark, minute sclerotia in culture whereas Goniopila has holoblastic conidiogenesis and does not produce sclerotia in culture. Goniopila produces a microconidial phialidic synanamorph in culture. All three genera have schizolytic conidial secession. Molecular analyses demonstrate that Lemonniera species are placed in two distinct clades: one within Leotiomycetes; the other within Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes. Margaritispora is placed with Lemonniera species within Leotiomycetes. Goniopila and Lemonniera pseudofloscula are placed within Dothideomycetes. No morphological character was entirely congruent with the molecular derived phylogeny. This suggests that for the group of species studied, conidial shape is not a reliable indicator of phylogeny but more likely the result of convergent evolution in response to the aquatic environment.     

Prosthecium species with Stegonsporium anamorphs on Acer

Data from microscopic morphology, single-spore cultures, and DNA analyses of teleomorphs and anamorphs support the recognition of five species of Prosthecium with Stegonsporium anamorphs on Acer: P. acerinum sp. nov., the teleomorph of S. acerinum; P. acerophilum comb. nov., formerly known as Dictyoporthe acerophila; P. galeatum comb. nov., originally described as Massaria galeata; P. opalus sp. nov.; and P. pyriforme sp. nov., the teleomorph of S. pyriforme s. str. The morphology of both type specimens and freshly collected material was investigated. The teleomorphs have brown ellipsoidal ascospores with five distosepta and often a longitudinal distoseptum. The anamorphs of all species described here belong to Stegonsporium; their connection to the Prosthecium teleomorphs was demonstrated by morphology and DNA sequences of single spore cultures derived from both ascospores and conidia. The anamorphs and teleomorphs of all five Prosthecium species are described and illustrated by LM images, and a key to these species is provided. As perceived from this work, S. pyriforme is restricted to Europe and does not occur in North America, whereas S. acerinum is restricted to North America, not found in Europe. The host associations given in the literature are revised and evidence is provided that only A. opalus, A. pseudoplatanus, and A. saccharum are confirmed hosts of Prosthecium with Stegonsporium anamorphs. Molecular phylogenetic analyses of tef1, ITS rDNA, and partial nuLSU rDNA sequences confirm that the species with Stegonsporium anamorphs are closely related to P. ellipsosporum, the generic type species. Stilbospora macrosperma is confirmed as the anamorph of P. ellipsosporum by DNA data of single spore isolates obtained from both ascospores and conidia.     

The phylogenetic placement of the Leucogastrales, including Mycolevis siccigleba (Cribbeaceae), in the Albatrellaceae using morphological and molecular data

The morphology of many hypogeous fungi converges on a homogeneous reduced form, suggesting that disparate lineages are subject to a uniform selection pressure. The primary goal of this study was to evaluate the morphology and infer the phylogeny of the Leucogastrales with Mycolevis siccigleba using a Bayesian methodology. A comprehensive morphological assessment was used for an a priori phylogenetic inference to guide the sequencing effort. All structures except spore ornamentation pointed to the Albatrellaceae as the most likely sister taxon. Polyporoletus sublividus, a close relative of Albatrellus, produces ornamented basidiospores with a similar structure to M. siccigleba basidiospores. The ITS from 30 taxa was used for the molecular phylogenetic analysis. P. sublividus was found sister to Mycolevis. Leucophleps spinispora and L. magnata formed a group sister to the Polyporoletus/Mycolevis group, whereas Leucogaster was polyphyletic with respect to the core of the Leucogastrales and sister to A. caeruleoporus. This relationship was expected as previously undescribed chlamydospores produced by members of Albatrellus had a similar morphology to the basidiospores of L. rubescens.     

Characterisation of cell wall polysaccharides, arabinogalactans-proteins (AGPs) and phenolics of Cola nitida, Cola acuminata and Garcinia kola seeds

Many Cola plant species are endemic to West and Central Africa. Cola acuminata and Cola nitida are used as masticatory when fresh, while the dried nuts are used for beverages and pharmaceutical purposes in Europe and North America. Garcinia kola seeds, that serve as a substitute for the true kola nuts, are used in African traditional medicine for the treatment of various diseases, including colic, headache and liver cirrhosis. Seeds extracts of G. kola are also known for their anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and antiviral properties. To gain information on the chemical properties of the kolas, we have isolated and analyzed cell wall polysaccharides, arabinogalactan-proteins and phenolic substances from the seeds of the three kola species. The sugar composition of cell wall material of C. acuminata, C. nitida and G. kola revealed that Gal (up to 30%), Ara, GalA and Glc as the predominant monosaccharides, representing approximately 90% by mol of the total hydrolysable sugar present in this material. In Ammonium oxalate cell wall fraction, GalA was found to be the major sugar present in all kola species. In the alkali-soluble fraction, there were significant differences in the level of Glc and Gal. The level of Glc was high in C. acuminata and C. nitida while the level of Gal and Xyl were high in C. nitida and G. cola. Isolation and quantification of arabinogalactan-proteins demonstrate that G. kola seeds contained four to eight times more of these proteoglycans than the seeds of the other two species. Finally, analysis of soluble phenolic substances shows that caffeine and catechin were largely represented in C. acumina and C. nitida seeds, with caffeine accounting for 50% of all soluble phenolics. These findings indicate that the three Kola seeds are highly enriched in pectins and proteoglycans and that C. acuminata and C. nitida can be used as a possible source of caffeine and catechin.     

New species of Phaeoramularia, Pseudocercospora and Stenella from Western Ghats of India

Four new species of the hyphomycete genera Phaeoramularia viz. Ph. caesalpinae, Pseudocercospora viz., Ps. tiliacearum, Stenella, viz. S. argyreiae and S. grewiae occurring on Caesalpinia bonducella Fleming (Caesalpiniaceae), Grewia sp. (Tiliaceae), Argyrea sp. Lour (Convolvulaceae) and Grewia sp. L. (Tiliaceae), respectively are described and illustrated here. All these fungi were collected from Western Ghats of India.     

甘菊ClHSP70与ClHSP90基因的克隆及表达分析

该研究以甘菊(Chrysanthemum lavandulifolium)为实验材料,通过RT-PCR方法从甘菊转录组数据中分离出热激蛋白合成相关基因,命名为ClHSP70和ClHSP90。序列分析表明,ClHSP70基因ORF全长为2 559bp,编码852个氨基酸,蛋白功能区预测表明含有典型的HSP70蛋白NBD和SBD保守结构域;ClHSP90基因ORF全长为2 094bp,编码697个氨基酸,含有HATPase结构域和HSP90保守结构域。生物信息学分析表明,甘菊ClHSP70与大豆(Glycine max)和烟草(Nicotiana tomentosiformis)HSP70蛋白有较高的一致性,ClHSP90基因编码的氨基酸序列与紫茎泽兰(Ageratina adenophora)HSP90高度相似;实时荧光定量表达分析表明,在42℃处理不同时间,甘菊叶片中ClHSP70和ClHSP90基因表达均在0.5h时显著增加,1h达到最大值,2h后缓慢下降;不同组织表达分析表明,甘菊在42℃处理1h后,ClHSP70在成熟叶中的表达量显著高于嫩叶和根等其他组织;ClHSP90在成熟茎中的表达量最高。研究说明,ClHSP70和ClHSP90基因具有热激蛋白特征,参与了甘菊热胁迫应答过程,该研究结果为以后深入研究其基因功能奠定了基础。     

中国黑粉菌属和利罗黑粉菌属

黑粉菌属是Roussel 1806年建立的,全世界记载有三百余种,主要寄生于禾本科,是经济作物及牧草的重要致病菌·长期以来,对黑粉菌的邢子使用过各种名称,如厚垣孢子,冬孢子及黑粉孢子等.本文采用黑粉孢子以区别锈菌的冬孢子. 芳’(1979)在《中国真菌总汇》中列出黑粉菌属五十种及一个变型.作者经过显微结构和超显微结构的研究,承认其中二十九种为正确名称,八种及一变型为异名,顶黑粉菌(Ustilago acrearus Berk.)由于错拼而被废弃.埃地黑粉菌(Ustilago emodensis Berk.)被转移至利罗粉菌属(Liroa).另有十一种黑粉菌因缺少标本留待今后订正.自1979年以后,杨信东(1983)增加黑粉菌属二种我国新纪录,K.范基和郭林(1986)描述一新种,四种新纪录.在本文中,作者描述一新种:鸢尾蒜黑粉(Ustilago ixiolirii Guo L) ,孢子堆生在蒴果内,不开裂,黑色,粉末状.黑粉孢子球形,近球形,稀椭圆形, 12.5-21×10-21μm,黑褐色,壁厚1-1.Sμm,纹饰脑状.是迄今生在石蒜科植物上唯一黑粉菌的种,其它几种黑粉菌均属条黑粉菌属.本文增加七种我国新纪录.共计四十九种,寄生于六科四十四属植物,主要是禾本科和蓼科.这仅是黑粉菌属研究的初步报告,在全国范围内大量采集黑粉菌标本后,作者相信会有更多新种和我国新纪录被发现.利罗黑粉菌属(Liroa)是从黑粉菌属(Ustaligo)分出的,此属为单种属.